Hamburg-Ottensen

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Ottensen's coat of arms
Coat of arms of Hamburg
Ottensen
district of Hamburg
Neuwerk → zu Bezirk Hamburg-Mitte Duvenstedt Wohldorf-Ohlstedt Mellingstedt Bergstedt Volksdorf Rahlstedt Hummelsbüttel Poppenbüttel Sasel Wellingsbüttel Steilshoop Bramfeld Farmsen-Berne Eilbek Marienthal Wandsbek Tonndorf Jenfeld Moorfleet Allermöhe Neuallermöhe Spadenland Tatenberg Billwerder Lohbrügge Ochsenwerder Reitbrook Kirchwerder Neuengamme Altengamme Curslack Bergedorf Neuland Gut Moor Rönneburg Langenbek Wilstorf Harburg Sinstorf Marmstorf Eißendorf Heimfeld Hausbruch Neugraben-Fischbek Moorburg Francop Altenwerder Neuenfelde Cranz Rissen Sülldorf Blankenese Iserbrook Osdorf Lurup Nienstedten Othmarschen Groß Flottbek Ottensen Altona-Altstadt Altona-Nord Sternschanze Bahrenfeld Schnelsen Niendorf Eidelstedt Stellingen Lokstedt Hoheluft-West Eimsbüttel Rotherbaum Harvestehude Langenhorn Fuhlsbüttel Ohlsdorf Alsterdorf Groß Borstel Hohenfelde Dulsberg Barmbek-Nord Barmbek-Süd Uhlenhorst Hoheluft-Ost Eppendorf Winterhude Veddel Kleiner Grasbrook Steinwerder Wilhelmsburg Waltershof Finkenwerder St. Pauli Neustadt Hamburg-Altstadt HafenCity St. Georg Hammerbrook Borgfelde Hamm Rothenburgsort Billbrook Horn Billstedt Land Niedersachsen Land Schleswig-HolsteinLocation in Hamburg
About this picture
Coordinates 53 ° 33 '14 "  N , 9 ° 55' 4"  E Coordinates: 53 ° 33 '14 "  N , 9 ° 55' 4"  E
surface 2.8 km²
Residents 35,585 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 12,709 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 22763,22765
prefix 040
district Altona district
Source: Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein

Ottensen is a district of Hamburg in the Altona district with an area of ​​2.9 km² and a population of around 35,000. It borders on the districts of Altona-Altstadt , Altona-Nord , Bahrenfeld and Othmarschen and with its district Neumühlen in the south on the Elbe opposite the Waltershof container terminal .

Beginnings of settlement

Ottensen was first mentioned in a document in 1310 as the Holstein church village of Ottenhusen . A foundation at the time of the Frankish Empire and at the same time as the Hammaburg is not documented and should be a mere legend. 1390 was Ottensen seat of the provincial governor of Schauenburg County Pinneberg , of Bahrenfeld, Othmarschen, Eidelstedt Stellingen was also responsible for the surrounding communities.

Klopstock's grave under the linden tree in Ottensen, lithograph by the Suhr brothers

The parish church responsible for Ottensen, Altona, Bahrenfeld and Othmarschen was St. Petri in Hamburg. In 1474, Count Erich von Schauenburg gave the Hamburg Franciscans of the Maria Magdalenen Monastery on today's Adolphsplatz a gift of a court in Ottensen when he took office, whose chapel may have been available to the population as a place of worship over the years, in addition to monastery brothers. It is also reasonable to assume that burials have also been carried out there since the plague year 1537, with thousands of deaths, the Hamburg council was forced to open a new poor cemetery in front of the Millerntor, which was soon closed again due to a lack of acceptance by the population. In the meantime the Reformation had prevailed in Hamburg and the Maria Magdalena monastery dissolved. The Salvatoriskirche, to which the Ottenser chapel was expanded in 1547/48, and Rumond Walther, who was attested as pastor in Ottensen for the same time, will therefore also have to be considered Lutheran.

In 1528 Ottensen already had 500 inhabitants, while in 1548 only 5 houses are occupied for Altona. In 1567 Dutch Protestants settled here, refugees from the Spanish-Habsburg counter-reformation.

Ottensen has long been a peasant and artisan village, after the sovereign Count Otto von Schaumburg died in 1640 without heirs, 1647 with the county Holstein-Pinneberg as a fief of the Holy Roman Empire to the Duchy of Holstein and under the rule of the Danish krone came . However, this promoted the Altona, which was created on the Ottenser Flurmark. It gave Altona city rights in 1664 and, after the city ​​was cremated by Swedish troops in 1713, it was rebuilt and expanded by the royal chief president Christian Detlev von Reventlow (1671–1738) .

