St. Lorenz Church (East Prussia)

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The Church of Saint Lawrence ( Russian Кирха Санкт Лоренц ) was a church of the former St. Lawrence and today Salskoje settlement called the Kowrowskoje selskoje posselenije (Town Kowrowo (Nautzau) ) in Zelenogradsky District (District Cranz ) of the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast (region Königsberg (Prussia) ).

Geographical location

Salskoje in the northwest of Samland is 32 kilometers northwest of the city of Kaliningrad (Koenigsberg) on the Russian trunk road A 192 (section of the former German Reichsstrasse 143 ), not far from the junction of the same name of the newly built Primorskoje Kolzo (coastal motorway ring). Today's church ruins are located southeast of the side road that leads from Salskoje via Gorbatowka (Nortycken) to Kljukwennoje (Klycken) .

Church building

The village and parish church in the former Sankt Lorenz is a field stone building built in 1450 with brick corners without a choir. First there was a small chapel from the 14th century on the steep coast above the Baltic Sea , which was later integrated into an extension as an eastern section.

In 1609 the vault collapsed and was replaced by a flat wooden ceiling. The tower was added in 1586. It was an important sea mark for the landing ships and was therefore maintained by the Königsberg merchants. It was not until 1709 that the Brüsterorter beacon replaced the orientation sign for seafarers. The tower gradually fell into disrepair and collapsed in 1767.

From 1771 to 1773 the nave was extended by two axes, and in 1905/06 the tower was modeled on the church tower in Neuhausen (today in Russian: Gurjewsk). The east gable was also restored.

The church interior looked dark due to the galleries drawn in front of the windows .

The altar shrine is said to have been built in 1540 and was given new features and additions in the course of the 17th century, such as painting the double doors with pictures from the life of Jesus. A picture of the Man of Sorrows from 1575 on the upper floor of the altar was on a pulpit until 1905/06, which was then removed. It was built in 1575 and stood out because of its artistically painted fields. The sound cover was from 1684.

Ruins of the Church of St. Lawrence / Сальское June 2011

The special features of the church furnishings included a confessional from 1600, a baptismal angel by the sculptor Joseph Anton Kraus from 1714 and the altarpiece from the 17th and 18th centuries. Century.

In 1856 an organ was installed. The bells were from 1753 and 1796.

The Church of St. Lawrence came through the Second World War unscathed . It was then transferred to the local collective farm , which used it as a warehouse. The building had been falling into disrepair since the 1970s, a little later the upper part of the tower was demolished and the roof collapsed. In 1993 the west gable collapsed.

In 1999 the Kolkhoz Salskoje sold the church for 40 kopecks per brick (about 2 euro cents). Today the east gable and parts of the tower stand as a ruin of the church building, which can no longer be used for worship purposes and continues to fall into disrepair.

Parish

Sankt Lorenz was already a church village in the pre-Reformation period and formed a parish since 1450. The Reformation arrived here relatively early. Belonged to the Protestant first parish for inspection Schaaken (now Russian: Schemtschuschnoje ), it was until 1945, the church district Fischhausen (Primorsk) within the ecclesiastical province of East Prussia the Prussian Union of churches associated. In 1893/94 a new rectory was built in Sankt Lorenz.

The seaside resort of Rauschen became independent in 1929 with its own church building and from 1931 onwards it was given its own parish office.

In 1925 the parish of Sankt Lorenz had 5,130 parishioners who lived in 30 parish towns.

Due to flight and expulsion as a result of the Second World War , church life no longer took place after 1945, also due to state restrictions.

It was not until the 1990s that new Evangelical Lutheran congregations formed in the Kaliningrad Oblast , for example in Zelenogradsk (Cranz) and in the Oblast capital Kaliningrad (Königsberg) with the Church of the Resurrection . They belong to the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .

Parish locations (until 1945)

Before 1945, the parish of Sankt Lorenz included 30 villages in addition to the parish:

German name Russian name German name Russian name
Alexwangen Aralskoye Plink Lessenkowo
German Battau Bobrowka Pokalkstein Bogatoje
Georgenswalde Otradnoye Pokirben
Hirschau Kolomenskoye Posselau Alexandrowka
Kirti tendons Prussian Battau Dobroje
Kobjeiten Selski Noise
(until 1909)		 Svetlogorsk
Kraam Grachevka Sassau
Lixeids Obuchowo Slack Yaroslavskoye
Lop wages Rybnoye Steam Wet cinema
Lopsien Rogachovo Syndau Vodnoye
Mossyks Rogachovo Tenkieten Lyotnoye
Neukuhren Pionerski Tolklauken Kalinowo
Nortycken Gorbatovka Tykrehnen Sori
Obrotten Olshanka Cheek jug Pionerski
Plautwehnen Rakitnoye Warning nods Lesnoye

Pastor (until 1945)

From the Reformation to the end of the Second World War, the following were Protestant clergymen in Sankt Lorenz:

  • N., Caspar, 1538
  • Paul Sunder, from 1538
  • Melchior von der Heyde, 1569
  • Sebastian Pygargus, 1569-1602
  • Johann Adler, 1602–1645
  • Ludwig Spilner, 1633–1641
  • Christian Feyerabend, 1645–1677
  • Johann Ungefug, 1669–1709
  • Jacob Holstein, 1701-1724
  • Johann Georg Grünmüller, 1724–1760
  • Johann Ludwig Krusemarck, 1759–1778
  • Johann Friedrich Pachnio, 1779–1798
  • August Samuel Gerber, 1797–1814
  • Carl Ludwig Hintz, 1814-1824
  • Johann Gottfried Schultz, 1824–1831
  • Karl Emil Gebauer , 1831–1847
  • Ferdinand (Ludwig Wilhelm) Wenetzki, 1847–1866
  • Hermann Friedrich Blindow, 1867–1891
  • Martin Julius Robatzick, until 1890
  • August Wilhelm Heinrich Hartung,
    1891–1906
  • Georg E. Joachim Manteufel, 1906–1933
  • Gerhard Siebert, 1933–1943
  • Ernst Payk, 1944–1945

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume II: Images of East Prussian churches . Göttingen 1968, p. 36
  2. ↑ Patrick Plew: The churches in Samland (Saint Lawrence)
  3. ^ Salskoje - Sankt Lorenz at ostpreussen.net
  4. ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.propstei-kaliningrad.info
  5. ^ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church of East Prussia , Vol. III: Documents . Göttingen, 1968, p. 455
  6. ↑ a b c d school location
  7. ↑ Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Protestant Pastor Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 . Hamburg 1968, p. 139
  8. ^ Karl Emil Gebauer: Customer of the Samland or history and topographical-statistical picture of the East Prussian landscape Samland . Koenigsberg i. Pr. 1844.
  9. ↑ Wenetzki (1809–1866) was a member of the Corps Masovia

Coordinates: 54 ° 55 ′ 1 ″  N , 20 ° 10 ′ 28 ″  E