Les Vaux-de-Cernay monastery
| Cistercian Abbey of Les Vaux-de-Cernay | |
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| location | France region Île-de-France Yvelines department |
| Coordinates: | 48 ° 41 '2 " N , 1 ° 56' 9" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
240 |
| founding year | 1147 (Savigny) |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1790 |
| Mother monastery | Savigny Monastery |
| Primary Abbey | Clairvaux Monastery |
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Daughter monasteries |
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The Vaux-de-Cernay Abbey is a former Cistercian abbey in France . It is located in the commune of Cernay-la-Ville in the Yvelines department , Île-de-France region , around 12 kilometers northeast of Rambouillet in the valley of the Ru des Vaux near the valley of Chevreuse , once on the border between the dioceses of Paris and Chartres .
history
Established in 1118 by Simon de Neauphle-le-Château and granted his wife Eve monastery belonged to the Congregation of Savigny on. The building was under the protection of King Louis VII. It joined the Cistercian Order with the Congregation of Savigny in 1147 and was subordinate to the filiation of the Clairvaux Primary Abbey . The monastery had two subsidiaries: Le Breuil-Benoît monastery and the Le Trésor nunnery . It also took over the spiritual supervision of the nearby nunnery Port Royal des Champs (originally Porrois), a direct foundation of the Cîteaux monastery . It had, among other granges in Marly and Tremblay-sur-Mauldre , it also had a townhouse in Paris near the Place des Vosges . The sixth abbot was Guy des Vaux-de-Cernay, as was Peter von Vaux-de-Cernay, a preacher in the Albigensian crusade against the Cathars . Theobald von Marly was abbot from 1235 to 1247 , under whom the monastery experienced its golden age. In the 16th century it fell into the coming years . Commendatar abbots included Henri de Bourbon de Verneuil , a bastard of King Henry IV , and King John II Casimir of Poland. In 1624 the first general chapter of the Reformed Cistercian order (from which the Trappists later emerged) took place in Vaux-de-Cernay . In 1791 the monastery still had 12 monks. It was dissolved and partially canceled during the French Revolution .
In 1873, Baroness Charlotte de Rothschild (1825–1899), widow of banker Nathaniel de Rothschild (1812–1870), bought the ruins and had extensive restoration work carried out. She transformed the complex into a country house that remained in the possession of her descendants until 1945. In 1926 and 1941 it was classified as a Monument historique . In 1930 excavations were carried out in the church . During the Second World War , the former monastery was first the headquarters of the German and then the American troops. In 1945 Henri James de Rothschild, grandson of Charlotte de Rothschild, sold the system to the French aircraft manufacturer Félix Amiot . It now serves as Hôtellerie luxury.
Buildings and plant
There are still two fortified gatehouses. The church, begun around 1135, has been ruined. The choir was two-bay with a flat head. Two staggered chapels, similar to Furness Abbey, were connected to the transept on either side . The nave had three aisles with five bays . The facade (around 1180–1190) has a large rose window with an original composition, two oculi and a pointed portal. The cloister , which was reconstructed in 1540 and was not vaulted, was to the north (left of) the church. The sacristy and chapter house have been replaced by a neo-Gothic building. The large monk's hall ( scriptorium ), a two-aisled Gothic hall with ribbed vaults, is still present . The Konversentrakt in the west from the second half of the 12th century was expanded as the residential wing of the Baroness Rothschild.
literature
- Marcel Aubert : L'Abbaye des Vaux de Cernay , ( Petites Monographies des grands Édifices de la France ). Laurens, Paris 1934.
- Alain George: L'Abbaye des Vaux-de-Cernay. In: Pays d'Yvelines, de Hurepoix et de Beauce. No. 14, 1969, ISSN 0479-7329 , pp. 17-24.
- Simone Lefèvre: Les granges de l'abbaye des Vaux-de-Cernay dans les Yvelines. In: Pays d'Yvelines, de Hurepoix et de Beauce. No. 28, 1985, pp. 25-30.
- Bernard Peugniez: Routier cistercien. Abbayes et sites. France, Belgique, Luxembourg, Suisse. Nouvelle édition augmentée. Éditions Gaud, Moisenay 2001, ISBN 2-84080-044-6 , pp. 177-179.
- Jean-Marie Pérouse de Montclos (ed.): Le Guide du Patrimoine Ile-de-France. Hachette, Paris 1994, ISBN 2-01-016811-9 , pp. 638-639: Les Vaux-de-Cernay , with floor plan.
- Philippe Savry: Les Vaux-de-Cernay - une hôtellerie aux portes de Paris. In: Dossiers d'Archéologie. No. 234, 1998, ISSN 1141-7137 , pp. 140-141.