Even before the construction of the main church of St. Trinity in Altona began in 1742 , the Salvatoriskirche in Ottensen was replaced by a new building from 1735 to 1738, which was built after King Christian VI, who had ruled since 1730 . (Denmark and Norway) named Christian Church .

Up until the beginning of the 19th century, Ottensen's building boundaries were roughly today's streets Am Felde in the east, Bergiusstraße in the north, Große Brunnenstraße in the west and Elbchaussee in the south.

Conversion to an industrial location

In 1853 a customs border was established between Ottensen and Altona , which ran along what would later become Haubachstrasse.

As a result of the German-Danish War (1864), Ottensen became part of the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein in 1866 . As a result, Ottensen developed into an important industrial location in Northern Germany, not least because it had been in the economic area of ​​the German Customs Union since 1867 , but Altona and Hamburg were not. Within 60 years, the number of inhabitants has increased sixteen times: In 1840, 2,411 people lived in Ottensen, in 1900 there were already 37,738. Bahrenfeld also benefited from the customs border with Altona .

Roland mill around 1900

Ottensen became an industrial location in the 19th century. Numerous factories were built during the period of industrialization . In 1898 the Ottensener industrial railway started its operation, until 1945 an extensive rail network was built on the Ottensener streets with approximately 70 to 80 connection points. Ottensen companies such as Zeise , Menck & Hambrock and the Bahrenfeld industrial park received a connection to the railway network. However, from 1977 sewer construction measures increasingly forced the removal of the rails embedded in the streets. In some cases, the affected connections were still served by road scooters from the Borselstrasse transfer station. Due to the loss of the larger industrial operations in southern Ottensen, the railway was generally deprived of its livelihood and was shut down on September 30, 1981.

From 1867, the city of Altona and Ottensen and this previously affiliated formed Neumühlen the urban district Altona. The city ​​of Ottensen was formed from Ottensen and Neumühlen on October 25, 1871 by imperial decree. After Altona and Hamburg joined the customs area of ​​the German Empire in 1888, Ottensen lost its tariff advantages. The city administration was forced to join Altona and was incorporated into the city of Altona on July 1, 1889. In 1938, with the end of Altona's independence , it became part of the new unified community of the Hanseatic City of Hamburg.

The city of Ottensen and the Altona district of Ottensen was surrounded by the streets Museumsstrasse, President-Krahn-Strasse, Harkortstrasse, Kieler Strasse in the east, Langenfelde marshalling yard, Am Winsberg and Rondenbarg in the north and Bornkampsweg, Mendelsohnstrasse, Woyrschweg, Friesenweg, Griegstrasse, Bernadottestrasse, Includes Hohenzollernring in the west.

The Greater Hamburg Law created completely new administrative boundaries. The 10 Hamburg districts (today 7 districts) were divided into 110 districts (today 104 districts) with a total of 178 districts. The new districts corresponded to the headquarters of the NSDAP local groups. Ottensen was divided into 5 districts, lost the northern district of Bornkamp to the military district of Bahrenfeld and now consisted of the four districts Koch Büddig in the west (today Rathenaupark), Lobusch in the south, Trommer in the center (today Friedensallee) and Schlageter in the north ( today Stresemannstrasse, formerly Karl Marx Strasse or Kreuzweg). The naming of the three left-wing workers' districts after so-called martyrs of the movement was particularly symbolic and provocative . As a result of the district administration reform from 1949 to 1951, which adjusted the district boundaries of Bahrenfeld, Ottensen and Altona Nord to the course of the railway tracks, Ottensen then also lost the area north of the railway embankment. With this, the district boundaries of Bahrenfeld, Ottensen and Altona Nord were adapted to the boundaries of the track system by the state of Hamburg.

Place names

Ottensen has also been widely known under the name Mottenburg since the 1870s . There were several variants of the origin of this name. It is often shown that Ottensen was the location of several industrial, especially glass-blowing , and at the same time had unhealthy living conditions. The average life expectancy of a glass worker was 35 years, that of a glass cutter 33 years. These workers suffered from the common occupational disease tuberculosis , which was colloquially known as “the moth”: you had holes in your lungs like a piece of cloth eaten by moths. The term “Mottenburger” for the Ottensians is derived from this.

