Kohlsdorf (Beeskow)

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Kohlsdorf
City of Beeskow
Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 35 ″  N , 14 ° 12 ′ 3 ″  E
Height : 54 m
Residents : 170  (December 31, 2014)
Incorporation : December 6, 1993
Postal code : 15848
Area code : 03366
Kohlsdorf (Brandenburg)
Kohlsdorf

Location of Kohlsdorf in Brandenburg
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Kohlsdorf ( Lower Sorbian Kałojce or Kółow ) is a district of the town of Beeskow in the Oder-Spree district (Brandenburg). The formerly independent community was incorporated into the city of Beeskow on December 6, 1993.

geography

Kohlsdorf is about 3 km southwest of the core town of Beeskow on the Beeskower Platte . The district borders in the north on the districts of Bornow , in the east on the districts of Beeskow and Kummerow , in the south on the districts of Ranzig and Stremmen and in the west on the districts of Tauche and Buckow .

The place can be easily reached via the L422 from Beeskow. At the western end of the town a smaller road turns to Bornow. The Niederlausitzer Eisenbahn ( Falkenberg / Elster - Lübben - Beeskow ) runs north and west around the town. The Kohlsdorf train station is about 300 m west of the town center. At the western exit of the village, a small road branches off to Bornow. The B 87 crosses the district in the south-east.

The Leipsee lies in the district . With the southernmost tip, the district borders the Tiefen See . The lowest point of the district is the Spree with 41.4 m, the highest point is on the western boundary with 70.1 m.

history

Kohlsdorf was first mentioned in a document as Cowalsdorf in 1272 . In 1456 the place was named Cauwelsdorff in another document ; In 1467, the Colstorff spelling, which approximates the current form, can be found. It is a Slavic-German mixed name, place of a man named Koval. The aso. Personal name * Koval means blacksmith. Due to the disappearance of the intervowel v arose in German kol , which was eventually adapted to the German word Kohl. According to the village structure, Kohlsdorf is a widened small street village.

Ownership history

The place belonged to the house of the Beeskow rule or after the pledge to the office Beeskow. In 1456 the place was pledged to Hans von Schlaberndorf auf Stremmen, because in that year Matthias Neuburger, as an arbitrator, arbitrated a border dispute between the city of Beeskow and that of Schlabrendorf over their village of Kohlsdorf. In 1460, Wenzel von Biberstein compared himself with the brothers from Schlabrendorf zu Stremmen about the village of Kohlsdorf and redeemed the pledge. In 1467 Wenzel von Bieberstein pledged ten shock groschen annual pension to Kohlsdorf to the widow of Mattis Nauburger and her sister. This pledging was apparently of a longer duration, because in 1525 Bishop Georg von Lebus granted the captain von Beeskow, Christoph von der Zauche various options from Wenzel and Ulrich v. Bieberstein to redeem pledged pensions in the villages of Kohlsdorf, Herzberg, Bornow and Wulfersdorf. The pledge must have returned to the Beeskow office, because the village later belonged to the Beeskow office again. The village remained official property until its dissolution in 1872/4.

Population growth from 1774 to 1992
year 1774 1801 1818 1837 1858 1875 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1992
Residents 116 145 164 175 217 186 198 193 165 160 256 229 183 182 187 150
Kohlsdorf on the Urmes table sheet 3851 Beeskow from 1846

