Josef Zasche (architect)

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Josef Zasche
Zasche's birthplace in Jablonec nad Nisou, Křížová 164/32 (2012)
Former Building of the Sugar Industry Insurance Association in Prague

Josef Zasche (* 9. November 1871 in Jablonec nad Nisou , † 11. October 1957 in Schackensleben ) was a German-Czech architect of Art Nouveau and the Modern , which in the first half of the 20th century in Bohemia , particularly in Prague had .

Live and act

Josef Zasche was the son of the glass cutter Josef Zasche and his wife Franziska geb. Smile. His birthplace in Gablonz, Křížová ul. 164/32, still stands today. After primary school in Gablonz, he studied from 1885 to 1889 at the state trade school in Reichenberg . This school was attended at the same time by the architects Rudolf Bitzan (1872–1938), Robert Hemmrich (1871–1946), Gustav Jirsch (1871–1909) and Adolf Loos . He then studied architecture with Carl von Hasenauer at the Vienna Art Academy and then spent three years in Friedrich Schachner's architectural office .

In 1895 he went to Prague and joined the architectural office of Friedrich Ohmann (1858–1927). In 1911 he married Blanka Kretzschmar (* 1876), they had two daughters. He carried out his first major projects in North and West Bohemia ( Old Catholic Cross Church in Gablonz, Sparkasse in Asch , exhibition pavilion in Reichenberg). In 1906 he received the title of building officer . In Prague he built a villa for the sculptor Karl Wilfert (1879–1932), the so-called Blue House and the House of the Three Horsemen . For the construction of the office building of the Vienna Bank Corporation in Prague, Zasche received the award for the best building in Austria-Hungary in the period 1900–1910. Several of his buildings are now listed .

As an architect of German origin, he maintained friendly relationships with his Czech colleagues Jan Kotěra (1871–1923) and Pavel Janák (1882–1956), with whom he worked on numerous buildings, e.g. B. designed the Rondo Cubist Adria Palace in Prague.

He was also active as a judge in architectural competitions , was a member of the board of trustees of the German section of the Modern Gallery of the Kingdom of Bohemia (forerunner of the National Gallery in Prague ), also a member of the German Society of Sciences and Arts for the Czechoslovak Republic and chairman of the Association of German Architects in Bohemia .

Zasche was interned on May 7, 1945 , his office in Prague's New Town (Mezibranská 1367/21) was looted and his archives destroyed. He was forced to leave Prague and, despite the intercession of his Czech colleagues, was relocated to Germany. He was completely destitute and found modest accommodation in Schackensleben in the Magdeburg region. All attempts to resume his professional activity and thus secure his livelihood failed. He died impoverished in 1957.

After Zasche's life and work received little attention for decades, he is now regarded in the Czech Republic as one of the most important German architects of the pre- and interwar period in Bohemia.

