Julius Carlebach (art dealer)

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Julius Carlebach , actually Joseph Hirsch Zwi Carlebach ( July 28, 1909 in Lübeck - October 13, 1964 in New York City ) was a German-American ethnologist and art dealer .

Life

Origin and family

Julius Carlebach was a son of the Lübeck banker Alexander Carlebach (1872–1926) and his wife Sonja, born in Moscow, from Moscow. Persitz (1887 Moscow - 1955 Los Angeles). The Carlebachs were a large and well-known neo-orthodox rabbi family . Rabbis Salomon Carlebach and Esther Carlebach were his paternal grandparents; five of his uncles, including Emanuel Carlebach , Ephraim Carlebach and Joseph Carlebach , also became rabbis, as were several of his cousins, including Felix F. Carlebach , Julius Carlebach and Shlomo Carlebach . Ezriel Carlebach and Chaim Cohn were also cousins.

Lübeck, Berlin, Hamburg and Vienna

As a teenager, he acquired an interest in ethnological objects through visits to the Lübeck ethnological collection in the Museum am Dom . He studied art history and ethnology at the universities of Berlin, Vienna and Hamburg . While he was still studying and to finance it, he dealt with Ethnografica and Judaica . In 1931/1932 he set up a Jewish department in the Lübeck Ethnographic Museum. This collection of over 100 exhibits, apart from a few objects from the museum's collection, which can be traced back to the collection of Mayor Lindenberg , was procured by himself. With its mixture of folklore and ethnographic aspects, the new department was intended to provide an overview of Jewish religious practice and customs in the house and in the synagogue . His goal was to explain all Jewish customs in the museum in order to counter anti-Semitism and to awaken understanding of Jewish culture in his hometown . The collection, which was conceived as a permanent exhibition and which the Lübeck Rabbi David Alexander Winter opened with a lecture on May 8, 1932, initially received little attention from the press and the public in Lübeck. It soon came to the museum depot and thus survived the National Socialist era and the air raid on Lübeck in 1942, which destroyed the museum.

In 1933 Julius Carlebach moved from Hamburg to Berlin and founded a gallery there. In 1936 he married Josepha, b. Silberstein (1901 Berlin - 2000 Huntington (New York) ).

new York

In 1937 he managed to emigrate to the United States. Two paintings from his inventory were auctioned in April 1937 at Rudolph Lepke's Kunst-Auctions-Haus . Carlebach settled in New York City and opened an antiques and tribal art shop on Third Avenue in 1939 . He was particularly known for his objects from the Pacific First Nations , which he marketed in collaboration with George Gustav Heye , whose large collection later formed the core of the National Museum of the American Indian . Heye had in 1929 from the University of Hamburg the honorary doctorate obtained.

Many surrealistic artists who had found a new home in New York, such as Max Ernst , André Breton and Robert Lebel , bought masks and other art objects from him . For Claude Lévi-Strauss , Carlebach's shop was comparable to the treasury in the Ali Baba cave ( caverne d'Ali Baba ), and Peggy Guggenheim reports how Carlebach helped Max Ernst to acquire his collection on credit, from which she selected individual pieces in her 1942 exhibition Art of This Century showed. From the early 1940s to the early 1960s, Carlebach was New York's most influential gallery owner in the field of Native American art and ethnographic objects from around the world.

"I happened to visit the Carlebach Gallery in New York and found it full of beautifully carved objects, which were strong, expressive, and aesthetically satisfying. It was as though a whole new world of art had opened to me, and I became convinced that art from the Melanesian islands was of the highest quality and should be ranked with that of the other great art producing areas of the world. "

- Art collector Morton D. May : Foreword to an exhibition catalog after a visit in 1960

In addition, Carlebach traded in Franconian primers , antique chess sets and promoted young artists through exhibitions. From April 30 to May 12, 1951, Roy Lichtenstein had his first solo exhibition at the Carlebach Gallery at 937 Third Avenue. The artist's early work was shown: lithographs and etchings, as well as found objects and objects made of wood and metal, as well as semi-abstract paintings in mauve, blue and pink. The exhibition attracted a great deal of attention from the New York public; Art news critic Lawrence Cambell gave the works in the exhibition a “... completely ingenious way of looking at thinks”. However, it was Carlebach's last exhibition of modern American art. From then on he concentrated again on his traditional collecting area and Indian art.