Another variant is related to the singing bogus Die Mottenburger , which the Kladderadatsch founder David Kalisch wrote at the end of 1867. In it he caricatured the mayor of Charlottenburg, who was considered particularly corrupt (part of Berlin since 1920), but moved the plot to the fictional Mottenburg - the first written reference to this word. The song about the "Tyrann von Mottenburg" soon found application in Ottensen to the police prefect at the time, and the play itself was performed at the Hamburg Thalia Theater in the 1868/69 season . The caricatured conditions in it reminded many of the struggles for posts in the administration that took place in the course of Ottensen's becoming a town in 1871.

Further origins could be the former cloth and fur stores in the Dutch row and the moths occurring there, or a simple medieval corruption of the name Ottensen. Both variants are assumed to be less likely.

On July 25, 1950, when Hörmannstrasse was renamed Mottenburger Strasse, the name was visibly anchored in the district. On January 19, 1976, Mottenburger Twiete was added as another street name. The center for district-related cultural and social work, which was also opened in 1976 and is located in the immediate vicinity, is called "Die Motte" (The Motte).

Recent development

In the 1960s, Ottens industry was increasingly relocated and companies filed for bankruptcy. There was no investment in new projects that could have replaced the old economic foundations. As a result of this structural change , the district experienced a decline and the population fell until the trend reversed for the first time in the 1980s. The district underwent a significant upgrade ( gentrification ): Ottensen changed from the rebellious, multicultural immigrant district of the 1970s to the trendy district of the 1980s and in the 2000s to a rather dignified, but still culturally diverse city center with attractive shopping opportunities. Many old houses have been renovated and the apartments are in great demand; instead of flat shares , mostly middle-class families and academics moved in. The shopping and nightlife has also changed a lot in recent years and has become a crowd puller, so that now visitors come from other parts of Hamburg. It is noteworthy that, despite the diversity of nationalities within its population, Ottensen is not one of the social hot spots in Hamburg, but is popular as a lively district.

statistics

  • Minor quota: 18.0% [Hamburg average: 16.3% (2018)].
  • Elderly rate: 17.9% [Hamburg average: 18.1% (2018)].
  • Proportion of foreigners: 16.2% [Hamburg average: 17.3% (2018)].
  • Unemployment rate: 4.8% [Hamburg average: 5.0% (2018)].

The average income per taxpayer in Ottensen is 40,830 euros annually (2013), the Hamburg average is 39,054 euros.

politics

Results of the elections for the Hamburg citizenship :

SPD CDU FDP Green AfD left Others
2015 37.7% 5.4% 4.3% 25.9% 1.8% 19.7% 5.2%
2011 48.6% 7.8% 3.3% 20.5% 12.9% 7.0%

Culture and sights

Former railway headquarters on Museumstrasse
Euler Hermes Building

Buildings

  • Building of the former Royal Railway Directorate Altona and its legal successor on Kaiserstraße (today Museumstraße ), completed on October 16, 1895
  • The Lankenaustift designed by the architects Raabe & Wöhlecke .
  • The vocational school center designed in the Bauhaus style by the Altona Senator for Construction Gustav Oelsner (whose auditorium is used as the Altona theater ) and
  • the Altona Museum , both on the Platz der Republik .
  • The Christian Church : The German poet Klopstock is buried in the adjacent churchyard .
  • The 22-storey Euler-Hermes high-rise office building with a strikingly rounded structure near the Bahrenfeld S-Bahn station (built 1977–1981; architect: Titus Felixmüller ). It is to be demolished in 2020 and replaced by a new building.
  • The Kreuzkirche built by the Otzen student Fernando Lorenzen in 1898 .
  • The Stadtcafé Ottensen on Behringstrasse, designed with the help of Friedensreich Hundertwasser . (Closed since January 1, 2019 after renovation and reopening in the meantime)
  • The VIVO planned as an ecological trading and industrial center on the northern Bahrenfelder Straße, today used by the Hamburg administration and some service providers
  • At the corner of Nöltingstrasse and Am Born, an old excavator from Menck & Hambrock , founded in Ottensen in 1868, was erected. As a “Menckmal”, it is a reminder of Ottensen's important metal-industrial past; comparable monuments of industrial history can be found in the entrance area to the Zeise cinemas on Friedensallee (ship's propeller) and above the entrance to the event center Fabrik on Barnerstraße (load crane).
  • The Easter Church

theatre

  • The Altonaer Theater at Museumsstrasse 17 next to the Altonaer Museum specializes in the staging of classic to modern literature. Books such as Die Vermessung der Welt or Herr Lehmann are brought to the stage.
  • The "Gauss" venue of the Thalia Theater is located in Gaußstrasse .
  • Monsoon Theater in Friedensallee

Economy and Infrastructure

The part of the Ottenser Hauptstraße near the station

In 2007 the unemployment rate was 5.6%. Ottensen has 2,289 residential buildings. The average size of an apartment is 66.4  m² , the living space per inhabitant is 36.1  m² . With 1,429 social housing , Ottensen ranks second in the Altona district behind the Altona-Altstadt district .

