Judicial officer

Police sergeant is the service or official title for officials of the simple service in the administration of justice of the federal states of the Federal Republic of Germany , with the exception of Hesse and Thuringia , where police sergeant the Middle service members. Simple service has been abolished in North Rhine-Westphalia. The four career groups of simple, middle, upper and higher service have been rearranged into two career groups since July 1, 2016. The new career group two includes the previous careers of the upper and higher service, group one those of the simple and middle service. There are different entry-level offices within the career group, depending on the preliminary and training.

job profile

Justizwachtmeister are civil servants working in courts and public prosecutors or employees entrusted with these tasks.

Officials of the judicial police sergeant are law enforcement officers of the state and authorized to exercise direct coercion in the exercise of public authority within the framework of the existing legal and administrative regulations . They are responsible for carrying out sovereign tasks within the judiciary. However, they can also be assigned other tasks for other career groups. Details are regulated in the respective law enforcement officers of the federal states, which are issued as implementing regulations by the justice ministries of the federal states.

Your tasks include meeting , demonstration , security and stewardship. They bring the detainees to court appointments and meetings and guard them. In some cases (not nationwide) they carry out the entrance controls in the court and public prosecutor's offices (permanently or temporarily).

In particular, they are responsible for the enforcement of law and order in the court and public prosecutor's office buildings, acting on their own resolution (regulated in the administrative enforcement laws and the police sergeant's regulations of the federal states) and on the instructions of superiors. The lawfulness of the use of direct coercion, which is usually expressed through simple physical violence or the use of handcuffs or handcuffs, is also regulated by the aforementioned laws. This application of direct coercion by the judicial officer is similar to that of the police. The authority to use direct coercion only extends to the respective service building and the associated outdoor area. The exception is the execution of "presentation orders" (these are orders from the court against witnesses who did not appear at court hearings in civil proceedings). This must be distinguished from processes to be carried out by police officers (arrest warrants, presentations in criminal proceedings). In the field service, the law enforcement officers are also responsible for the delivery of documents and the verbal transmission of official communications.

In some federal states the law enforcement officers are equipped with irritant spray devices (similar to the pepper spray ) or baton (EKA - cane short extendable) or similar to the police with tonfa , e.g. B. Hanseatic City of Bremen.

In addition, they are usually responsible for the management of incoming and outgoing mail as well as the transport and circulation of files and any necessary duplication. They can also be assigned the management of the file archives and the sorting and destruction of files.

The following are also often transmitted:

• the provision of information in the service buildings
• the telephone switching service
• managing office and packaging materials, court cost stamps, equipment inventories and in-house libraries
• the transport of valuables, mail and money, in special cases with service weapons, depending on their value. (not nationwide)

To an increasing extent, they also do caretaker-like tasks, because, for cost reasons, the full-time caretakers (not nationwide) have been saved. That is why a completed vocational training is usually required for job advertisements.

In addition, in some countries the police officers at the designated court keep weapons that have been confiscated by the law enforcement authorities. In addition, evidence is generally stored at many public prosecutor's offices and, among other things, administered by law enforcement officers. They also work as company car drivers, who are also responsible for car maintenance.

education

The training of law enforcement officers is the responsibility of the states and for this reason is not uniform across the country . The duration of the training is regulated the same everywhere, it is 6 months. It includes both theoretical and practical training content. Depending on the country, the theoretical training is given either to courts and public prosecutors or to educational institutions of the judiciary . The following table gives an overview.

