Johann Lange (organ builder)

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Johann Lange (born September 4, 1543 in Wesselburen ; buried November 17, 1616 in Kamenz ) was an organ builder in Kamenz in Saxony . He worked mainly in Upper Lusatia and is considered the leading Saxon organ builder of the 16th century.

Life

Lange came from Wesselburen in Dithmarschen . In the Chronicle of Bischofswerda he is referred to as "Johann Largen von Camentz / Ditmariensem". The form of the name "Hanß Lange" is also documented. He probably learned organ building from Hans Scherer the Elder and settled in Kamenz in 1576. From 1576 to 1577 he lived in the Hotel Goldener Stern, later in the Goldener Hirsch in Kamenz, where he renovated the organ of the town church. He found his workshop in the Franciscan monastery , which was secularized in 1565 , where he had a furnace built.

On May 8, 1578, he acquired citizenship in Kamenz, bought his own house in or near Tuchmachergasse (today: Pulsnitzer Strasse) and in 1581 married Margaretha Bulling (buried on September 20, 1632 in Kamenz), the daughter of a master tailor City. Apparently Lange was the brother-in-law of Magister Justus Gebhardt, against whose successor he spread bad gossip in the pub and was therefore sentenced to three weeks in prison.

Presumed pupil of Lange in Kamenz was Gottfried Fritzsche . In addition to his son Hans and Joachim Zschuck (Plauen), Martin Wanningk (Kamenz) may also have learned organ building from Lange. On September 6, 1593, Lange was the godfather of his son Gabriel. A son of Lange took part in the overhaul of the two organs in the Dresden Kreuzkirche . The youngest son Tobias (baptized December 15, 1612 in Kamenz; † around 1635 there) was a gold and silver worker and elder of the community in Kamenz. He married Margaretha Schober on September 19, 1622 in Kamenz (baptized on January 14, 1604 in Kamenz; † 1680). Long was the ancestor of Gotthold Ephraim Lessing on his mother's side.

plant

More than 20 organ building activities (new constructions, conversions and repairs) have been proven by Lange, which concentrated on Upper Lusatia , but in individual cases extend to Saxony and beyond. He created organs in the style of the late Renaissance with side wing doors. He probably only used the slider drawer . His large organs had a developed principal and flute choir in the upper part and usually two registers in the chest part in eight and four-foot positions. The pedal had only a few registers and was probably firmly coupled to the upper work. Lange used transmissions for individual 16-foot registers in the pedal . The Rückpositiv , on the other hand, was richly equipped and has a modern cast with numerous flute and solo parts as well as tongue registers . Lange conveyed the highly developed north German-Dutch organ building to central Germany. The pedal of the organ in Trachenberg was expanded up to g 1 , but similar to the two Leipzig organs with a few registers only up to four feet. Reed voices were not in the upper work, in the breast work, as usual, only represented with short beakers, but overall they took up a quarter of the register inventory. The flute registers (wide choir) were more developed, but only up to a four-foot position.

Lange is considered to be the leading organ builder in Saxony in the 16th century. An inscription from 1576 on the positive back of the organ in Lützen, St. Viti, led to this work being attributed to Lange. The organ builder Georg Lange is not identical to Johann Lange. Nothing of his organs has survived. A small positive from 1580 or 1584, richly decorated in the Renaissance style, was destroyed in 1945 in the Dresden armory due to the effects of the war.

List of works

The Roman number indicates the number of manuals, a capital "P" indicates an independent pedal, a lower-case "p" indicates an attached pedal and the Arabic number in the penultimate column indicates the number of sounding registers.

year place building image Manuals register Remarks
1562 Torgau City Church II / P 26th Remodeling, not received
1576-1577 Kamenz City Church II / P 19th extensive renovation work, not preserved
1579-1580 Bolesławiec Parish Church of the Assumption
1580 Meissen Meissen Cathedral New building?
1580 or 1584 Dresden Castle, today: armory I. 4th Organ positive with writing desk and three-storey structure, originally in the electoral house chapel, then in the Kunstkammer and since 1892 in the History Museum; Destroyed in 1945. Lower part, housing and artistic design by Christoph Walther II , see [1] or [2] .
1580-1581 cottbus St. Nikolai
1584 Quietly St. Matthäi town church II / P 24 New building, burned in 1637
1586 Grimma Nikolaikirche New building, attribution, not preserved
1587 Spice up St. Mary's Cathedral in Wurzen
1590, 1602 Bischofswerda City Church II / P 20th 1590 renewal and expansion of the organ by Jacob Weinreb (1565) and Stephan Koch (1571); after the city fire of 1596, another renovation or a new building followed in 1602; Replaced in 1690
1591-1592 Torgau City Church II / P 26th New building; Replaced in 1872
1593-1594, 1605-1607 Rochlitz St. Kunigunde III / p 22nd New construction including older housing parts in two construction phases; Replaced in 1862
1594 Treben Village church I.
1596 Finsterwalde St. Trinity II / P 26th
1595-1598 Altenburg St. Bartholomew II / P 23 modification
1597-1598 Leipzig Nikolaikirche
Leipzig Nikolai Organ Lange.png
 II / P 27 Case by Valentin Silbermann and side wing by Thomas Lichtenstein and journeyman Heinrich Eckersen; repairs by Lange as early as 1575/1576; New building for 2900 guilders, disposition with Michael Praetorius, Syntagma musicum ; rebuilt several times and replaced in 1787 (watercolor by Carl Benjamin Schwarz 1785)
1598-1599 Altenburg Castle Church (large organ) II / P 16 Repair of the organ (around 1500); Replaced in 1640
1600 Trachenberg Ev. church II / P 28 New building
1598-1601 Leipzig Thomas Church III / P 25th Conversion for 1700 guilders, which was equivalent to a new building, rebuilt several times and replaced in 1885; Disposition with Michael Praetorius, Syntagma musicum ;
1601 Oschatz St. Aegidien New building; Burned in 1616
1603-1604 Chub St. Nicholas Church New building in the tower, Rückpositiv protrudes into the nave; Badly damaged when the ceiling collapsed in 1765; not received
1605 Dresden Kreuzkirche II / P Overhaul of the main and choir organ by Blasius Lehmann (1512–1514); not received
1606 Dresden Dreikönigskirche I. Renewal of the organ by Caspar Koler (1489); not received
1608 Goeda St. Peter and Paul I. 10 New building
1615 Löbau St. Nikolai New building

