Julius Knoevenagel

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Julius Knoevenagel, around 1880

Julius Knoevenagel (also: Julius Knövenagel ; * 1832 in Linden ; † 1914 ) was a German chemist , stenographer , entrepreneur and in the 19th century the first dealer for photographic accessories and preparations in Hanover and Linden .

Life

Julius Knoevenagel was the brother of the mechanical engineer Albert Knoevenagel , who was born in 1825 in what was then Landsberg an der Warthe , and the son of a judicial officer, the patrimonial judge Theodor Knoevenagel , a descendant of a family known in Perleberg who provided several council members there . Knoevenagel's mother was Therese , née Rückart .

Until 1860 Julius Knoevenagel, who studied as a Dr. phil. apparently had already become a trained chemist, just like his colleague Eugen de Haën in Saarau in Silesia , and there in the Silesia chemical factory . On the advice of his brother Albert, who founded the A. Knoevenagel Maschinenfabrik, Eisengießerei and others at Falkenstrasse 11 in Linden as early as 1856 . Boilermakers had founded, Julius Knoevenagel also went back to his hometown of Linden, where he founded a laboratory for chemical preparations, supported by the dragged with him to Linden de Haen. Knoevenagel did not take up residence in Hanover , the royal seat of the Kingdom of Hanover , but in Linden, which was developing on the way to becoming an industrial city . Right next to the factory of his brother August, who produced at Falkenstrasse 11 , Julius Knoevenagel founded the Chemische Fabrik Dr. together with Eugen de Haën on the property Falkenstrasse 9 in 1861. Eugen de Haen & Cie.

In 1864 Knoevenagel published the second, enlarged and improved edition of his comparative textbook Redezeichenkunst und Deutsch Kurzschrift . A parallel between the shorthands by FX Gabelsberger and Wilhelm Stolze .

Julius Knoevenagel's wife Friederike , daughter of the Linden car manufacturer Jacobi , gave birth to their son Emil Knoevenagel on July 18, 1865 . In the same year, Julius Knoevenagel had founded the first Photographic Association in Hanover shortly before , as the magazine Photographische Mitteilungen des - older - Photographische Verein zu Berlin reported at the end of the year.

Revers for the “Photogr. Institut F. Reinecke ”from the“ Lith. Anstalt v. J. Knoevenagel, Hanover "

In the year the empire was founded and the founding period that began immediately , Julius Knoevenagel was listed in the address book of the city of Hanover from 1872 as the first owner of a factory and a warehouse for photographic articles. In his laboratory especially for chemical preparations, he now also produced "[..] light-sensitive photographic emulsions with which - well into the 80 years - photographers coated and further processed their recording plates themselves." Knoevenagel quickly expanded his range of products other chemicals such as fixing salt mixtures, attenuators, intensifiers and retouching agents , and soon he developed the complete product range "[...] a real photo shop in which first the photographers and later also amateurs could buy passe-partouts and picture frames, photo albums and photo accessories" . In addition, Knoevenagel ran a " lithographic establishment " in Hanover , primarily for printing the lapels of cardboard carriers for portraits, particularly for Hanoverian photographers.

  • Lapel by Knoevenagel for Georg Rudloff

  • Revers for Heinrich Richers

  • Revers for Wilhelm Ernst

Knoevenagel faced competition in and around Hanover as early as the 1870s, initially from Messrs. Federlein senior and Federlein junior , who soon expanded their initial range of picture frames to include photographic accessories. However, the company Central- Manufaktur all photographic articles, named in 1883 by Siegmund Federlein , was for the most part a sales outlet for articles from other accessory factories.

“The appearance of the first photo amateurs prompted other entrepreneurs to devote themselves to the accessories business”, so that the Hanover address book from 1900 named nine such “photographic apparatus factories and dealers”.

