Kummerow (Friedland)

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Kummerow
City of Friedland
Coordinates: 52 ° 8 ′ 25 ″  N , 14 ° 13 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 48.7 m above sea level NHN
Area : 5.36 km²
Residents : 120  (December 31, 2016)
Population density : 22 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : March 31, 2001
Postal code : 15848
Area code : 033676
Kummerow (Brandenburg)
Kummerow

Location of Kummerow in Brandenburg

Kummerow ( Lower Sorbian Komorow ) is a district of the non-governmental city Friedland in the Oder-Spree district ( Brandenburg ). Kummerow was an independent municipality until it was incorporated into Friedland in 2001.

geography

Kummerow is located about 4.7 km northwest of the core town Friedland ( Niederlausitz ) on the Spree . The district borders in the north on the core town of Beeskow , in the east on Zeust , in the south on Leißnitz (both places mentioned are districts of the city of Friedland), in the south on Ranzig (district of the Tauche community ) and in the west on Kohlsdorf (district of the city of Beeskow ).

The K6715 runs through the village. The town center is at 48 m. The highest point with 63.9 m is northeast of the town center, the lowest point is the Spree with an average level of 40.7 m.

In the northernmost part of the district, the Friedländer Grenzgraben touches the district. Its highest elevation at 64.1 m is northeast of the town center.

Population development from 1818 to 2000

year 1774 1801 1818 1837 1858 1895 1925 1939 1946 1964 1971 1981 1991 2000
Residents 88 82 66 97 109 90 125 101 159 115 120 136 127 131
Kummerow on the Urmes table sheet 3851 Beeskow from 1846

history

Kummerow was first mentioned in a document in 1418. The place is definitely older. The name is derived from slaw. * Komorov- place where there are many mosquitos , to * komor = mosquito . According to its structure, it is a narrow street village with a good.

In 1576 there were four farms and nine cottages in Kummerow, as well as a cottage. However, seven cottages were vacant. In 1600 the estate owned nine Ritterhufen, the farmers also managed nine Hufen . Five cottagers lived in the village. In a document from 1652 it is reported that the Schulzengut with three hooves had been bought out "a long time ago" and moved to the manor . Two of the three other farms, each with two hooves, were not yet occupied and were also managed by the manor. The rest of the farm had been divided between two cottages. Three of the six Kossaten posts were also vacant. The only Büdner in the village worked as a thresher for the Junker. In 1692 the situation had not changed significantly. In the meantime, however, five kossats had resided in Kummerow again. The field marrow only had bad fields, on which hardly the third grain was extracted. The meadows of the village were often spoiled by floods from the Spree. The residents had firewood, but no timber in the district. The herding of the cattle was also poor. The residents were not allowed to fish or keep sheep. In 1727 the size of the utilized agricultural area is given as 14 hooves. 1745 there was a Vorwerk , a sheep farm and a vineyard. Only five people with their families lived in Kummerow. In 1775 six Kossaites and six Büdners lived with their families in the village; there were 13 fireplaces, one of them in an apartment building. In 1801 there were six cottages and two residents. The parish of the community was 14 Hufen, the property was new Hufen. In 1818 66 people lived in 14 houses. 14 houses are also given for 1837. In the Urmes table sheet 3851 Beeskow from 1846 a ferry across the Spree is noted near Kummerow. In 1858 5 residential buildings and eleven farm buildings were registered in the village itself, and the estate or estate district included nine residential buildings and eight farm buildings, including a starch factory. In 1864 two farms were added to the manor. Only four Kossät families and one Büdner family lived in the village or municipality. For 1900 the number of houses is given as eleven. In 1931 there were again 14 houses. In the 1946 land reform , 445 hectares were expropriated and 403 hectares were distributed to 23 resettlers. The self-government authorities received 30 hectares, three old farmers received a forest allowance of 12 hectares. As early as 1952, the first type I agricultural production cooperative was formed , which was converted into a type III LPG in 1955. A second type I LPG had four farms, four members and 66 ha of agricultural land. In 1960 LPG Type III had 12 farms and 34 members under management of 281 hectares. In 1974 LPG Type III was connected to LPG Leißnitz.