Mercado

The Mercado (Spanish term for market / weekly market) is a shopping center owned by Union Investment .
Including the basement and the uppermost parking area, the building has five levels one above the other. On the ground level access area there are about 30 permanently installed stands in the middle of an area of ​​900 m², which together have a weekly market character. Around this facility there are around 40 other shops and restaurants on a total area of ​​23,000 m². The Mercado opened on October 5, 1995. Three years later a public book hall was set up in it on an area of ​​1,200 m².

Old Jewish Cemetery

Memorial plaques in the basement for the dead who were previously buried here

During the excavation work for the Mercado there were protests by devout Jews at the end of 1991 and 1992 under the leadership of the Atra Kadisha, which is committed to the preservation of Jewish cemeteries . A Jewish cemetery had existed here since 1663; the last burial took place in 1934. During the Second World War , the Nazi state seized the site and built two air raid shelters on it in 1939 and 1942 . Gravestones and bones that were found during construction had been reburied in the Ohlsdorf Jewish Cemetery , including the grave of the banker Salomon Heine , Heinrich Heine's uncle . Since it seemed impossible to restore the cemetery after the war, the site was sold after a restitution process in 1950 by the Jewish Trust Corporation and the Jewish Community to the Hertie Group , which built a department store there in 1952/53.

In 1988 the site was sold again and the department store was later demolished. Atra Kadisha now brought the construction work to a standstill and demanded the return of the site to the Jewish community: a Jewish cemetery is inviolable. The Jerusalem chief rabbi Itzchak Kolitz , who was called in as an appraiser, decided that the earth must remain untouched where graves and bones were still present or suspected; these are to be protected by a concrete slab that can be built on. This was done with ongoing rabbinical construction supervision. The planned underground car park was not carried out; instead, 400 parking spaces were created on the roof. Commemorative plaques on the staircase provide information about the history of the Ottensen Jewish cemetery, name the total of 4,500 dead buried there and leave room for other names that could be determined in the future.

Established businesses

Altona Children's Hospital (2016)

Public facilities

The Altona Children's Hospital has long been exclusively from the " club Altona Children's Hospital from 1859 e. V. “, since 2006 it belongs to the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf .

education

Rudolf Steiner School Altona

Ottensen has 34 kindergartens. In 2007, a total of 1,791 students attended the following schools:

  • Primary schools: School Bahrenfelder Straße, School Rothestraße, Max-Brauer-Schule; Ev. Elementary school at the Easter Church
  • Comprehensive school: Rudolf Steiner School Altona
  • Altona high school
  • State vocational school for energy technology (G10)

Events

One of the regular events in Ottensen is the altonale , a two-week culture and street festival with up to 600,000 visitors.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Connected with Ottensen

  • Fatih Akin (* 1973), film director, often shoots parts of his films in Ottensen and also lives there.
  • Wolf Biermann (* 1936), songwriter
  • Moritz Bleibtreu (* 1971), actor, lived in Ottensen until 2008
  • Mathieu Carrière (* 1950), actor, has lived in Ottensen for almost 10 years ( registered in September 2008 )
  • Roger Cicero (1970–2016), musician, lived in Ottensen for a long time
  • Fabius (* 1966), actor, singer, music producer, has lived in Ottensen for almost 10 years ( registered in May 2010 )
  • Peter Franke (* 1941), actor, lives in Ottensen
  • Karl-Heinz von Hassel (1939–2016), actor, lived in Ottensen
  • Hannelore Hoger (* 1942), actress, lives in Ottensen
  • Fritz Honka (1935–1998), serial killer, lived in Ottensen for a long time and committed his murders there.
  • Simone Klages (* 1956), children's book author and illustrator, lives and works in Hamburg-Ottensen
  • Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock (1724–1803), German poet
  • Peter Lohmeyer (* 1962), actor, lives in Ottensen
  • Nina Petri (* 1963), actress, lives in Ottensen
  • Bill Ramsey (* 1931), musician, has lived in Ottensen since 1991
  • Oliver Tolmein (* 1961), journalist and lawyer, lives and works in Ottensen.
  • Sarah Wiener (* 1962), TV cook and book author, lives in Ottensen
  • Tine Wittler (* 1973), author who lives in Ottensen and also lets her novels play there
  • Joachim Wolff (1920–2000), actor, lived in Ottensen
  • Steffen Hallaschka (* 1971), German radio and television presenter, lives in Ottensen
  • Bülent Çelebi (* 1976), German musician and actor
  • Adam Bousdoukos (* 1974), German actor of Greek descent, owned the Sotiris restaurant in Ottensen for almost ten years .
  • Jan Delay (* 1976), German musician, lives in Ottensen
  • Sibel Kekilli (* 1980), German actress, lives in Ottensen
  • Yared Dibaba (* 1969) a German actor, presenter, entertainer, author and singer, lives in Ottensen
  • Steven Gätjen (* 1972) a German-American moderator, lives in Ottensen
  • Johannes Wimmer (* 1983) is a German doctor and television presenter
  • Saša Stanišić (* 1978) is a German-speaking writer from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Sports

