Munich artists' cooperative

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Poster by the symbolist Franz von Stuck for the VII International Art Exhibition in Munich 1897, a joint exhibition by MKG and the Munich Secession
Munich artists their comrades , community grave in the old north cemetery

The Munich artists' cooperative royally privileged 1868 , or MKG for short , is the oldest association of freelance artists in Bavaria .

history

Origin and rise

“In 1856 delegates from 21 cities, including Munich, founded a general German art cooperative in Bingen am Rhein . At the next meeting, in Stuttgart in 1857, Munich was designated as the location for a joint exhibition, which took place in 1858 with great success under the title German and Historical Art Exhibition in the Glaspalast . For the same year, the Munich Academy of Fine Arts had planned a historical exhibition in the exhibition building on Königsplatz for its 50th anniversary , which was replaced by the exhibition of the art cooperative after protests from the Munich artists' community. The income from this exhibition ensured the continued existence of the cooperative. In 1863 the academy gave up its annual art exhibitions entirely; the artists' cooperative organized annual exhibitions in its place. On June 7, 1868, the cooperative was awarded a privileged status by King Ludwig II. This is seen as the founding date of the Münchner Künstlergenossenschaft (MKG), which still exists today, but the history shows that a comparable organization existed much earlier. Associations founded in the 1840s such as the Stubenvoll Society, which was named after an inn , which dissolved in 1875 and bequeathed its inventory to the MKG, the New England Society , the artist support association founded in 1844 at the suggestion of Friedrich Schön , and the artist singing association are considered to be the predecessors of the MKG . "

At the request of Carl Knoll , King Ludwig II of Bavaria approves the statutes of the “Munich Artists' Cooperative” on June 7, 1868 and grants the cooperative a royal privilege . The aim is to enable members to have a wide range of exhibitions not only in Munich. The stylistic direction became world-famous as the Munich School . The income from the “First International Art Exhibition” of 1869 forms the basis for the association's capital. In 1872 Conrad Hoff von Knoll took over the chairmanship. Hofrat Paulus is appointed managing director. As part of its activities, the MKG acquired the clubhouse at Luitpoldstrasse 3. In 1878, the MKG took part in the World Exhibition in Paris and opened the 1st International Art Exhibition in the Munich Glass Palace on July 19. She also participates in the Sydney World's Fair . In 1883 MKG bought the building site for what would later become the Munich Künstlerhaus on today's Lenbachplatz for 46,000 marks. The city of Munich is adding building land and 100,000 marks.

The Munich Secession split off to the Third Reich

At the beginning of the 1890s the cooperative had over 900 members, but in 1892 almost a hundred members left. Including Franz von Stuck, Lovis Corinth and Max Liebermann. You found the Association of Visual Artists Munich, Secession . The foundation stone for the Munich Künstlerhaus was laid on July 3, 1893 . In 1896, Franz von Lenbach became President of the MKG, helping it out of a crisis that almost led to a rupture within the MKG. 1900 is the inauguration of the Munich Künstlerhaus, in which the MKG has already moved into its offices.

From 1901 Hans von Petersen is president of the artists' association. Franz von Lenbach died on May 6, 1904. His funeral march takes place with great sympathy from the citizens of Munich. In 1911 MKG transfers ownership of the Munich Künstlerhaus to the new Munich Künstlerhaus-Verein. After the death of Prince Regent Luitpold , King Ludwig III took over in 1912. the protectorate of the MKG until the end of the monarchy in Bavaria in 1918. In 1915 Karl Marr and in 1926 Fritz Behn became president of the MKG. In 1927 Eugen Hönig , architect of the Hirmerhaus , the Dallmayr family home, and the University Riding School in Munich took over this office. The Munich Glass Palace burned down on June 6, 1931. The annual exhibitions are therefore held in the Deutsches Museum until 1933, and from 1933 in the Neue Pinakothek under MKG President Walter von Ruckteschell .

The exhibition of Munich artists in Berlin and Berlin artists in Munich caused a scandal in 1935, as Ruckteschell refused to take down numerous works that were considered “ degenerate ”. For this he is removed from office by the Reich Chamber of Fine Arts and Paul Rosner is the new president. In 1939 the MKG is dissolved and integrated into the Reichskunstkammer ; property, cash and a valuable collection of graphics are confiscated.

Federal Republic

With the help of the new President Constantin Gerhardinger , the Munich artists' cooperative was re-established in 1949 with royal privileges in 1868 . In 1968 the MKG celebrates its centenary with a large retrospective in the Haus der Kunst . However, other members of the previous cooperative, which was dissolved in 1939, had previously come together in the Neue Münchner Künstlergenossenschaft ( NMKG , NM ), which held an exhibition in the rooms of the Städtische Galerie in the Lenbachhaus as early as 1847 .

In 1992 Josef Kneuttinger becomes President of the MKG. Due to renovation work in the Haus der Kunst, the annual exhibitions take place from 1992 to 1994 in Dachau Castle and from then until 2000 in the Deutsches Museum. From 2000 to 2012 again at the Haus der Kunst. In 2003 Joachim Oberländer became President of MKG and in 2014 Nikos W. Dettmer . In the course of the renovation of the Haus der Kunst, the MKG will find its new home in the State Museum of Egyptian Art in Munich in 2014 . In the same year the book History of the Munich Artists' Cooperative was published royally privileged 1886 by Charlotte Mosebach. As of 2017, the overall artist Paul Martin Cambeis is the 19th President of the MKG. In 2018 the MKG celebrates its 150th anniversary with a ceremony in the State Museum of Egyptian Art. After a break of 100 years, a Wittelsbach head, Franz Duke of Bavaria , took over the patronage of the annual exhibition for the first time.

Known members

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Andreas Strobl: Münchner Künstlergenossenschaft. In: Artists drawing - donating collectors. 250 years of the State Graphic Collection in Munich . Edited by Michael Semff and Kurt Zeitler, Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz 2008, vol. 3, p. 86.
  2. ^ A b Munich artists' cooperative. Royally privileged 1868. In: MKG1868.de. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
  3. ^ Georg Jacob Wolf: Sixty Years of Munich Artists' Cooperative. In: Das Bayerland XXXIX, May 2nd issue (1928), p. 300.
  4. On the history of the NM. New Munich Artists' Cooperative, accessed on November 15, 2019.
  5. ^ Bruckmann's Lexicon of Munich Art. Munich painting in the 19th and 20th centuries Century . tape 6 . Munich 1994, p. 421 .

literature

  • Andrea Grösslein: The international art exhibitions of the Munich artists' cooperative in the Glaspalast in Munich from 1869 to 1888 . Uni-Dr., Munich 1987, ISBN 3-87821-221-6 (also dissertation, University of Würzburg 1986),
  • Charlotte Mosebach: History of the Munich Artists' Cooperative Royally Privileged 1868 . MKG1868, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-00-044941-3 .

Web links