Karl Leipold

Karl Leipold (actually Philipp Carl Leipold ; born January 12, 1864 in Duisburg , † April 1, 1943 in Würzburg ) was a German painter .

Life

Leipold was born as the son of the hat maker Adam Leipold from Schlüchtern in Hesse and his wife Caroline nee. Bölling born in Duisburg. After attending the Realgymnasium Duisburg, he studied at the Düsseldorf Art Academy under Andreas Müller , Heinrich Lauenstein and Peter Janssen from 1880 to 1883 and at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts under Karl von Piloty from 1884/1885 . In the meantime he was traveling in England in 1887/1888. In 1889/1890 studies continued in Paris at the Académie Julian .

In 1890 he married Pauline Henriette Ambrosius from Duisburg. They settled in Munich in 1891 and from 1892 to around 1922 also in Dießen am Ammersee. From 1893 to 1895 he stayed in Emden and Duisburg, and from 1897 to 1899 in Cuxhaven. In the 1890s Leipold undertook extensive journeys as a seaman on fishing steamers in the North Sea and on cargo sailors and the like. a. to the Orient and South America. In 1899 he acquired a on a mound located former Danish customs house in fault location , a small settlement at the mouth of sturgeon in the river Elbe in Wewelsfleth in Gluckstadt , where he lived until his move to Schluechtern in the 1940th He undertook numerous trips on his own sailing ship on the Lower Elbe, the North Sea and the Baltic Sea.

Leipold had studios in various cities, in which he stayed periodically: 1891 to 1942 in Munich, 1902/1903 first in Altona (today a district of Hamburg), then in Hamburg, where a small street is named after him, 1931 to 1943 in Berlin, 1940 to 1943 in Schlüchtern. He made several trips to Italy: around 1903 and 1911 to Venice, 1912 to Capri and 1926 to Venice and Rome. In 1939 he was appointed Professor e. H.

He was a member of the Berlin Artists 'Association , the Schleswig-Holstein Art Cooperative , the Munich Artists' Cooperative and the Association of Northwest German Artists. Karl Leipold died on April 1, 1943 in Würzburg, where he was just about to settle down with an apartment and studio.

plant

Karl Leipold mainly created oil paintings. He first became known to the public in 1893 through a painting with a maritime subject. Shaped by his early sea voyages, he remained connected to marine painting throughout his life.

His artistic life is divided into three creative periods. However, this division cannot be maintained in a straightforward manner, because in later periods he worked on motifs from Hessen, for example, using the same methodology that was characteristic of his first creative period. This also applies to motifs from the second creative period. It turns out that Leipold not only reproduced or recreated, but also used and processed motifs that were once captured and imprinted in the memory. The basic motif and type of execution can be assigned to certain creative periods, but not their respective realization.

Early time

In his early pictures Leipold mainly dealt with the landscape of his whereabouts. The works are characterized by realistic design and representational motifs. When implementing what he saw, the artist placed his main focus on the lifelike reproduction of the light and air conditions. Stylistically these pictures are strongly influenced by impressionism . They are descriptions of nature, implemented in color and mood.

Medium creative period

This period was triggered by the artist's trips to Venice and, as the Venetian period, began around 1905 as a new focus in his work. A characteristic feature of this time period is the greater color and brightness of the pictures, triggered by the impression of southern light, which can also be seen in other painters. In addition to still naturalistic representations, there are now increasingly images that came solely from the artist's imagination. He creates the impressions and atmosphere of landscapes and cityscapes and other motifs that have inspired him from his head according to his ideas.

Late work

In the 1920s Leipold turned to other topics, which he found through occupation with new sources of inspiration such as literature, mythology and metaphysics. The new topics include the increasingly appearing figure images, which were implemented in great detail and were partly based on fairy tales and legends. Late works therefore often have mystical, metaphysical and symbolistic statements. Incidentally, his turn to symbolism ran parallel to the rest of his work and began in his middle period. Corresponding to the subject matter, they are not without “visionary pathos” (Walter Fröbe) and have probably also led to the fact that Leipold's works no longer received much attention after 1945 in accordance with the changed zeitgeist. At the end of the 1980s, efforts began to make the painter Karl Leipold accessible to a wider public again.

Commissioned work

• 1934 Berlin: The Cosmos, colossal painting for the Great German Radio Exhibition.

Publications

• Letter to a student. In: Münchner Jahrbuch für Bildende Kunst, Volume IV, Munich 1909.
• Memories from the old "Gasthaus zum Löwen" in Schlüchtern. In: Bergwinkel-Bote 1971, home calendar 23rd year, ed. District Committee of the Main-Kinzig District.

Exhibitions and collections

Solo exhibitions

1902 Hamburg: Altonaer Museum , 1907/08 Munich: Galerie Heinemann , 1908 and 1934 Hamburg: Galerie Louis Bock & Sohn, 1916 Hamburg: Galerie Commeter, 1933 Berlin: Kronprinzenpalais (National Gallery), 1934 and 1938 Essen: Folkwang Museum , 1938 Düsseldorf: Kunsthalle , 1952 and 1955 Schlüchtern: Heimatmuseum, 1975 Glückstadt: Exhibition in Brockdorff-Palais, 1989 Itzehoe: District Museum Princesshof , 1998 Elmshorn: Kunstverein, 2007 Glückstadt: Detlefsen-Museum in Brockdorff-Palais, 2008 Emden: Ostfriesisches Landesmuseum , 2010 / 11 Selm: Cappenberg Castle , 2012 Schlüchtern: Bergwinkel Museum, 2014/15 Glückstadt: Detlefsen Museum in the Brockdorff Palais.

