Hans Leo Hassler

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Hans Leo Haßler in 1593; Engraving by Dominicus Custos

Hans Leo Haßler von Roseneck (also: Hassler or Hasler , more rarely Johann Leo Haslerus ; baptized October 26, 1564 in Nuremberg ; †  June 8,  1612 in Frankfurt am Main ) was a German composer , organist , clockmaker and maker of music automatons .

Life

Memorial plaque for Hans Leo Haßler
in the Frankfurt Imperial Cathedral

His parents, the musician Isaac Haßler (* around 1530 in Sankt Joachimsthal , Bohemia) and Kunigunde (née Schneider), trained him to be an organist at an early age. He later received lessons from Leonhard Lechner . From 1584 he received lessons from Andrea Gabrieli in Venice, where he made friends with his nephew, the composer Giovanni Gabrieli . In 1585 he became chamber organist for Count Octavian II of Fugger in Augsburg and organist at St. Moritz ; he held this position for fifteen years. In 1590 his first collection of Canzonette a quatro voci appeared . In addition to his other activities, he was also head of the Augsburg city ​​pipers for one year in 1600 .

After Count Octavian's death, Haßler went to Nuremberg in 1601, where he primarily devoted himself to commercial transactions and the development and manufacture of organ automatons . In 1604 he moved to Ulm , where he married the merchant's daughter Cordula Claus on March 1, 1605. During his time in Ulm from 1604 to 1608 his sacred works were also composed. From 1608 he was the chamber organist of the Dresden elector Christian II of Saxony .

Hans Leo Haßler stayed in Frankfurt am Main in 1612 in the entourage of Elector Johann Georg I to take part in the coronation celebrations for Emperor Matthias . During this stay he died of consumption . In Frankfurt Cathedral one reminds memorial plaque to him.

Elevation to the nobility

In 1595, Hans Leo Haßler was raised to the nobility by Emperor Rudolf II, together with his brothers Caspar Haßler and Jakob Haßler . In 1604 they received the title of nobility from Roseneck . Presumably the title of nobility goes back to the family coat of arms of the mother. It shows three cut roses alternating with standing lions.

plant

Haßler's work is at the turn of the style from the late Renaissance - polyphony to Venetian-early Baroque sound development, as well as (in his lieder) to simple, song-like homophony . While his masses and motets mostly still follow the contrapuntal- imitative principle in the succession of Orlando di Lasso and his teacher Leonhard Lechner, his multi-choral works, such as the 15-part motet Jubilate Deo or his 16-part duo Seraphim , unfold baroque sound based on the model of the Venetian polychoral. His works are not only characterized by contrapuntal scholarship, but also by the highest grace and delicacy. In his four-part arrangements of the common church melodies he shows how even the simplest can become meaningful through an arrangement full of character.

No less valued than his sacred works (masses, motets, etc.) were his madrigals , canzonets and German secular songs , including the song Mein G'müt is bewildered , which was later included in Protestant church hymns with the text O head full of blood and wounds , which, along with many others, can be found in his pleasure garden of new German chants with 4–8 voices (Nuremberg 1601). A new edition of his psalms and Christian chants , published in 1607, appeared in Leipzig in 1777 on the “orders of a high class person” (Princess Amalie of Prussia , who was encouraged to do so by her teacher Johann Philipp Kirnberger ).

His organ works - albeit not very numerous - are also significant . Based on the Italian style of his teacher Andrea Gabrieli, he found his own style, which, like his vocal work, anticipated the transition from the organ music of the Renaissance to Baroque models and thus became important for the German organ style of the 17th century. His most important instrumental composition, however, is a harpsichord work , the variation work Ich gieng spatieren 31 times changed by Mr. JLH , which is unique in its time due to the length of the composition (about 42 minutes) and the demands associated with it. The influence of this well-composed work can be found in the song variations of the 17th century, for example in Sweelinck , Scheidt and Pachelbel .

Prints

  • Canzonette (Nuremberg 1590, State and City Library Augsburg Tonk. Schl. 231-234, RISM H 2325)
  • Cantiones sacrae (Augsburg 1591, 1597, SSB Augsburg Tonk. Schl. 231-236, RISM H 2324)
  • Madrigali (Augsburg 1596, SSB Augsburg Tonk. Schl. 231-236, RISM H 2339)
  • New teüsche singing in the style of the French madrigals and canzonets (Augsburg 1596, SSB Augsburg Tonk. Schl. 231-236, RISM H 2336)
  • Missae (Nuremberg 1599, SSB Augsburg Tonk. Schl. 231-236, RISM H 2327)
  • Lustgarten new German singing, balletti, gaillards and intrades (Nuremberg 1601, SSB Augsburg Tonk. Schl. 231-236, RISM H 2340)
  • Sacri concentus (Augsburg 1601/1612, SSB Augsburg Tonk. Schl. 231-236.237.238, RISM H 2328)
  • Psalms and Christian chants (Nuremberg 1607)
  • Psalms simpliciter (Nuremberg 1608)
  • Church chants , psalms and spiritual songs (Nuremberg 1608/1637)
  • Venus garden or new funny and lovely dances (Nuremberg 1615)
  • Litaney teütsch (Nuremberg 1619)
  • Verbum caro factum est , SSB Augsburg Tonk. Schl. 376-382

Audio sample "Canzon a 4 voci" (Bibl. Nazionale Torino)

Audio file / audio sample Canzon a 4 voci, HL Hassler 1.73 MB ? / i

literature

  • Otto Kade:  Hassler, Hans Leo . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 11, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1880, pp. 10-15.
  • C. Russell Crosby:  Haßler, Hans Leo. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1969, ISBN 3-428-00189-3 , p. 53 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Hasler (Hassler), Hans Leo . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 8, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 202.
  • The coat of arms of the Haßler von Roseneck brothers in three versions (family coat of arms, coat of arms from 1595, coat of arms from 1604). In: J. Siebmacher's Wappenbuch, Volume VI, 1st Department of Dead Bavarian Nobility; Part 2: Dead Bavarian families . Nuremberg 1906, pp. 65/66 u. Plate 42, today in: J. Siebmacher's great Wappenbuch Volume 22 , pp. 65/66 u. Plate 42, reprint Neustadt ad Aisch 1971, reprinted again in 1996.

See also

Web links

Commons : Hans Leo Hassler  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ According to the article Hasler (Haßler), Hans Leo . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 8, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 202 on June 5, 1612.
personal data
SURNAME Hassler, Hans Leo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Haßler von Roseneck, Hans Leo von; Hassler, Hans Leo; Hasler Hans Leo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German composer
DATE OF BIRTH baptized October 26, 1564
PLACE OF BIRTH Nuremberg
DATE OF DEATH June 8, 1612
Place of death Frankfurt am Main