Gottfried Fritzsche

Gottfried Fritzsche (actually: Frietzsch ) (* 1578 in Meißen ; † 1638 in Ottensen , today in Hamburg) was a German organ builder .

Life

Gottfried Frietzsch wrote himself with a stretched IE. However, research in the 20th century consistently referred to him as "Fritzsche". He was born the son of the goldsmith Jobst Fritzsche († 1585). His grandfather Johannes Fritzsche (1508–1586) was Cathedral General Counsel in Meißen. Before 1603 he probably learned organ building from Johann Lange in Kamenz. Gottfried Frietzsch was an organ builder in Meissen until 1612, then in Dresden. Around 1614 he was appointed court organ builder for the Elector of Saxony. From 1619 to 1627 he worked in Wolfenbüttel and from 1628 to 1629 in Celle before coming to Ottensen in 1629 . He succeeded Hans Scherer the Younger and stayed there until his death.

From his first marriage to a woman no longer known by name, three sons and three daughters sprang, including the organ builder Hans Christoph Fritzsche . Through his second marriage in 1629 with Margarete geb. Ringemuth, used Rist, he became the stepfather of the poet Johann Rist . His students (and later sons-in-law) were Friedrich Stellwagen and Tobias Brunner .

plant

Frietzsch stood on the threshold from the Renaissance to the early Baroque . He further developed the Brabantian organ building and introduced numerous innovations, for example in the tongue registers the Rankettregale like Dulzian , Regal , Sordun and the long-bowl Krummhorn . Frietzsch often juxtaposed registers from the same register family, but with a contrasting scale length (wide and narrow), or chose unusual footnote pitches (pitches). In the chest and pedal he regularly used one-footed voices that were still unknown to Scherer. Its double cymbal , which takes the place of Scherer's high-lying Scharff, as well as the use of various aliquot registers as individual parts is also characteristic. The sesquialtera built into the organ in St. Jacobi (Hamburg) by Frietzsch in 1635 was the first ever in northern Germany. He also liked to use secondary registers such as tremulant and "drum", which Scherer has not yet encountered, and effect registers such as "cuckoo", "Vogelsang" and "nightingale". While hammered lead pipes were the rule in northern Germany up to now, Frietzsch planed the pipes and used an alloy with a higher proportion of tin, and added marcasite for the trumpets and trumpets . Compared to Scherer, the use of subsemitonies (double upper keys) was new. During his time in Hamburg, he rebuilt the organs of all four main churches. Frietzsch's extensions made the organ in St. Jacobi and St. Katharinen one of the first organs to have four manuals.

List of works

year	place	church	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1603	Meissen	Meissen Cathedral		II / P	17th	as a swallow's nest organ ; destroyed by lightning on April 27, 1647
1609-1610	Meissen	woman Church				not received
1612-1614	Dresden	Castle chapel		II / P	33	in collaboration with Hans Leo Hassler ; 1737 transferred to the Matthäuskirche; not received; Disposition with Michael Praetorius : Syntagma musicum . Volume 2: De Organographia
1615-1617	Sondershausen	Trinity Church		II / P	33	Burned in 1621
1617	Wolfenbüttel	Trinity Church		II / P	21st	originally built for Schöningen Palace Chapel ; Transferred and rebuilt in 1722/23; Prospectus received greatly changed
1618-1619	Bayreuth	City Church		II / P	35	not received
1621-1622	Harbke	St. Levin		I / P	18th	1728 addition of a Rückpositiv by Christoph Treutmann ; Prospectus and pipe material received
1619-1623	Wolfenbüttel	Marienkirche		III / P	39	Reconstructed prospectus and 6 registers preserved
1621-1623	Braunschweig	St. Catherine's		III / P		6 registers preserved and integrated in the new building by Rudolf von Beckerath Orgelbau (1980)
1622-1625	Claws	Village church		I / p		originally built for Wolfenbüttel Castle Church; 1725/26 reconstruction by Johann Andreas Graff; Transferred to Clauen in 1796; Baroque prospectus and parts of the pipework and wind chests preserved; Restored in 1995 by Bernhardt Edskes
1620s	Coswig	Old church		I.	9	Builder unknown, possibly Frietzsch or Tobias Weller ; transferred to Coswig around 1735, repainted in 1760; preserved → organ
1626-1627	Braunschweig	St. Ulrici Church		III / P	26th	not received
1627	Dresden ?			I.	1	Attribution; Positive with parchment pipes; in today 's Victoria and Albert Museum received
1629-1630	Hamburg	Mary Magdalene		II / P	23	not received
1630	Hamburg-Ottensen	Christian Church				Extension of an older organ; Johann Dietrich Busch took over some registers in 1744/1745 in the new building
1630	Hamburg	Former main church Sankt Nikolai				Transfer from the space above the north door to a new gallery "under the tower in the west"; Expansion and reconstruction of unknown dimensions
1624-1631	Torgau	Torgau Castle Chapel				not received
1630-1631	Braunschweig	St. Martini		II / P	24	Draft for a disposition that Jonas Weigel carried out in a modified form
1632	Hamburg	Main Church of Saint Catherine		IV / P	56	Extension conversion; Frietzsch pipes preserved in four breastwork registers; 2013 reconstruction of the state of 1720 (photo)
1633-1634	Hamburg	St. Peter's Church		IV / P (three manuals)		Renovation, expansion and remodeling. New: Brustwerk (attached to Oberwerk), all Rückpositiv registers, individual registers in Hauptwerk and pedal. New keyboards or extension of the manual range up to c 3 , with split upper keys, sub-semitonies, in all (connectable) manual keyboards for the additional tones D flat , A flat and A sharp . Not received.
1634	Neuengamme	St. Johannis		I / P		1803 by Johann Paul Geycke and later rebuilt several times; 5 complete registers and 6 parts preserved
1634	Altengamme	St. Nicolai				New building; Replaced in 1751 by Johann Dietrich Busch
1635-1636	Hamburg	St. Jacobi Church		IV / P	56	Extension to four manuals with a range of 4 octaves (in the back positive from D flat up to and including D flat 2 seven divided upper keys, subsemitonies, for the additional tones D flat , A flat and A sharp ); When it was rebuilt in 1693, Schnitger took over 20 registers from Frietzsch to varying degrees
1637	Hamburg-Allermöhe	Trinity Church				New building; Later rebuilt several times, the prospectus burned in 1900
1636-1638	Trittau				12	remained unfinished
1637-1638	Borstel (Jork)	St. Nikolai		II / P	about 20	Repair of the organ by an unknown builder (2nd half of the 16th century); Organ rebuilt several times, intervening 1770–1772 by Johann Paul Geycke , who also created a new case; The throats of two tongue registers from Frietzsch have been preserved