Meanwhile belonged on January 28, 1888 Julius Knoevenagel together with the photographer Ernst Alpers, , Bruno Berger , Wilhelm Degele , Hermann Möbus and George Rudloff the preparatory committee for the second and start-up of the Photographic Association to Hannover in Hotel Hartmann . On October 1st of that year the association had 45 members, 33 of them from Hanover and 12 from the surrounding area. In addition to the major and court marshal a. D. Freiherr von Hammerstein as chairman took over the positions of bookkeeper and assessors Julius Knoevenagel as well as Wilhelm Degèle and Karl Friedrich Wunder . As early as the following year, the member Georg Alpers junior reported in the association organ Deutsche Photographen-Zeitung about the establishment of a technical school for photography as an evening school, in which Julius Knoevenagel - alongside Alpers junior and Rudloff - taught , for example, natural science .

After Hammerstein's death in 1893, Julius Knoevenagel was elected as his successor as chairman of the Photographisches Verein zu Hannover, an office that he held until 1897.

Fonts (selection)

  • Speech drawing and German shorthand. A parallel between the shorthands by FX Gabelsberger and Wilhelm Stolze , Hanover: Schäfer, 1864

literature

  • Claus Priesner :  Knoevenagel, Emil. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 206 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Herrmann AL Degener (Ed.): Who is it? Our contemporaries. Biographies and bibliographies. Information about origin, family, curriculum vitae, works, favorite occupations, party affiliation, membership in societies, address. Other communications of interest , 1912
  • M. Heiner Ramstetter: Eugen de Haën. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter , New Series, Vol. 20 (1966), pp. 107–190; Preview over google books
  • Ludwig Hoerner : The "Photographische Verein zu Hanover 1888 to 1903" , in ders .: Photography and Photographers in Hanover and Hildesheim. Festschrift for the 150th birthday of photography , ed. by the Hanover and Hildesheim photographers' guilds, produced in the Bad Pyrmont vocational training center for typesetting, reproduction photography, printing forme production, flat printing and bookbinding as part of retraining, 1989, pp. 11-27

Web links

Commons : Julius Knoevenagel  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Claus Priesner :  Knoevenagel, Emil. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 206 f. ( Digitized version ).
  2. ↑ a b c M. Heiner Ramstetter: Eugen de Haën. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter , New Series, Vol. 20 (1966), pp. 107–190; Preview over google books
  3. ↑ a b c Waldemar R. Röhrbein : Haën, Eugen de. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , p. 145; online through google books
  4. ↑ a b c d e Ludwig Hoerner: Photographic article actions , in which: Agents, Bader and Copisten. Hannoversches Gewerbe-ABC 1800–1900 . Ed .: Hannoversche Volksbank , Reichold, Hannover 1995, ISBN 3-930459-09-4 , p. 368f.
  5. ↑ Wolfgang Leonhardt : "Hanoverian Stories". Reports from different parts of the city. Working group district history List . Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2009/2010, ISBN 978-3-8391-5437-3 , p. 235; online through google books
  6. ↑ Waldemar R. Röhrbein : Knovenagel, Albert , and Knoevenagel GmbH & Co. KG. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 357.
  7. ^ A b Albert Gieseler: A. Knoevenagel machine factory, iron foundry a. Kesselschmiede on the website albert-gieseler.de , last accessed on June 19, 2016
  8. ^ Klaus Mlynek : Capital (function). In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 274
  9. ^ Klaus Mlynek: Linden. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 406ff.
  10. ^ A b c Ludwig Hoerner: The "Photographische Verein zu Hanover 1888 to 1903" , in ders .: Photography and Photographers in Hanover and Hildesheim. Festschrift for the 150th birthday of photography , ed. by the Hanover and Hildesheim photographers' guilds, produced in the Bad Pyrmont vocational training center for typesetting, reproduction photography, printing forme production, flat printing and bookbinding as part of retraining, 1989, pp. 11-27
  11. ↑ Compare, for example, the lapel of such a photo cardboard for the photographer Friedrich Reinecke
personal data
SURNAME Knoevenagel, Julius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Knövenagel, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist and entrepreneur as well as a pioneer of photo technology
DATE OF BIRTH 1832
PLACE OF BIRTH Linden trees in front of Hanover
DATE OF DEATH 1914