country	theory	practice
Baden-Württemberg	3-month training course in law enforcement school in Mannheim	Months of practice and a. at regional courts, sitting in on an SGS, in a correctional facility and police station
Bavaria	11-week theoretical course at the Bavarian Justice School Pegnitz with shooting training	at courts, public prosecutor's offices; 2 weeks at a prison and police station
Berlin	Specialist course of 6 weeks	in prison and at courts, public prosecutor's offices
Brandenburg	4 weeks theoretical training at the Justice Academy in Königs Wusterhausen	1 month in prison and at courts, public prosecutor's offices
Bremen	in courts	in prison and at courts, public prosecutor's offices
Hamburg	4 weeks theory course at the University of Applied Sciences for public. Administration, police and administration of justice for the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in Güstrow	at different courts (district, regional and higher regional court) 5 months with changing practice stations, observation in prison
Hesse	9 weeks of theoretical training at the Justice and Finance Academy in Rotenburg ad Fulda in Wiesbaden	in prison and at courts, public prosecutor's offices
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania	in the 4th month of training course of min. 120h at the OLG or another authority	of dishes, min. one month at a public prosecutor's office, up to one month at a prison
Lower Saxony	Training of 1 month in the premises of the youth detention center Hameln or in the SiN (study institute Lower Saxony) Bad Münder	in courts, public prosecutors
North Rhine-Westphalia	8-week course in the NRW Justice Training Center in Monschau	at courts, public prosecutor's offices, 4 weeks in a prison (partly with shooting training)
Rhineland-Palatinate	in courts, course in the Monschau educational center with NRW	at courts, public prosecutor's offices, 3-day stay at a prison
Saarland	of dishes (32 hours)	at courts and public prosecutors as well as one month in the Saarbrücken prison
Saxony	Bobritzsch training center (60 hours)	to courts and public prosecutors, up to a month in a prison
Saxony-Anhalt	11-week theoretical course at the Bavarian Justice School  Pegnitz  with shooting training	at courts, public prosecutor's offices; 2 weeks at a prison and police station
Schleswig-Holstein	of dishes (60 hours)	to courts and public prosecutors as well as up to 2 weeks in a prison
Thuringia	in the 4th month of training, course of at least 105 hours at the OLG or another authority	to courts and public prosecutors as well as up to a month in a prison

Determination of aptitude

There is no career test in ordinary service; instead, the qualification is determined by the training manager. In Baden-Württemberg, this qualification is determined by the president of the competent higher regional court, who is guided by the report of the training agency and the three written papers that the candidate prepares during the training. If the qualification is not awarded, the preparatory service must be extended (to a maximum of one year) and the content of the specialization is determined.

Furnishing

If one counts the work clothing or uniform as well as the aids for the application of the direct coercion as equipment, the picture here is also quite inconsistent across Germany, especially with clothing. For example, some countries grant subsidies for the purchase of work clothing, while in other countries the sergeants get their uniforms from the employer. The following table explains the differences in more detail.

country	Uniforms, uniform	Tools for applying immediate coercion	other equipment
Lower Saxony	Clothing is (night) blue (like the police) and may only be obtained from the Lower Saxony logistics center. The coat of arms of Lower Saxony with the inscription "Justice" is worn on both sides of the upper arm. The respective valid uniform regulations of the judicial administration must be observed. Last changed on January 1, 2009.	Handcuffs, ankle cuffs, pepper spray, EKA baton	Multipurpose belts, protective vests, radios, cell phones, mobile metal detectors, hand probes
North Rhine-Westphalia	From November 2012 the same blue uniform as the police, with the NRW coat of arms and the words “Justice”.	All: handcuffs; partly ankle cuffs, lead chain, baton.	Stationary metal detectors in all courts and public prosecutor's offices, deployment paddocks, additional hand probes, protective vests and radios for all employees.
Rhineland-Palatinate	The same clothing as the Rhineland-Palatinate police. The Hessen uniform is worn, consisting of a shirt (1/1 arm, 1/2 arm), polo shirt, anorak and windbreaker, each with a coat of arms-shaped fleece tape on the left upper sleeve or, in the case of the knitted and fleece jacket, on the left breast pocket with Velcro national emblems with the state coat of arms from RP and the inscription "JUSTIZ". On the anorak and windbreaker there is also a Velcro chest and back shield with the inscription "JUSTIZ". There are also blue patrol trousers in summer and winter versions and a baseball cap as headgear.	Handcuffs, ankle cuffs, lead chain, pepper spray, baton	Radios, mobile metal detectors, hand probes
Berlin	The same blue uniform as the police, only with the Berlin coat of arms with the inscription "Justiz" on the left side of the upper arm and the inscription "Justiz" on the back and the right side of the chest.	Handcuffs, ankle cuffs, lead chain, waist belt, pepper spray, baton.	Radios, hand probes, stationary metal detectors, stationary x-ray machines, bullet-proof and stab-proof protective vests, tactile gloves, cut-resistant gloves, helmets, shields, leg and upper body protectors, spit hood.