Village history

As a result of the disputes over the rule of Beeskow between the Pomeranian dukes and the Biebersteiner, Kohlsdorf was burned down on October 3, 1428 by the Pomeranian Duke Casimir V. In 1467 the (male) village population consisted of the (village) judge, the feudal man and 17 other subjects. In 1518 the Lehnschulze had a yard with one and a half hooves, the Lehnmann had two hooves and eleven farmers had one and a half hooves each. There were also six cottagers living in the village . In total, the Feldmark was divided into 20 farmers' hooves. In 1556, seven farmers lived in Kohlsdorf in addition to the 13 farmers. For 1576, only twelve farmers are named, as well as seven cottagers and one housekeeper . In 1600 the housekeeper is called a shepherd. In 1652 all farms were reoccupied, with the exception of a one-and-a-half hoof farm, whose fields had been divided up among the cottages. A kossat had been set up in the yard. In addition to the twelve farmers, a total of eight cottagers lived in the village, including a tailor and a blacksmith. The shepherd lived in the community shepherd's house. In 1692 seven kossa families lived in the village, including a blacksmith and a shepherd (cottage). In contrast, the tailor is no longer mentioned. The soils of the three fields were very sandy and only produced the second to third grain, a very poor yield compared to other villages. The peasants and the Kossaten had meadows on each of which the peasants won three loads of hay, the Kossaten two carts each. However, there was poor herding, and the farmers kept some sheep. But they had no firewood in the district. For some shrubbery they had to pay the Beeskow City Council oat interest. They also had no fishing rights. In 1743 there were twelve farmers, six cottagers and two cottagers living in the village. One of the Kossati had previously been a blacksmith, but had given up the smithy. In 1775 the social structure is described as still having twelve farmers, but now with eight kossäts and three Büdners. There were 24 fire pits in the place. In 1801 there was a jug and again a forge. The number of fireplaces is again given as 24. In 1837 the number of houses fell to 23. In the Urmes table sheet 3851 Beeskow from 1846 the windmill at the western end of the town is recorded for the first time. Today it is a ruin. By 1858 the number of residential buildings rose to 28. There was also a public building and 71 farm buildings, including two demolitions (properties outside the town center); a forge and a flour mill (post mill). In 1899/1901 the last section of the Niederlausitzer Railway was built, which runs in an arc to the west and north of the town center. The last section of the route was opened on November 24, 1901. Kohlsdorf received a stop a few hundred meters west of the town center. In 1900 there were 31 residential buildings in Kohlsdorf. In the topographic map 1: 25,000 from 1911, a road house is entered at the eastern exit of the town towards Beeskow. In 1931 there were 32 houses in the village. In 1939 there were 15 agricultural and forestry businesses in Kohlsdorf with 20 to 100 hectares of cultivated land. Four farms had 10 to 20 hectares, four farms 5 to 10 hectares and 7 farms 0.5 to 5 hectares. After the Second World War, 110 hectares were expropriated and redistributed in the land reform of 1946. 100 hectares went to 22 farm workers and landless farmers, 9.8 hectares to a poor farmer and 0.32 hectares reserved the municipality. In 1953 the LPG type III was founded. In 1960 it had a cultivated area of ​​444 hectares with 27 companies and 61 members.

Ruin of the post mill near Kohlsdorf

Political and Communal History

In the late Middle Ages, Kohlsdorf belonged to the Beeskow rule, which at that time still belonged to Niederlausitz . It was pledged to the Bishop of Lebus by Ulrich von Bieberstein in 1518 and was not redeemed. In 1556 the pledge was passed on to the Brandenburg (co-) elector Johann von Küstrin . After the death of Elector Johann von Küstrin in 1571, the Beeskow rule (and also the Storkow rule ) de facto came to the Electorate of Brandenburg in 1575/6 , but remained a de jure fiefdom of the Bohemian crown until 1742. The Beeskow rule left Niederlausitz in 1576. From the two lordships of Beeskow and Storkow, the Beeskow-Storkowische Kreis was formed in the 17th and 18th centuries , although it had a special status. In 1815 the union of the two lordships of Beeskow and Storkow was torn apart. The Beeskow lordship was connected to the Lübben district , while the area of ​​the former Storkow lordship was combined with the Teltowische Kreis to form the Teltow-Storkow district . However, this division of the two dominions was reversed in 1835, and the Beeskow-Storkow district was created . In a first district reform in 1950 in the former GDR, the Beeskow-Storkow district was dissolved again and part of it was assigned to the Lübben district, while the northern part - including Bornow - came to the Fürstenwalde district . In 1952, this division was largely reversed and the new Beeskow district in the Frankfurt (Oder) district was formed. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, the Beeskow district was renamed the Beeskow district . On December 6, 1993, the district of Beeskow was finally merged with the districts of Fürstenwalde , the independent city of Eisenhüttenstadt and the district of Eisenhüttenstadt to form the Oder-Spree district . At the same time, Kohlsdorf was incorporated into the city of Beeskow and has been part of the city of Beeskow ever since. The local advisory council consists of three members who elect the local mayor from among their number for the duration of one election period.

