Karl Hengerer
Karl Hengerer (born April 4, 1863 in Hessigheim ; † June 25, 1943 in Stuttgart ) was a German architect .
life and work
Karl Christian Hengerer was born on April 4, 1863 in Hessigheim near Besigheim (Württemberg) as the only child of a Protestant stone mason who soon afterwards set up his own business in Stuttgart and worked as a building contractor from 1869. Karl Hengerer studied architecture from 1882 to 1885 at the Technical University of Stuttgart under Christian Friedrich Leins . During his studies he became a member of the Stuttgart Swabian Choir in 1884 . After a brief employment with the architect Emil Schreiterer in Cologne, he passed the 2nd state examination in Stuttgart in 1888 and was appointed government master builder ( assessor in the public building administration).
Due to his services to the structural development and design of Stuttgart - so the official reason - Hengerer was awarded the honorary title of building councilor by King Wilhelm II on January 9, 1904 . From 1891 to 1893 he ran a joint office with Carl Heim (1859–1944), and from 1902 to 1906 with Richard Katz . In 1920 he retired as a wealthy reindeer , he died in Stuttgart in 1943 and was buried in the Prague cemetery.
Between 1890 and 1919, between 400 and 500 buildings were built according to Hengerer's plans. But that is not the only reason why he is one of the most important historicist architects in Stuttgart. Many of his buildings, settlements or plans received a lot of attention in the contemporary specialist press, and at times also caused a sensation. Most of his buildings can be found in Stuttgart, some in other cities in what is now Baden-Württemberg. It is estimated that more than half of his work has now been destroyed as a result of the war damage and subsequent alterations or demolitions.
His oeuvre mainly comprises residential buildings between 1890 and 1919, including numerous villas in the urban expansion areas on the semi-high elevations of Stuttgart. In addition, he received orders for several bank and administration buildings in Württemberg. Its beginnings show the typical forms of the neo-renaissance and neo-Gothic , which he enriched with very personal accents from around 1900 with great inventiveness and a keen sense for the plastic values of facade design.
Throughout his career, Hengerer's architecture remained traditional and conservative. New trends were always adopted, but the material, style, design and decor always suggested a down-to-earth approach: In this phase between 1898 and around 1905, it was not just the Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance styles that inspired him, he also attached great importance on the fact that above all the craftsmanship came to light. With deeply cut windows, sharply contoured details and strong shapes, he alluded to a traditional stonemasonry and dignified bourgeois residential building culture, which he apparently missed in the midst of endless glazed clinker surfaces and shaped stones of contemporary architecture.
Around 1904, in the surroundings of Theodor Fischer , Hengerer's construction method also changed to a romantically tinted Heimatstil architecture with bay windows , arcades , half-timbered and plastered facades. This begins with the still defiant Villa Hauff (1904) and can still be traced back to the buildings of the Stuttgart old town redevelopment led by Hengerer (1906–1909) with the Graf-Eberhard-Bau . With this in mind, Hengerer also planned and built the villa colony Birkendörfle (1907–1911) in the style of Black Forest houses .
Shortly afterwards, Hengerer's buildings also took the step towards a more noble building method in neo-baroque forms, as was typical across Germany shortly before the First World War . He no longer followed the path to more objective architecture that appeared after 1919.
The quantitatively most significant part of his work can be found between 1891 and 1910 in social housing. Hengerer's main client was the influential Stuttgart social reformer and cooperative Eduard Pfeiffer (1835–1921) around the Association for the Welfare of the Working Class . Together they created the workers' estates Ostheim (1891–1895) and Stuttgart- Südheim (1901–1903), the old town redevelopment (1906–1909), the middle class settlement Ostenau on the outskirts of Stuttgart- Ostheim (1911–1913), a large one Single home (1910) and an infant hospital (1910).
Buildings and designs (selection)
Unless otherwise stated, the buildings are located in Stuttgart.