literature

  • Ulrich Dähnert: Historical organs in Saxony. An organ inventory . VEB Deutscher Verlag für Musik, Frankfurt 1980, ISBN 3-920112-76-8 , p. 305 .
  • Frank-Harald Greß : The organ landscape of Saxony. In: Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe (ed.): Silbermann. History and legend of an organ building family . 2006, p. 81 f.
  • Erich Kuhlmann: Johann Lange. An organ builder from Dithmarschen. In: Nordelbingen. Contributions to art and cultural history. No. 50, 1981, pp. 197-201.
  • Erich Kuhlmann: Lange, Johann (Hans). In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Vol. 7. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1985, ISBN 3-529-02647-6 , pp. 119-120.
  • Martin Kühne: On the trail of a Kamenz organ builder. On the 400th anniversary of Johann Lange's death. In: Dresdner Latest News . No. 277 of November 28, 2016, p. 14.
  • Konrad Küster : Leipzig and the North German Organ Culture of the 17th Century. About Werner Fabricius, Jacob Weckmann and their circle. In: Standing Conference Central German Baroque Music. Yearbook. 2000, pp. 22-41.
  • Uwe Pape , Wolfram Hackel (Ed.): Lexicon of North German Organ Builders. Vol. 2: Saxony and the surrounding area . Pape, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-921140-92-5 , pp. 221 .
  • Paul Rubardt: Kamenz organ book. Oberlausitzer Druckwerkstätten, Kamenz 1952, pp. 1–55.
  • Rudolf Wustmann: Music history of Leipzig. Vol. 1: Until the middle of the 17th century. Zentralantiquariat der DDR, Leipzig 1974, pp. 144–145 (reprint of the Leipzig 1926 edition) limited preview in the Google book search.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfram Hackel: The organs in the town church Bischofswerda - a chronicle. (PDF; 80 kB) In: Christ Messenger. Evangelical Lutheran Parish Office Bischofswerda of the United Evangelical Lutheran Church Community of Bischofswerda, Großdrebnitz, Goldbach / Weickersdorf, accessed on March 19, 2015 (longer version in: “Dulce melos organorum” - Festschrift Alfred Reichlin. Mettlach 2006, pp. 217–242).
  2. ↑ Hans Scheller: Kamenz as a six-town from the foundation to 1815. (= Kamenzer Heimathefte 14. ) Council of the City of Kamenz, Kamenz 1969.
  3. ↑ a b c d Martin Kühne: In the footsteps of a Kamenz organ builder. On the 400th anniversary of Johann Lange's death. In: Dresdner Latest News . No. 277 of November 28, 2016, p. 14.
  4. ↑ Dorothea Schröder: Organs and Organ Building in the Duchy of Wolfenbüttel 1580–1650 ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , P. 13 (PDF file; 427 kB), accessed on March 20, 2015. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.musikbmv.de
  5. ^ Organ building from the Middle Ages to the present day in the Kreuzkirche Dresden , accessed on December 8, 2016.
  6. ↑ Erich Kuhlmann: Lange, Johann (Hans). 1985, p. 119.
  7. ^ Pape: Lexicon of North German Organ Builders. 2012, p. 221.
  8. ^ Dähnert: Historical organs in Saxony. 1980, pp. 12-13.
  9. ↑ Hans Klotz: About the organ art of the Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque. Music, disposition, mixtures, lengths, registration, use of the pianos . 3. Edition. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1986, ISBN 3-7618-0775-9 , p. 237 .
  10. ^ Konrad Küster: Music on the dike. 500 years of organ culture in the marshes , p. 16, accessed on March 20, 2015 (PDF file; 368 kB).
  11. ↑ Rubardt: Kamenzer Orgelbuch. 1952, p. 15.
  12. ^ Christoph Wolff , Markus Zepf: The organs of JS Bach. A manual . Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2006, ISBN 3-374-02407-6 , p. 167 .
  13. ^ Inscription in Lützen, St. Viti , accessed on March 20, 2015.
  14. ^ Dähnert: Historical organs in Saxony. 1980, pp. 71-72.
  15. ^ Orgel in Rochlitz , pp. 2–23, accessed on March 20, 2015 (PDF file; 1.9 MB).
  16. ↑ Praetorius: Syntagma musicum ( online ), accessed on March 20, 2015.
  17. ↑ Praetorius: Syntagma musicum ( online ), accessed on March 20, 2015.
personal data
SURNAME Lange, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Long, Hanß
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German organ builder
DATE OF BIRTH September 4, 1543
PLACE OF BIRTH Wesselburen
DATE OF DEATH buried November 17, 1616
Place of death Kamenz