Political history

The place belonged to the Beeskow rule . The local lords of Kummerow were vassals of the respective owners of the Beeskow rule. The eastern and southern boundary (towards Leißnitz and Zeust) formed the Saxon-Brandenburg border until 1815.

Friedrich von Biberstein zu Beeskow and Storkow enfeoffed Hans von Zickow on October 28, 1444 on the Kietz in front of Beeskow with the Freihof there and the Brandwerder near Kummerow. On February 22, 1448 Friedrich von Biberstein compared to Beeskow and Storkow Anna and Nickel from Bennewitz to Kummerow because of the personal property.

In 1475 the brothers Hans and Nickel von Bennewitz zu Kummerow sold the city court of Beeskow to Simon Kruße (Grosse). Hans von Biberstein zu Sorau, Beeskow and Storkow confirmed the sale and enfeoffed Simon Große with the city court of Beeskow and with inclines in the village of Neuendorf.

In 1556 Wenzel von Bennewitz auf Kummerow was enfeoffed with a Vorwerk consisting of six Hufen and four Kossaten in Bahrensdorf , which he had bought from Siegmund von Knobloch zu Treben .

In 1572 Jobst requested from Zabeltitz the enfeoffment with Kummerow. From 1579 to 1583 Kummerow belonged to the von Lossow family . In 1583 the heirs of Heinrich von Lossow sold the Kummerow estate to Albrecht von Maltitz for 3500 thalers. On November 28, 1583, the Brandenburg Elector Johann Georg gave his consensus on the sale and enfeoffed Albrecht von Maltitz with the Kummerow estate. The von Maltitz family maintained the possession of Kummerow until 1793. Albrecht von Maltitz was born on October 1, 1542 in Tauche. His parents were Georg von Maltitz auf Tauche and Elisabeth von Scheidinger, daughter of Christof von Scheidinger and Anna Blenkin von Glessina. Albrecht von Maltitz married Euphemia von Bomsdorf on November 6, 1567, daughter of Hans von Bomsdorf zu Bomsdorf. Euphemia died on October 18, 1575. Albrecht then married Dorothea von Röbel, daughter of Joachim von Röbel auf Biegen and Margarethe von Beerfelde adH Lossow. Albrecht died on May 3rd, 1617 in Tauche.

Heir von Tauche and Kummerow was the son Joachim from the second marriage of Albrecht to Dorothea, who was born in 1578. Joachim married Anna von Stutterheim in 1617, daughter of Christof von Stutterheim auf Crossen and Elisabeth von Staugwitz adH Petsch. Joachim died in 1632 and Anna in 1637. The three sons were still minors at the time. On December 10, 1646, the three brothers Georg Wilhelm, Christoph Abraham and Siegmund von Maltitz zu Tauche signed an inheritance agreement for the Kummerow estate.

The Kummerow estate came to Georg Wilhelm von Maltitz. In 1649, Wolf Ernst von Burgsdorff auf Merz, Georg Wilhelm von Maltitz auf Kummerow and Siegmund von Maltitz auf Tauche were indicted by the judges and lay judges of the city of Friedland for an act of violence against the mayor David Bock. Georg Wilhelm was with an NN. married from Hanau; he died in Kummerow around 1688.

Kummerow's heir was the son Georg Siegfried, who was born on August 6, 1665 in Kummerow. In 1703 he married Margarethe Elisabeth von Göllnitz, daughter of NN von Göllnitz and Eva von Steinkeller adH Krügersdorf. The marriage resulted in six sons and nine daughters, but most of them died in infancy. Georg Siegfried died on April 9, 1729 in Kummerow. Margarethe Elisabeth von Göllnitz outlived her husband by many years and died on August 20, 1755 in Kummerow.