Group exhibitions

1893–1942 Munich: Royal Glass Palace / House of German Art , 1894–1918 Berlin: Great Berlin Art Exhibition , 1898 Hamburg: Altonaer Kunstverein, 1904, 1906, 1908–1910 Bremen: Kunstverein / Kunsthalle , 1905 Hamburg: Kunstverein, 1906 Königsberg: Salon Teichert, 1908 Dresden: Great Art Exhibition, 1909 Kiel: Kunsthalle , 1934 Hamburg: Galerie Commeter, 1935 Berlin: "Seafaring and Art", 1936 Essen: Folkwang Museum , 1940 Hamburg: Kunstraum Lüders, 1941 Halle (Saale): Städt. Moritzburg -Museum "Italian Paintings by German Artists", 2000 Frankfurt am Main: Schirn-Kunsthalle , Birmingham: Museums & Art Gallery, Stockholm: Prins Eugens Waldemarsudde "SeelenReich. The Development of German Symbolism 1870–1920 ”, 2001 Glückstadt: Detlefsen Museum in the Brockdorff Palais“ Karl Leipold, Hermann Wehrmann, Hans Wrage ”, 2018/19 Husum: Nissenhaus “ Water. Ships. Gondolas. Karl Leipold, Richard v. Hagen, Hans v. Petersen ".

Public collections

(Number of paintings after Hans-Peter Widderich) Berlin: State Museums (4), Berlin: German Historical Museum (19), Dresden: State Art Collections (1), Düsseldorf: Kunsthalle (2), Essen: Folkwang Museum (1) , Glückstadt: Detlefsen Museum in Brockdorff-Palais (10), Halle: Moritzburg Foundation - Art Museum of Saxony-Anhalt (158), Hamburg: Kunsthalle (2), Hamburg: Altonaer Museum - North German State Museum (2), Husum: North Frisian Museum. Nissenhaus Husum (1), Kiel: Kunsthalle (2), Munich: Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlung (7), Würzburg: Museum im Kulturspeicher (14).

literature

• Catharina Berents, Friedrich Scheele and Hans-Peter Widderich: Elbe - Venice - Elbe. Stations in the work of Karl Leipold . Catalog for the exhibitions in Glückstadt (2007) and Emden (2008)
• Walter Fröbe: ... ordered to look - memories of the painter Karl Leipold and Störort . In: Steinburger Yearbook 1974. Ed. Home association for the Steinburg district
• Hans Kinkel: Karl Leipold. The painter on Störort . Hamburg undated (1988)
• Antje Prause: The marine painting by Karl Leipold . VDG Verlag, Weimar 2004, ISBN 3-89739-434-0
• Wolfgang Reschke: Carl Leipold . In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Volume 7, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 1985, ISBN 3-529-02647-6
• Gerhard Röper, Hans-Peter Widderich and Hans Leip : Karl Leipold . Exhibition catalog at the Prinesshof district museum, Itzehoe 1989
• Lars U. Scholl: Karl Leipold . In: Hans Paffrath (Ed.): Lexicon of the Düsseldorfer Malerschule 1819–1918. Volume 2: Haach – Murtfeldt. Published by the Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf in the Ehrenhof and by the Paffrath Gallery. Bruckmann, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-7654-3010-2 .
• Hans-Peter Widderich: The painter Karl Leipold . In: Steinburger Jahrbuch 1987 . Ed. Home association for the Steinburg district
• Hans-Peter Widderich: Search for traces. Karl Leipold on Störort . Lectures by the Detlefsen Society , Volume 9, Glückstadt 2006
• Hans-Peter Widderich: The painter Karl Leipold and Schlüchtern . In: Bergwinkel-Bote 2009 . Home calendar 60th year, ed. District Committee of the Main-Kinzig District
• Thomas Hengstenberg (Ed.): Karl Leipold - From the Color of Light , catalog for the exhibition in the Museum Schloss Cappenberg 2010 (over 200 images), ISBN 978-3-86206-59-7
• Catharina Berents and Hans-Peter Widderich: "Karl Leipold - Heimat und Ferne", catalog for the exhibition at Detlefsen - Museum Glückstadt 2014–15, ISBN 978-3-00-046385-3
• Hans-Peter Widderich: Karl Leipold on the 150th birthday . Lectures by the Detlefsen Society , Volume 17, Glückstadt 2015
• Pauline Leipold: "Leipold Störort", with linocuts by H.-P. Aries. Editor: H.-P. Widderich, Glückstadt 2018. ISBN 978-3-7481-3265-3

Extensive further references can be found in the aforementioned book by Antje Prause and in the exhibition catalog Kreismuseum Prinessenhof.

Web links

• Literature by and about Karl Leipold in the catalog of the German National Library