Limestone cinquefoil

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Limestone cinquefoil
Limestone cinquefoil (Potentilla caulescens)

Limestone cinquefoil ( Potentilla caulescens )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Rose-like (rosales)
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Rosoideae
Genre : Finger herbs ( potentilla )
Type : Limestone cinquefoil
Scientific name
Potentilla caulescens
L.

The limestone-finger herb ( Potentilla caulescens ), also stem-finger herb or Vielstängeliges finger herb called, is a plant from the genus of Potentilla ( Potentilla ) in the family of Rosaceae (Rosaceae).

description

Illustration from Atlas of Alpine Flora
Stalked, hairy leaves
Bloom in detail

Vegetative characteristics

The limestone cinquefoil is a wintering green, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 10 to 30 centimeters. The plant specimens are lying or hanging on the rock. There are many dead leaves from previous years at the base of the stalk. The above-ground parts of the plant are hairy and silky. It usually has overhanging stems .

The basal leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is relatively long with a length of 2 to 8 (to 12) centimeters. The leaf blades are (three to seven) fingered mostly in five parts. The upper side bare, silky (to glandular) hairy underside is obovate with a length of 1.5 to 3.5 centimeters with a truncated upper end and they each have two to seven unequal, inclined marginal teeth.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to September. Usually three to seven, rarely only two flowers stand together in a long-stalked trugdoldigen inflorescence .

The hermaphroditic flowers are 15 to 25 millimeters in diameter and are radially symmetrical and five-fold. The five green sepals and sepals are hardly shorter than the petals. The five free, never overlapping, white petals are 7 to 9 millimeters long and obovate with a wedge-shaped base and only slightly edged at the tip. The many stamens are strikingly together, the stamens are hairy and the anthers are yellowish. The stylus is yellowish.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.

Habit and five-fold flower

ecology

The limestone cinquefoil is a hemicryptophyte and half-rosette plant. It is a deep-rooted crevice plant.

Occurrence

The distribution area of the species Potentilla caulescens with its four subspecies includes the Alps and the mountains of southern Europe as well as the North African Atlas .

In Austria , Potentilla caulescens subsp. caulescens absent- minded and absent in Vienna and Burgenland.

In Germany, Potentilla caulescens subsp. caulescens are moderately common in the Alps and there are also locations in the Alpine foothills. It was rated as not endangered in the list of endangered plant species in Germany in 1996 and is also not endangered in Bavaria.

Potentilla caulescens subsp. caulescens is not considered endangered in Switzerland. It thrives in the collinous subalpine, rarely up to alpine altitude level in the Swiss Alps , Swiss plateau and in the Swiss Jura (only canton Neuchâtel).

The limestone cinquefoil is the main species of the montane limestone crevice society. In terms of plant sociology , it is a character species of the Potentilletum caulescentis in Central Europe , but also occurs supra-regionally in other societies of the order Potentilletalia caulescentis. This limestone species only thrives on limestone rocks and overhangs from the valley to altitudes of 2600 meters. In the Allgäu Alps in Bavaria, it rises on the south ridge of the Rauhhorn east of Hinterstein to an altitude of 2250 meters.

The limestone cinquefoil thrives best on calcareous and stony soils that are poor in fine soil and humus .

It is a pronounced crevice plant. It still grows on the steepest, even on overhanging rock walls that are less than 1 centimeter wide. It penetrates this extremely deeply. The rhizome and roots can widen such crevices over time, or they can adapt to them by growing laterally flattened.

Systematics and distribution

The species name Potentilla caulescens was first published in 1756 by Carl von Linné in Centuria II. Plantarum quam consensu experientiss , p. 19. Synonyms for Potentilla caulescens L. are: Fragaria caulescens (L.) Crantz , Trichothalamus caulescens (L.) Spreng. , Fragariastrum caulescens (L.) Schur .

Of Potentilla caulescens there are about four subspecies:

  • Potentilla caulescens L. subsp. caulescens (Syn .: Dasiphora jacquinii Raf. nom. illeg., Fragariastrum petiolulatum (Gaudin) Schur , Potentilla kristofiana Zimmeter , Potentilla petiolulata Gaudin , Potentilla petiolulosa (Ser.) Strobl nom. illeg., Potentilla petrophila Boiss. , Trichothalamus petiniolulatus (Gaudin ) Fourr. , Potentilla caulescens subsp. cebennensis (Debeaux) Kerguélen , Potentilla caulescens subsp. iserensis Soják , Potentilla caulescens subsp. petiolulata (Gaudin) Nyman , Potentilla caulescens subsp. petiolulosa (Ser.) Arcang. , Potentilla caulescens subsp. petrophila (Boiss .) Nyman ): It occurs from western to central and southern to southeastern Europe.
  • Potentilla caulescens subsp. achhalii Romo : It was first described from Morocco in 1996 .
  • Potentilla caulescens subsp. djurjurae (Chabert) Romo (Syn .: Potentilla caulescens var. djurjurae Chabert ): It occurs in Algeria .
  • Potentilla caulescens subsp. nebrodensis (Zimmeter) Arrigoni (Syn .: Potentilla nebrodensis Zimmeter ): It occurs in Italy , Sardinia and Sicily .

literature

  • Potentilla caulescens L., stalk cinquefoil. In: FloraWeb.de. (Sections Description and Ecology)
  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Potentilla caulescens L., Stem cinquefoil. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Gerhard Nitter: Profile with photos.
  3. ↑ a b Potentilla caulescens L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved November 6, 2015.
  4. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  537 .
  5. ↑ Michael Hassler, Bernd Schmitt: data sheet at Flora von Deutschland - a picture database , version 3.40.
  6. ↑ Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
  7. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 73.
  8. ↑ a b Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : Yew family to butterfly family . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
  9. ↑ Potentilla caulescens at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Retrieved August 28, 2017.
  10. ↑ a b c d e f A. Kurtto (2009): Rosaceae (pro parte majore). : Potentilla caulescens In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Limestone cinquefoil ( Potentilla caulescens )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files