buildings

  • 1900–1902: Old Catholic cruciform church in Gablonz - Jablonec nad Nisou, Husova 1560/2 (Art Nouveau religious building , under monument protection, ÚSKP No. 26276 / 5-31 )
  • 1903–1905: Savings Bank and Business Academy in Aussig - Ústí nad Labem, Pařížská 1670/15
  • 1904: Sparkasse in Asch - Aš, Hlavní 239/23 (today used as a library)
  • 1904–1905: Villa of the sculptor Karl Wilfert, called “Blue House”, in Prague-Holleschowitz - Prague- Holešovice , Na Špejcharu 291/3
  • 1905: German school in Potschapl - Králův Dvůr, Počaply, Plzeňská 104
  • 1905–1906: Villa for Heinrich Dressler in Gablonz - Jablonec nad Nisou, Jugoslávská 1885/13 (today used as a kindergarten)
  • 1906: Tomb for Josef Scheibler in Gablonz - Jablonec nad Nisou
  • 1906: Exhibition pavilion "House of Art" at the German-Bohemian Exhibition in Reichenberg - Liberec
  • 1906–1907: Commercial building for the Prague Iron Industry Company , New Town Prague - Praha-Nové Město, Opletalova 1015/55 (executed by builder Matej Blecha, sculptures by Josef Kocourek and Hans Dietrich)
  • 1906–1908: Commercial building for the Vienna Bank Corporation in the Old Town of Prague - Praha-Staré Město, Na Příkopě 390/3 ((together with Alexander Neumann for the interior design; plastic jewelry by the sculptor Franz Metzner ); today used as a ministry; under monument protection, ÚSKP no. 38461 / 1-192 )
  • 1906–1908: House “To the Three Horsemen” (U tří jezdců) in the New Town of Prague - Praha-Nové Město, Senovážné náměstí 869/28 (named after the relief with three riders in the tympanum of the house, club house of the German House with theater hall , from 1923 to 1944 as a small stage of the New German Theater in Prague, since 1950 puppet theater)
  • 1907–1914: Garden town settlement of the People's Housing Association on Galgenbusch in Teplice - Teplice (Bílá Cesta), ul. Pařížská, Francouzská, Polská and Varšavská
  • 1908: Commercial building for the Bohemian Escompte Bank (Česká eskomptní banka) Aussig - Ústí nad Labem (demolished in 1936)
  • 1908: Concert hall at the anniversary exhibition of the Prague Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Prague (temporary construction)
  • 1910–1911: Villa Giebisch in Gablonz - Jablonec nad Nisou, Korejská 2137/21
  • 1910–1912: Weinmanneum public library in Aussig - Ústí nad Labem (named after Jacob Eduard Weinmann (1852–1928); damaged 1945, demolished in 1947)
  • 1911: Workers' colony for the German-Austrian Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG in Komotau - Chomutov, Grégrova 710/55 (broken off in the 1980s)
  • 1911 Gardener's house, former laundry in the chateau park of Janowitz chateau , Vrchotovy Janovice 40 (under monument protection, ÚSKP No. 18748 / 2-234 )
  • 1911–1912: Commercial building for the Sugar Industry Insurance Association (Asekurační spolek průmyslu cukrovarnického) in the New Town of Prague - Praha-Nové Město, Senovážné náměstí 976 / 31–33 (together with Theodor Fischer ; neo-baroque with cubist and neoclassical elements; -No. 12366 / 1-2194 )
  • 1911–1913: District poor house, called "Empress Elisabeth House", in Komotau - Chomutov, Vinohradská 403 (later polyclinic and seat of the police)
  • 1912: Czech Savings Bank (Česká spořitelna) in Aussig - Ústí nad Labem, čp. 899 (destroyed)
  • 1912–1914: Commercial building for the General Pension Fund (Všeobecný penzijní ústav) in the New Town of Prague - Praha-Nové Město, Rašínovo nábřeží 390/42 (together with Jan Kotěra; under monument protection, ÚSKP no. 40129 / 1-1241 )
  • 1918: Grave of the businessman Carl Neumann in the Jewish cemetery in Reichenberg - Liberec
  • 1920: Villa in Prague-Bubentsch - Prague-Bubeneč, Pod kaštany 545/24
  • 1922–1925: Building for the insurance company Riunione Adriatica di Sicurtà , called "Adria-Palast", in Prague's New Town - Praha-Nové Město, Jungmannova 36/31, Národní 36/40 (together with Pavel Janák; under monument protection, ÚSKP- No. 39848 / 1-1062 )
  • 1923: Villa Wallenfels in Prague-Bubentsch - Praha-Bubeneč, Na Zátorce 807/11
  • 1922–1923: Villa Kantor in Prague-Bubentsch - Praha-Bubeneč, Pod Kaštany 545/24
  • 1929: House for the German Cultural Association in Prague-Holleschowitz - Praha-Holešovice, Šimáčkova 1452 / 14–16 (now Art Primary School (ZUŠ))
  • 1930–1931: Roman Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Gablonz - Jablonec nad Nisou, Horní náměstí 12 (reinforced concrete construction in the style of constructivism ; under monument protection, ÚSKP No. 10627 / 5-30 )
  • 1932: Building with a cinema for the Prague People's Education Association, called "Urania", in the New Town of Prague - Prague-Nové Město, Klimentská 1205/4 (now a studio of the Film and TV Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts )
  • Houses in Králův Dvůr - Königshof (1906), in Teplice - Teplitz (1912) and in Graz (1930)

