Johann von Klenau

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Johann Graf von Klenau, Baron von Janowitz , as a member of an old Bohemian family Janowský z Janowicz a Klenowýho (born April 13, 1758 in Prague , Bohemia , † October 6, 1819 in Brno , Moravia ) was an Austrian cavalry general and last commanding general in Moravia and Silesia .

General von Klenau

origin

His parents were Count Wenzel Ignatz Josef von Klenau and Janowitz and his wife Countess Maria Josefa von Breda (Bredow).

Life

He joined the 47th Infantry Regiment as a cadet on October 1, 1774 . He then switched to the cavalry and was in the Bavarian Succession War (1778–1779) Rittmeister in the 5th Chevauxlegers Regiment. He also distinguished himself in the Turkish War of 1788, becoming a major and joining the Rhine Army under Wurmser during the First Coalition War in 1793 . There he distinguished himself in some skirmishes, for example on July 27, 1794 off Liège. His greatest success came on September 24, 1795 in the battle near Handschuhsheim. The Lieutenant Quosdanowich was of the two French, by the September 24, 1795 Neckar attacked separate divisions Dufour and Ambert. A column, a chasseur regiment and 5 battalions with 8 guns advanced against Neuenheim in order to take Handschuhsheim. The lieutenant colonel was ordered to advance with his squadrons over Neuenheim and attack the enemy troops. Klenau threw himself on the chasseur regiment, scattered it, and took the artillery following the chasseurs in the marching column. He used the favor, he also attacked the 5 battalions and dispersed them. General Dufour was wounded and taken prisoner, the French cavalry fled back to Mannheim . For this he received on October 30, 1795 the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order and was promoted to Colonel in the 8th Hussar Regiment (Wurmser Hussars). With this regiment he was transferred to Italy in 1796 , and in September 1796 he came to Mantua with parts of the regiment to defend the city . He stayed there until the surrender on February 2, 1797. In April he was back in Vienna and in 1797 was promoted out of turn to major general. In the Second Coalition War he came back to Italy in 1799 and to Germany in 1800, and on October 28, 1800 he was promoted to field marshal lieutenant. After the war he received a divisional command in Prague and in February 1804 became the owner of the 5th Chevauxlegers Regiment (later 10th Dragoon Regiment) . In the Third War of the Coalition , he was initially in Bavaria and defeated Pierre-François-Charles Augereau at Lauf on December 18 , later he was trapped in Ulm . It remained peaceful until 1809. There he fought near Aspern , where he commanded the vanguard of the 4th and 5th columns. Later he also fought in Wagram , where he led the 6th Army Corps in place of the sick Feldzeugmeister Johann von Hiller . He received the Commander's Cross of the Maria Theresa Order for his outstanding achievements .

During the Wars of Liberation in 1813, Klenau was promoted to general of the cavalry and he was given a corps in the main army in Bohemia . He fought near Dresden and the Battle of Nations near Leipzig . On October 26th he led the Dresden Blockade Corps . Marshal St. Cyr offered negotiations on November 7th, which ended with the surrender of troops on November 11th. Almost 28,000 men were taken prisoner and were to be brought to Strasbourg. The Field Marshal Prince Schwarzenberg but declared the treaty on November 17 to be invalid, he said Marshal freely to Dresden return or go to Austrian captivity. The Marshal chose the latter. The Klenau corps moved to Italy, but a small part to the Rhine. The general received instructions to go to Prague and then to Vienna, from where he was sent to the army in Italy. In 1815 he became the commanding general in Moravia and Silesia, based in Brno . He remained in this post until his death.

In 1909 the Klenaugasse in Vienna- Donaustadt (22nd district) was named after him.

family

In 1800 he married Maria Josefa Tallian de Vieseck (* 1763) widow of Anton Somsich de Sard. The couple had a daughter:

  • Maria Anna Johanna Josepha Henriette (* December 17, 1801 - March 21, 1870)
⚭ Count Joseph Siegmund von Riesch († 1833)
⚭ 1835 Gustav von Bennigsen (1790–1867), Prussian lieutenant general

literature

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