Joan II (Burgundy)

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Joan II of Burgundy

Joan II of Burgundy (* probably 1291; † January 21, 1330 in Roye ) was mistress of Salins , Countess Palatine of Burgundy ( Franche-Comté ) from 1315 to 1330 and as Johanna I from 1329 Countess of Artois . Through her marriage to Philippe of Poitiers, who later became King Philip V , she was Countess of Poitiers from 1307 and Queen of France from 1317 to 1322.

She was the daughter of Otto IV. Count Palatine of Burgundy and his wife Mathilde von Artois .

Life

Johanna's precise date of birth is not known, but on June 9, 1291, her father concluded the Treaty of Evreux with King Philip IV of France , in which the presumably just born Johanna - if there was no male heir for the Free County - the then one-year-old Crown Prince Ludwig , the later Ludwig X. or one of his subsequent brothers was promised. In 1295, the heavily indebted Otto IV consented to the Treaty of Vincennes, which confirmed this agreement but excluded any male descendants from the succession.

After Otto IV succumbed to the wounds he sustained during the campaign of Flanders in the service of the king, Joan's three-year-old brother Robert was made titular count in 1303 , while Philip IV temporarily took possession of the free county and its capital Dole set up a minting workshop.

Since the king married his eldest son , who had promised Johanna, in 1305 to Margaret of Burgundy , daughter of Roberts II , Duke of Burgundy , Joan was in Corbeil in 1307 with Philip of Poitiers , the second son of Philip IV and Queen Joan I . of Navarre married. Her sister Blanka of Burgundy married Charles of France the following year, the third son of the king and future Charles IV.

In May 1314, she became involved in the affair of the Tour de Nesle as a confidante . The three daughters-in-law of Philip IV, suspected of adultery, were arrested while the court was staying in Maubuisson and Margarete and Blanka were imprisoned in the Château Gaillard and Johanna in the keep of Dourdan . Johanna protested her innocence in front of the Parlement (Supreme Court), was acquitted for lack of evidence and returned to the court towards the end of the year. Her mother's influence as well as her husband's willingness to forgive her contributed to the happy outcome for her.

In the meantime, Philip IV had died in November 1314, who had previously administered the Free County of Burgundy without having regulated its final takeover by the Crown. In contrast to his brothers, who cast off their wives, Philip forgave his wife, not least in order not to have to forego the free custody. Shortly afterwards, when Count Robert, who was only 15 years old, died unmarried and without descendants, in 1315 the free county fell to Johanna.

In April of the same year she took her husband to Burgundy for the first time. The couple were greeted at the border town of Auxonne by the gentlemen of the Free County and accompanied to Dole, where they made a solemn entry and were invited to a festive reception.

In November 1316, through the death of Louis X and the death of his posthumously born son John I , who was only a few days old, the crown fell to Johanna's husband, at whose side she was crowned on January 9, 1317 together with her husband in Reims Cathedral has been. However, Philip V died on January 3, 1322 at the age of only 28 years, without leaving a living male descendant. His younger brother, Charles IV, now ascended the throne.

Widowed, Johanna ruled over the Free County of Burgundy with the support of her mother. She held court in Gray - one of her father's favorite places to stay, which she had rebuilt after a major fire in 1324 - in her Seigneurie Salins , in Quingey south of Besançon or in the Hôtel de Nesle in Paris, which she bought from her in 1319 Husband had been given. In 1329 she inherited the county of Artois from her mother .

Joan II of Burgundy died in 1330 at the age of about 40 and was buried in the basilica of Saint-Denis in the tomb of the French kings.

Per Testament decreed Johanna selling the "Tour de Nesle" and certain of the proceeds for the ingestion of 20 in need of it at the same time in Paris, coming from Burgundy students of logic and philosophy founded Collège de Bourgogne (see also: Collège ). This was built in the Latin Quarter to the west of the Collège des Premontrés , which opened in 1252, and was located in the rue des Cordeliers (today: rue de l'Ecole de Medecine) opposite the Franciscan monastery Couvent des Cordeliers , from which the street name was derived at the time.

progeny

Johanna and Philipp had five children:

  • Johanna (* 1/2 May 1308; † 10/15 August 1347), 1330 Countess Palatine of Burgundy (Johanna III.) And Countess of Artois (Johanna II.), Married June 18, 1318 Odo IV. (Um 1295–1349), Duke of Burgundy
  • Margarete (around 1309; † May 9, 1382), 1361 Countess Palatine of Burgundy and Countess of Artois, married Ludwig II of Flanders (around 1304–1346), known as Ludwig von Dampierre or Ludwig von Nevers , Count von , on July 21, 1320 Nevers and Count of Flanders
  • Isabella (* probably 1312–1348), married (1) May 18, 1322 Guigues VIII. , Dauphin von Viennois and (2) before 1336 Johann III., Lord of Faucogney ( House of Faucogney )
  • Blanka (* probably 1313; † April 24, 1358)
  • Ludwig (June 24, 1316 - February 24, 1317)

Fiction

  • Marie Cristen: Tower of Lies , novel (2009)

literature

Web links

Commons : Joan II of Burgundy  - collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
Robert Countess Palatine of Burgundy
1315–1330 		Johanna III.
Mathilde Countess of Artois
1329-1330 		Johanna III.
Clementine of Hungary Queen of France
1317-1322 		Blanka of Burgundy
personal data
SURNAME Joan II
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Countess Palatine of Burgundy, Queen of France by marriage
DATE OF BIRTH around 1291
DATE OF DEATH January 21, 1330
Place of death Roye