literature

• Ibo Ortgies : Gottfried Frietzsch and the Subsemitones in the Large Organ of Hamburg, St. Catherine’s . In: Johann Norrback, Joel Speerstra and Ralph Locke (eds.): Festschrift for Prof. Kerala J. Snyder (= GOArt Publications. Vol. 4). Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg 2019, 13 pp. Online (PDF: 1.8 MB).
• Gisela Jaacks : Fritzsche, Gottfried . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Hrsg.): Hamburgische Biographie . tape 5 . Wallstein, Göttingen 2010, ISBN 978-3-8353-0640-0 , p. 120-120 .
• Uwe Pape (Ed.): Lexicon of North German Organ Builders. Vol. 1: Thuringia and the surrounding area . Pape, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-921140-86-4 , pp. 81 f .
• Dorothea Schröder : Gloria in excelsis Deo. A history of the organs in the main church St. Petri, Hamburg . Wachholtz, Neumünster 2006, ISBN 978-3-529-02848-9 , pp. 30-34 .
• Wolfram Steude : Observations on the function of the Dresden Fritzsche organ in the 17th century . In: Matthias Herrmann (Ed.): Wolfram Steude, Approach through Distance. Texts on older Central German music and music history. Klaus-Jürgen Kamprad, Altenburg 2001, pp. 97-102.
• Frank-Harald Greß : The Gottfried Fritzsche organ of the Dresden castle chapel. Investigations to reconstruct their sound image. In: Acta Organologica . Vol. 23, 1993, pp. 67-112.
• Gustav Fock: Arp Schnitger and his school. A contribution to the history of organ building in the North and Baltic Sea coast areas . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1974, ISBN 3-7618-0261-7 .
• Gustav Fock: Hamburg's share in organ building in the Low German cultural area . In: Journal of the Association for Hamburg History . No. 38 , 1939, pp. 347 ( online ).
• Hans Klotz :  Fritzsche, Gottfried. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 636 ( digitized version ).
• Wilibald Gurlitt : The Saxon court organ maker Gottfried Fritzsche . In: Helmuth Osthoff, Walter Serauky, Adam Adrio (eds.): Festschrift Arnold Schering for the 60th birthday. Reprint Georg Olms Verlag, Berlin 1937, pp. 106–124 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
• Hans Klotz: Fritzsche, Gottfried . In: Friedrich Blume (Ed.): The music in past and present . Volume 4, Bärenreiter, Kassel [et al.] 1955, Sp. 978-982.

Web links

• Christian Lobback: Hanseatic organ building in the light of the 21st century ( memento from February 11, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ), especially the chapter on Gottfried Fritzsche's reform organs
• Dorothea Schröder: Organs and organ building in the Duchy of Wolfenbüttel 1580–1650 (PDF file; 427 kB)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Günter Seggermann, Alexander Steinhilber, Hans-Jürgen Wulf: The organs in Hamburg . Ludwig, Kiel 2019, ISBN 978-3-86935-366-1 , pp. XVII .
2. ↑ Dorothea Schröder: Organs and Organ Building in the Duchy of Wolfenbüttel 1580–1650 ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , P. 13 (PDF file; 427 kB), accessed on March 20, 2015. 
3. ^ Pape: Lexicon of North German Organ Builders. Vol. 1. 2009, p. 81.
4. ^ Fock: Hamburg's share in organ building. 1939, p. 345 ( online , viewed January 17, 2013.)
5. ^ Fock: Hamburg's share in organ building. 1939, p. 346 ( online , viewed January 17, 2013.)
6. ↑ Fock: Arp Schnitger and his school. 1974, p. 43.
7. ↑ Gurlitt: The Saxon court organ maker Gottfried Fritzsche. 1937, p. 109 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
8. ^ Praetorius: Syntagma musicum . Volume 2, p. 187 ( online ), accessed January 2, 2013.
9. ^ Organ in Harbke , seen December 28, 2012.
10. ^ Website of the old church Coswig
11. ^ Fritzsche positive , seen January 1, 2013.
12. ↑ Fock 1939, p. 347; Fock 1974, p. 46.
13. ↑ Schröder 2006, pp. 32–33.
14. ^ Organ in Neuengamme , Organ database.
15. ↑ Gustav Fock: Hamburg's share in organ building in the Low German cultural area . In: Journal of the Association for Hamburg History . No. 38 , 1939, pp. 351-352 (on- line ).
16. ^ Organ tradition in Allermöhe ( Memento from December 17, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
17. ↑ Gurlitt: The Saxon court organ maker Gottfried Fritzsche. 1937, p. 120 ( limited preview in the Google book search).