In 1958 the gallery moved to larger premises at 1040 Madison Avenue on the corner of 79th Street.

Carlebach died of a heart attack at the age of 55 - a week after stealing a valuable 17th-century statue from Benin from his gallery. The memorial service took place in the Riverside Memorial Chapel on the Upper West Side . His wife and business partner Josepha Carlebach continued the company for some time. She died at the age of 99 on August 15, 2000 in Huntington , Long Island .

Aftermath

Figure of the Catch , acquired in 1951 from the Brooklyn Museum through the Carlebach Gallery

Works of art with provenance from his trade can be found in many collections and museums worldwide, including the Musée de l'Homme in Paris , the National Gallery of Australia in Canberra from the Ernst estate, the Reichsmuseum für Völkerkunde and in the USA in the Brooklyn Museum and at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, Walters Art Museum in Baltimore , Fenimore Art Museum in Cooperstown (New York) , Los Angeles County Museum of Art and the Saint Louis Art Museum . Carlebach encouraged his customers to donate objects to museums, especially those at universities. These included the Museum of Art and Archeology at the University of Missouri in Columbia (Missouri) , the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania , to which he brokered a gift from Helena Rubinstein , and the University of Delaware .

Catalogs and exhibitions

Carlebach Gallery (incomplete)

  • The First Communication , Julius Carlebach Gallery, 1947
  • [Peter] Busa: March 22 thru April 10th , Carlebach Gallery, 1948
  • Carl Podszus , Carlebach Gallery, 1948
  • Charles Seliger: recent paintings and drawings: April 26th to May 6th , Carlebach Gallery, 1948
  • Popular Artists of Haiti: Haitian Art Center of New York: October 9th-23rd, at Carlebach's Haitian Art Center of New York , Carlebach Gallery, 1948
  • Markowitz , Carlebach Gallery, 1949
  • Hilde Weingarten , Carlebach Gallery, 1949
  • Hazel McKinley , Carlebach Gallery, 1949
  • Seong Moy , Carlebach Gallery, 1949
  • Meichel Pressman , Carlebach Gallery, 1949
  • Sidney Rifkin. , Carlebach Gallery, [1949]
  • Joachim H. Themal , Carlebach Gallery, 1949
  • Angelo di Benedetto. , Carlebach Gallery, 1950
  • Albert Freudenberg , Carlebach Gallery, 1950
  • Thomas Hughes Ingle , Carlebach Gallery, 1950
  • Lee Porzio , Carlebach Gallery, 1950
  • Warner Prins , Carlebach Gallery, 1950
  • Schames, a Monument to Hitler's Infamy: Feb. 28-Mar. 18 , Carlebach Gallery, 1950
  • Streeter Blair: California Primitive, Oct. 23-Nov. 11 , Carlebach Gallery, 1950
  • Lichtenstein , Carlebach Gallery, 1951
  • The Carlebach Gallery of New York Presents an Exhibition of Rare and Beautiful Chess Sets: In Conjunction with the First Canadian "open" Chess Championship Tournament, Montreal 1956 at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts .... , Montreal Museum of Fine Arts , Montreal 1956

Third-party settlement catalogs (incomplete)

  • Rudolph Lepke: paintings by old and new masters: antiques and applied arts ; April 9 and 10, 1937, Berlin 1937 ( digitized version )
  • Parke-Bernet : Pre-Columbian and North-American Indian Art - Property of the Carlebach Gallery - Public Auction Saturday May 17 1969 , Paperback, New York 1969

Fonts

  • Museum “Co-Ops” in: Curator: The Museum Journal . Volume 1, Issue 3, Summer 1958, pp. 67-69 ( digitized version )