Church history

Kohlsdorf was not a church place at least since the late Middle Ages and was always parish in Bornow.

Monument and landmarks

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the Oder-Spree district lists one ground monument and five ground monuments for Ahrensdorf.

Soil monuments

The five ground monuments are:

  • No. 90514 Hallway 1: a burial ground from the Bronze Age
  • No. 90529 Hall 3: a Neolithic settlement
  • No. 90530 Hallway 2: a burial ground from the Bronze Age
  • No. 90531 Corridor 1: the center of the village from the German Middle Ages and modern times, a settlement from the Neolithic
  • No. 90532 Corridor 2: a settlement from the Bronze Age

monument

The list of monuments shows only one monument:

  • No. 09115273 post mill, Kohlsdorfer Strasse 17.

natural reserve

The southeastern part of the district, the former Beeskower Amtswiesen, belong to the Spreewiesen nature reserve south of Beeskow . This nature reserve extends a little further south on both sides of the Spree to the districts of Leißnitz and Ranzig. In the north it extends into the city center of Beeskow.

supporting documents

literature

  • Paul Rogalla von Bieberstein (Eds. Albert Hirtz, Julius Helbig): Documentary contributions to the history of the noble lords of Biberstein and their goods. VII, 498 p., Association for local history of the Jeschken-Isergau, Reichenberg in German Bohemia, 1911 Online University of Regensburg (hereinafter abbreviated to Hirtz & Helbig, documentary articles with the corresponding number of pages)
  • Joachim Schölzel: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IX Beeskow-Storkow. 334 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1989 ISBN 3-7400-0104-6 (hereinafter Schölzel, Historisches Ortslexikon, Beeskow-Storkow, page number).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Kohlsdorf on the website of the city of Beeskow
  2. ↑ Arnost Muka: Serbski zemjepisny słowničk. Budyšin, 1927, p. 73 ( digitized version ).
  3. ^ Sophie Wauer: The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-515-08664-1 , p. 227.
  4. ↑ a b Main statutes of the city of Beeskow from April 22, 2009 PDF (39 KByte)
  5. ^ Sophie Wauer (after preliminary work by Klaus Müller): Brandenburgisches Namenbuch Part 12 The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district. 269 ​​pp., Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-515-08664-1 , p. 49
  6. ↑ a b Schölzel, Historisches Ortslexikon Beeskow Storkow, p. 36/7.
  7. ↑ Online at Google Books (p. 19)
  8. ↑ Wenzel von Biberstein zu Sorau and Beeskow compares himself with the brothers from Schlabrendorf zu Stremmen because of the village of Kohlsdorf. 1460 February 16. Brandenburg State Main Archive: Online research
  9. ^ Hirtz & Helbig, documentary contributions, p. 144 Online University of Regensburg
  10. ^ Hirtz & Helbig, documentary contributions, p. 241 Online University of Regensburg
  11. ↑ Contribution to statistics. State Office for Data Processing State of Brandenburg Statistics. Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.9 District Oder-Spree PDF
  12. ↑ Joachim Zdrenka: The dispute over Beeskow and Storkow as property of the Pomeranian dukes 1394-1479. Yearbook for Brandenburg State History, 46: 46-69, Berlin 1995, p. 54.
  13. ^ Changes in the municipalities of Germany, see 1993 StBA
  14. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Landkreis Oder-Spree (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum

Web links

Commons : Kohlsdorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files