In the west of Ottensen is the Adolf-Jäger-Kampfbahn , which has been the venue of the traditional Altona 93 football club since 1909 .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich Hammer (theologian) : St. Gangolfus. Background to the history of a Hamburg bell . Journal of the Association for Hamburg History 76 (1990) pp. 169–182 agora.sub.uni-hamburg.de pp. 176 ff.
  2. ↑ Hamburg.de Altona's difficult years ( Memento from December 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ see map of Altona 1888 ( Memento from July 31, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ Plan of the tracks of the Ottensener Industriebahn around 1945, accessed on August 19, 2019 ( Memento from August 29, 2018 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ^ E. von Dücker, Hans-Kai Möller: Ottensen - On the history of a district, exhibition Altonaer Museum 1983
  6. ^ Official Journal of the Government in Schleswig 1871, p. 309 digitized
  7. ^ Official Journal of the Government in Schleswig: 1875 . Schleswig February 13, 1875, p. 41 ( digitized version ).
  8. ^ NSDAP local groups of District VII Hamburg-Altona
  9. ↑ The two SA men Heinrich Koch and Peter Büddig were shot dead on July 17, 1932, Altona Blood Sunday , and the SA man Emil Trommer on March 17, 1933 near Paul-Roosen-Straße. Albert Leo Schlageter was sentenced to death and executed for bomb attacks during the occupation of the Ruhr in 1923.
  10. ^ Franklin Kopitzsch , Daniel Tilgner (ed.): Hamburg Lexikon. 4th, updated and expanded special edition. Ellert & Richter, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-8319-0373-3 , p. 474.
  11. ↑ a b c d North Statistics Office: My Region - Generated data table from our own compilation for Hamburg. Retrieved March 11, 2020 .
  12. ↑ Statistics Office North: My Region - Comparative data for Ottensen. Retrieved March 11, 2020 .
  13. ↑ http://www.statistik-nord.de/fileadmin/maps/election_2015_hh_bue_e/index.html
  14. ↑ Historical picture of the railway management ( memento from March 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  15. ↑ Welt.de: Altona kept loyal. Retrieved September 25, 2019 .
  16. ↑ a b Statistics North website, accessed October 15, 2009.
  17. ↑ Mercado changes hands . Hamburger Abendblatt from September 2, 2009
  18. ↑ Alexander Jung, DIE ZEIT March 13, 1992
  19. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of March 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) accessed on January 9, 2011
  20. ↑ Abendblatt.de
  21. ↑ Rike Schulz: Hamburg TV doctor explains how to prevent strokes and Alzheimer's. In: mopo.de. Morgenpost Verlag GmbH, April 8, 2019, accessed on January 8, 2020 (German).
  22. ↑ Thomas Andre: Hamburger Saša Stanišić on the shortlist for the book price. In: Abendblatt.de. September 19, 2017, accessed on January 8, 2020 (German).

literature

  • Support group "Ottensen Chronicle" e. V. (Ed.): Ottensen Chronicle. Hamburg 2002 (3rd edition) (self-published).
  • Ina Lorenz / Jörg Berkemann: Dispute about the Ottensen Jewish cemetery. How long does it take forever. Two volumes, Dölling and Galitz, Hamburg 1995, ISBN 3-926174-67-6 .
  • City district archive Ottensen (ed.): Schauplatz Ottensen. History and stories of the Ottenser Platz. Hamburg-Altona 2003 (self-published). ISBN 3-9808925-1-4
  • Stadtteilarchiv Ottensen (Ed.): On the way in Ottensen - history and stories of traffic and movement in Ottensen, 2010 edition, ISBN 978-3980892544

Web links

Commons : Hamburg-Ottensen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files