Official titles and salaries

In general, civil servants in the judiciary are grouped together as sergeants . As a rule, he completes a 6-month preparatory service as a "Chief Justice Candidate". When he was accepted into the civil service on probation , he was given the title of “Justizoberwachtmeister z. A. “(for employment). This probationary relationship lasts at least six months and ends when the civil servant is employed and when the age limit is reached, when the civil servant is accepted for life. From now on, the official bears the official title of Chief Justice Officer ( salary group A 3 ). Further official titles are Justizhauptwachtmeister (A 4) and First Justizhauptwachtmeister (A 5 and A 6). In the meantime, new top offices according to A 7 (except Brandenburg, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) have been introduced in the test-free increase in use. The official titles were mostly (Bayern Justizbetriebsobersekretär) Justizobersekretär in the administrative service. In Bavaria (main secretary of justice operations) and Hesse (main secretary of justice in administration) even up to A 8. These offices can be obtained according to the relevant promotion standards and service hours.

The lowest salary groups A 3 and A 4, which are located not far from the minimum wage, will be abolished in North Rhine-Westphalia from July 1, 2016, according to the application, then the judicial officer begins with the classification A5.

From January 1, 2017, Rhineland-Palatinate will raise the grade A 3 to the grade A 4. From then on, the salary group A3 will no longer be shown as the entrance office in this federal state according to the traffic light coalition agreement for 2017. More details can be found in the dbb magazine from September 2016 - 67th year.

The police sergeant in Schleswig-Holstein is an exception to this. Until 2009, all civil servants were promoted to the A 6 final office there. This is probably due to the lowering of the pension to 65%, since all other offices of the ordinary service would not even reach the minimum pension rate (§ 14 Abs. 4 Satz 2, 3 Beamtenversorgungsgesetz , BeamtVG) of 1260.47 €.

Advocacy

The interests of the police officers are represented in Germany by several organizations:

• German Justice Union (DJG) in the German Association of Civil Servants , which has its own specialist area in many regional associations or is responsible for police officers,
• United Service Union (ver.di) (previously ÖTV ) in the German Trade Union Confederation (here Department 06 Federal / State, Department of Justice)
• "Federal Association of Justizwachtmeister e. V. "(founded at federal level February 13, 1979 in Bonn) with the following regional associations:

country	Establishment date	Number of members (as of June 2007)
Bavaria	March 18, 1978	465
Brandenburg	November 26, 1992	50
Bremen	April 4, 1951	52
Hesse	December 16, 1985	261
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania	Established October 16, 1996, disbanded in 2000	last 12
Lower Saxony	March 27, 1980	235
North Rhine-Westphalia	October 29, 1977	313
Rhineland-Palatinate	17th January 1985	267
Saarland	February 23, 1983	45
Saxony	January 29, 1993	62
Saxony-Anhalt	June 25, 1993	56
Schleswig-Holstein	April 24, 1979	73
Thuringia	October 8, 1994	60
total		1934

Individual evidence

1. ↑ https://www.justiz.nrw.de/Mitteilungen/2016_06_13_Dienstrechtsreform/index.ph  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
2. ↑ AOJwD of July 18, 1994
3. ↑ JWmDAO HA of August 16, 1988
4. ↑ JWAVO MV of November 14, 1997
5. ↑ Service regulations for the police sergeant in North Rhine-Westphalia from November 12, 1999
6. ↑ AOeJD of June 7, 2005
7. ↑ ThürAOeJD of August 7, 1996
8. ↑ Thomas Reisener: Düsseldorf: quota of women for senior civil servants in NRW. In: RP ONLINE. Retrieved August 29, 2016 . 
9. ^ Ministry of Justice of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia: NRW Justice: State Parliament decides on changes to the service law. In: www.justiz.nrw.de. Archived from the original on June 17, 2016 ; accessed on August 29, 2016 . 
10. ↑ New NRW service law comes into force on July 1st, 2016 - The details! Retrieved August 29, 2016 . 
11. ↑ dbb magazine 9/2016 . ( dbb.de [accessed on October 19, 2016]).
12. ↑ Data from the State Association of Justizwachtmeister Lower Saxony e. V.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
13. ↑ Data from the State Association of Justizwachtmeister Lower Saxony e. V.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF)