Johann von Türckheim (politician)

Baron Johann von Türckheim zu Altdorf (born October 17, 1778 in Strasbourg , † July 30, 1847 in Ragaz ) was a Baden civil servant and politician.

origin

Johann von Türckheim came from a Protestant family who had been raised to the status of imperial barons in 1782, which had produced important bankers, merchants and politicians in Strasbourg in the 18th century. Türckheim's father of the same name, the lawyer and diplomat Johann Freiherr von Türckheim (1749–1824), fled the effects of the French Revolution on his property in Altdorf in the Ortenau in 1789 and subsequently entered the service of various German imperial estates as a diplomat.

Life

Türckheim was brought up under the direction of his father. From 1793 Johann von Türckheim studied law at the universities in Tübingen and Erlangen . In 1799 he took over command of the Landsturm from the imperial knighthood-Ortau villages. After its conversion into a militia, Türckheim entered Austrian military service in the same year. As an officer in the regiments Baron Vukastevich No. 48 and Lattermann No. 45, he participated in the campaigns of 1800 and 1801. At his father's request, he resigned from the Austrian army in 1803. Now, as his father's assistant, he was electoral and ducal Saxon envoy to the Franconian district assembly in Nuremberg. He soon took over the sole management of the business there after his father had become the Hesse-Darmstadt ambassador to the Reichstag in Regensburg . When, with the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, the imperial knighthood areas of Ortenau fell to Baden and Türckheim became a citizen of Baden, he entered the service of Grand Duke Karl Friedrich . In November 1808, Türckheim received the post of government councilor in the government of the Middle Rhine District in Karlsruhe. At the same time he was given legal clerkship at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. When the new state organization was carried out in the following year, he became vice director of the state sovereignty department in the Ministry of the Interior and four years later director of the Main and Tauber district in Wertheim . In 1814 he was appointed director of the Dreisamkreis in Freiburg . He remained in this post until 1831, after he also held the post of sovereign commissioner at the University of Freiburg in 1819 . Since the constitution was introduced in Baden in 1819, Türckheim was a member of the First Chamber of the Baden Estates as a member of the manorial nobility ob der Murg . Türckheim was also temporarily a member of the State Ministerial Department. In addition, Türckheim was a member of the special commission for preparing the budget in 1820. As a member of the First Chamber, he wrote a number of reports in the first decade of the country's constitution, such as on the municipal code and the budget. As rapporteur for the First Chamber, he defended the aristocratic edict of April 16, 1819 introduced by the Berstett government at the first Landtag in 1819. The Second Chamber sharply attacked this edict. As a result, Türckheim came into violent personal opposition to the reporter of the Second Chamber, his later ministerial colleague Ludwig Georg Winter . Grand Duke Leopold appointed Türckheim Minister of the Grand Ducal House and Foreign Affairs in July 1831. Türckheim only held this position for four years. In the years immediately after the July Revolution , Türckheim was unable to assert his convictions and had no decisive influence on the fate of his country. The enforcement of repressive resolutions of the Bundestag , which he had to represent in relation to the Baden government and the state parliament, made him a target of dissatisfaction in public opinion. After leaving the Ministry in winter 1835, Türckheim retired to his country estate in Altdorf. He used the following years to collect and edit previously written essays, which he published in two volumes in 1842 and 1845 under the title Observations in the field of constitutional and state policy . In 1846 he accepted another mandate for the First Chamber, that of the University of Freiburg.

family

Türckheim was married to Friederike von Günderode since 1814. She was the daughter of the Grand Ducal Hessian Higher Appeal Court Councilor Baron von Günderode in Darmstadt. Friederike von Günderode was a daughter of a family belonging to the old Frankfurt patriciate and Türckheim was therefore accepted into the aristocratic inheritance of the Alten Limpurg family in 1822 . Türckheim's son Hans (born December 5, 1814 in Freiburg; † November 21, 1892) was Baden ambassador to Berlin from 1864 to 1883 and father of the future botanist Hans von Türckheim .

literature

• Baden biographies . Volume 2, Heidelberg 1875, pp. 366-373
• Albert Krieger:  Johann Freiherr von Türckheim zu Altdorf . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 54, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1908, p. 719 f.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Entry on Das Frankfurter Patriziat ; accessed on October 3, 2017