- 1888: Construction management on the new building of the Marienhospital Stuttgart under Robert von Reinhardt
- 1890–1891: several residential and commercial buildings in downtown Stuttgart
- 1891–1893: Stuttgart- Ostheim workers' housing estate (142 houses based on plans by Heim and Hengerer)
- 1894: "Lindenhof" residential and commercial building
- 1894: St. Joseph's building of the Marienhospital
- 1894: Headquarters of the new power station, Marienstraße
- 1895: New shooting range Stuttgart-Heslach, Burgstallstrasse
- 1895: Competition design for the New Town Hall in Stuttgart
- between 1896 and 1904: various residential and commercial buildings in downtown Stuttgart and in the outskirts
- 1897: Villa Herdweg 60
- 1898: Commercial building of the Spar- und Consumverein, Wolframstrasse
- between 1898 and 1910: several villas and apartment buildings on Danneckerstraße
- 1898–1899: several residential buildings in the Stitzenburgstrasse development area
- 1900: Villa Humboldtstrasse 6
- 1901: Youth club home "Zum Johannes Brenz", Hohestrasse
- 1901–1903: Südheim workers' housing estate (22 houses)
- 1902: Conversion of the former Stiftspropstei into a residential and commercial building, Stiftstrasse 1
- 1902: Tritschler / Marx & Nachmann residential and commercial building, Kirchstrasse
- 1902–1905: several villas in the newly populated Gänsheide area , including the Hauff villa with gatehouse, Gerokstrasse / Wagenburgstrasse
- 1904: Residential and commercial building Calwer Strasse 62/64
- 1905: "Hans-Sachs-Haus", Hauptstätter Straße 140/142
- 1905: Bank building for the Württembergische Vereinsbank , Königstrasse 72
- 1906–1909: Old town redevelopment (planning and technical management, 28 of 33 new buildings, including the "Graf-Eberhard-Bau")
- 1907–1911: Birkendörfle settlement, Birkenwaldstrasse / Mönchhaldenstrasse (27 houses)
- 1908: Invention of Tekton (awarded at the Leipzig building exhibition in 1909) / Prefabricated house made of Tekton at the 1908 Württemberg building exhibition in Stuttgart
- 1910: Single home, Villastrasse
- 1910: Infant hospital, Stuttgarter Strasse (today Wilhelm-Camerer-Strasse)
- 1910: Financial plan and development draft for redevelopment and road breakthrough in Strasbourg in Alsace
- 1911: New buildings / conversions / extensions of the Württembergische Vereinsbank in Ulm , Heidenheim , Ravensburg , Reutlingen , Schwäbisch Gmünd
- 1911–1913: Ostenau middle class settlement for the Stuttgart Association for the Welfare of the Working Class (44 of 50 houses)
- 1912: Renovation of the headquarters of the Württembergische Vereinsbank, Friedrichstrasse
- 1913: various villas in Stuttgart
- 1913: Villa Mauser in Oberndorf am Neckar
- 1913: three buildings made of Tekton at the International Building Exhibition in Leipzig 1913 (silver medal of the exhibition)
- 1913: Tekton factory in Siglingen an der Jagst
- 1915: Bank building for the Württembergische Bankanstalt, Gymnasiumstrasse
- 1927: own villa, Gustav-Siegle-Straße
- 1935: Summer house in Egern-Schorn on the Tegernsee
Web links
Literature and Sources
- Bernd Langner: Non-profit housing construction around 1900. Karl Hengerer's buildings for the Stuttgart Association for the Welfare of the Working Class. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1994.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Paul Meißner (Ed.): Alt-Herren-Directory of the German Singers. Leipzig 1934, p. 238.
- ↑ Christine Breig: The villa and country house construction in Stuttgart 1830–1930. (= Publications of the Archives of the City of Stuttgart , Volume 84.) Hohenheim Verlag, Stuttgart / Leipzig 2000, ISBN 3-89850-964-8 , p. 526.
- ↑ Graf-Eberhard-Bau ( Memento of the original from October 8, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on www.stuttgart-tourist.de
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hengerer, Karl |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German architect |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 4, 1863 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hessigheim |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 25, 1943 |
| Place of death | Stuttgart |