Gallery of his buildings

  • Old Catholic cruciform church in Jablonec nad Nisou

  • Former savings bank in Ústí nad Labem

  • Former savings bank in Aš

  • “Blue House” in Prague-Holešovice

  • House "To the Three Horsemen" in Prague

  • Adria Palace in Prague

  • Former building of the Vienna Bank Corporation in Prague

  • Former building of the General Pension Fund in Prague

  • Villa Kantor in Prague-Bubeneč

  • Sacred Heart Church in Jablonec nad Nisou

  • Former German school in Počaply

  • Gardener's house in Vrchotovy Janovice

literature

  • Oldřich J. Blažíček : Zasche, Josef . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 36 : Wilhelmy-Zyzywi . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1947, p. 416 .
  • Zasche, Josef . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 5 : V-Z. Supplements: A-G . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1961, p. 198-199 .
  • Rudolf Günther: Josef Zasche. Life picture of an architect. Bogen-Verlag, Munich 1971, ISBN 3-920119-07-X .
  • Zdeněk Lukeš, J. Svoboda, Dieter Klein: The architect Josef Zasche (1871–1957). In: Österreichische Osthefte, Zeitschrift für Mittel-, Ost- und Südosteuropaforschung , 34th year 1992, p. 396 ff.
  • Zdeněk Lukeš: Payment of the debt. German-speaking architects in Prague 1900–1938. (Splátka dluhu. Praha a její německy hovořící architekti 1900–1938) Fraktály Publishers, Praha 2002, ISBN 80-86627-04-7 , pp. 204–213.
  • Jan Hanzlík, Jana Zajoncová, Lanka Hájková: Teplice. Architektura moderní doby 1860–2000. (Teplitz. Modern architecture 1860–2000) Národní památkový ústav, ÚOP Ústí nad Labem 2016, ISBN 978-80-85036-66-4 , p. #.

Web links

Commons : Josef Zasche  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German architecture in Prague 1900–1914 at www.kulturforum.info , accessed on August 28, 2018
  2. ↑ Mesto Jablonec - Architect Zasche (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  3. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Reichenberg, Josef Zasche (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  4. ↑ Archiweb Josef Zasche (tschech.), Accessed on August 28, 2018
  5. ^ Lukeš (2002), p. 204
  6. ↑ Gablonz birth register 1871 , accessed on August 28, 2018
  7. ↑ Eva Rutová: Josef Zasche. Kostel Nejsvětějšího srdce Ježíšova v Jablonci nad Nisou. Diploma thesis, Masarykova univerzita Brno, 2010. (Czech) ( [1] )
  8. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Gablonz, Old Catholic Church (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  9. ↑ Ascher Sparkasse at www.asch-boehmen.de , accessed on August 28, 2018
  10. ^ Wilfert-Villa (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  11. ^ Dressler-Villa (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  12. ^ Hugo Haberfeld : German-Bohemian Art at the Reichenberg Exhibition May — October 1906. In: German Art and Decoration , 19th half-volume (October 1906 to March 1907), pp. 139–160.
  13. ^ German-Bohemian Exhibition 1906 on www.reichenberg.de , accessed on August 28, 2018
  14. ^ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Reichenberg, Pavillon der Kunst (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  15. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz, Garden City (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  16. ↑ Hanzlík (2016), p. 169
  17. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Aussig, Escompte-Bank (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  18. ↑ Concert Hall Prague 1908 at www.andreas-praefcke.de , accessed on August 28, 2018
  19. ^ Giebisch-Villa (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  20. ^ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Aussig, City Library (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  21. ^ Tomb Carl Neumann (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
  22. ^ Lukeš (2002), p. 213
  23. ↑ Herz-Jesu-Kirche Gablonz (Czech), accessed on August 28, 2018
personal data
SURNAME Zasche, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Bohemian architect
DATE OF BIRTH November 9, 1871
PLACE OF BIRTH Gablonz on the Neisse
DATE OF DEATH October 11, 1957
Place of death Schackensleben