Web links

Commons : Julius Carlebach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The Joel-Adler-Carlebach Families. Jerusalem 1996, p. 138
  2. ^ Exhibition on Jewish life - Julius Carlebach Collection , press release from the Hanseatic City of Lübeck on November 8, 2011, accessed on June 1, 2015
  3. ↑ Von der Rolle Bad Segeberg: The community receives the Sefer Torah back from the museum in: Jüdische Allgemeine from May 17, 2007
  4. ↑ Discovering Worlds , press release from June 25, 2011, accessed on June 2, 2015
  5. ^ Davis Alexander Winter: Jewish cult in family and worship - with photographs , lecture
  6. ↑ It was only worth a report for the Hamburg Foreign Journal.
  7. ^ The Joel-Adler-Carlebach Families. Jerusalem 1996, p. 138
  8. ^ List of the objects submitted by Julius Carlebach to the Lost Art database ; Lepke Catalog 2112: Paintings by old and new masters: antiques and applied arts ; April 9 and 10, 1937 ( digitized version )
  9. ↑ on Ernst see: Christine Dixon: Max Ernst, artist and collector , in: Susan Cochrane, Max Quanchi (Ed.): Hunting the Collectors: Pacific Collections in Australian Museums, Art Galleries and Archives. 2nd edition, Newcastle upon Thyme: Cambridge Scholars Publishing 2013 ISBN 978-1-4438-4828-2 , pp. 267-280, here p. 269; Werner Spies : Vox Angelica - Max Ernst and the Surrealists in America. Hanser, Munich 2014
  10. ↑ Michel Izard: Claude Lévi-Strauss. Paris: Editions de l'Herne 2004 ISBN 978-2-85197-096-1 , p. 114, cf. also Art of the Far North , Der Standard, August 23, 2007, accessed June 1, 2015; Presumably, the quote from the cavern from which Carlebach emerged with his treasures originally refers to the warehouse of the Heyes Collection in the Bronx
  11. ^ Peggy Guggenheim: Out of this Century: The Informal Memoirs of Peggy Guggenheim. New York 1946, p. 305
  12. ↑ From the 1940s to the early 1960s, Carlebach was the most influential New York gallery owner specializing in American Indian art. Fenimore Art Museum ( Memento of the original from August 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / collections.fenimoreartmuseum.org
  13. ^ Lee A. Parsons, Ritual Arts of the South Seas: The Morton D. May Collection , Saint Louis Art Museum , Saint Louis (Missouri) 1975
  14. ↑ See the examples in the Commons category
  15. ^ Lichtenstein , Carlebach Gallery, New York 1951 (catalog)
  16. ↑ Eric Shakes: Pop Art - Art of century collection , Parkstone International, 2009 ISBN 978-1-84484-619-1 , p. 84
  17. ^ Ernst A. Busche: Roy Lichtenstein - Das Frühwerk 1942–1960 , Gebr. Mann, Berlin, 1988 ISBN 978-3-7861-1488-8 , p. 19
  18. ↑ Internet site of the Lichtenstein Fondation ( Memento of the original from June 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lichtensteinfoundation.org
  19. ^ Julius Carlebach, of Gallery Featuring Primitives, Is Dead , New York Times, October 14, 1964, accessed June 1, 2015
  20. ^ Sculptures, Africa, Asia, Oceania, Americas: Musée de Louvre, Pavillon des Sessions (exhibition catalog) Paris 2001 ISBN 978-2-7118-4234-6 , p. 31
  21. ↑ Pendant: Figure
  22. ↑ Kachina Doll ( Memento of the original from August 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / collections.fenimoreartmuseum.org
  23. ↑ Shoulder Mask (d'mba)  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.slam.org  
  24. ^ Two early supporters, Julius Carlebach and Samuel Eilenberg, played major roles in this development. Carlebach was a New York art dealer who encouraged his clients to donate to the Museum.
  25. ↑ More on Madame Rubinstein with a photo of her tribal art collection acquired from Carlebach
  26. ↑ John Stephens Crawford (ed.): Ancient Art at the University of Delaware: An Exhibition at the University Gallery, February 12-March 31, 1987. University of Delaware 1987, pp. 7f


personal data
SURNAME Carlebach, Julius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Carlebach, Joseph Hirsch Zwi (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-American ethnologist and art dealer
DATE OF BIRTH July 28, 1909
PLACE OF BIRTH Lübeck
DATE OF DEATH October 13, 1964
Place of death New York City