Heir von Kummerow was Siegfried Ernst von Maltitz, born on September 26, 1705 in Kummerow. His first marriage (marriage: November 27, 1733) was married to Johanna Charlotte von Zeschau, who died on June 10, 1746 in Kummerow. He then married Charlotte Sabina von Leipziger on May 15, 1747 as a second marriage. Siegfried Ernst Wilhelm made it to the rank of captain in the electoral Brandenburg army. He died on December 21, 1753 in Kummerow, his second wife also died early in 1757. Five children from his first marriage reached adulthood. Ernst Gottlob (born May 5, 1736) became the Royal Prussian Privy Councilor in the War Chancellery. He died unmarried on December 16, 1793 in Berlin. The daughter Margarethe Tugendreich (born July 26, 1738 + March 23, 1818) married Ernst Erdmann von Wagenschütz on Streganz in 1768 . The daughter Christiane Charlotte (born February 11, 1741, + July 11, 1814) married Friedrich Sigismund Ernst von Zerbst on Helmsdorf and, in their second marriage, Carl Gottlieb Leyser and the son Georg Sigismund married in East Prussia in 1777 and became the "founder" of the local community Maltitz line. Kummerow's heir was the middle son Siegfried Wilhelm Ernst, born on July 24, 1739 in Kummerow. On May 29, 1768 he married Christiane Dorothea Rosine von John, widow of Karl Gottlieb Abraham von Prittwitz. Siegfried Wilhelm Ernst (1739–1808) was district administrator and director of the Beeskow-Storkowische Kreis for many years . Siegfried Wilhelm Ernst von Maltitz sold the Kummerow estate in 1793 to Johann Ludwig Emilius Baron von Montmartin, who remained in the possession of Kummerow from 1793 to 1801. There followed a rapid change of ownership.

From 1801 to 1803 Kummerow and the manor belonged to the Prussian Major General August Friedrich von der Drössel . From 1805 to 1847 the War and Domain Council or Knighthood Council and poet Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Schütz, who lived in Reichenwalde / Radzików near Ziebingen / Cybinka, followed . In 1805 he had a mill built with a groats and barley passage in Kummerow. In 1855 and 1857 the village and manor Kummerow belonged to Otto Jochmus. Berghaus mentions Hugo von Krakewitz as an owner for 1850.

Adolf Frantz runs Kummerow among the estates with bourgeois owners, unfortunately without a name. The general address book from 1879 names the brothers Rudolph Scherz in Kliestow and Hermann Scherz in Kränzlin as owners . The estate had a size of 436.98 hectares, of which 275.94 hectares were arable, 28.29 hectares of meadows, 60.43 hectares of Hutung, 69.66 hectares of forest and 3.66 hectares of water. The property tax entry amounted to 2,400 marks. Handbook of real estate in the German Empire from 1885 now names Ernst Scherz. A starch factory is listed under the heading Industrial Plant. 1910 Ernst Scherz

He is also mentioned in Kummerow in 1910. In 1914, however, Julius Fedkenhauer was the owner of the Kummerow manor. He had the estate managed by a manager named Müller. In 1907 he owned the Waldow manor (today the Waldow / Brand district of the community of Schönwald north of Luckau ) and sold it with the acquisition of Kummerow. In 1921 Julius Fedkenhauer was the owner of the Kummerow manor, its manager was now a certain Gurran. In 1929 Julius Fedkenhauer was still in possession of the estate; the manor had a size of 443 ha.

The Beeskow-Storkowische Kreis was formed from the Beeskow and Storkow dominions in the course of the 17th and 18th centuries, and was dissolved during the district reform in 1816. Kummerow came to the Lübben-Beeskow district, which was dissolved again in 1835. The former lords of Beeskow and Storkow have now been combined to form the Beeskow district. The Beeskow district lasted until 1950, when Kummerow joined the Fürstenwalde district for two years. In 1952 the Beeskow district was re-created, but with changed borders in the Frankfurt / Oder district. This district lasted until 1993, when it was opened up during the district reform in the state of Brandenburg in the newly created district of Oder-Spree.

In 1807, the rural community or district legally joined the manor district, although the district of Kummerow was very small with only 214 acres compared to 1755 acres of the manor district of Kummerow. It was not until 1928 that the municipality and manor district were combined to form the municipality of Kummerow. In 1992, Kummerow merged with 15 other communities to form an administrative community, the Friedland (Niederlausitz) office . On March 31, 2001, the municipalities of Chossewitz , Groß Briesen , Günthersdorf , Karras , Klein Muckrow , Kummerow, Leißnitz , Lindow , Niewisch , Pieskow , Schadow , Weichensdorf , Zeust and the city of Friedland formed the new city of Friedland. With the legally prescribed incorporation of Reudnitz in 2003, all official locations were now incorporated into the city of Friedland and the Friedland office was dissolved. Since then, Kummerow has been part of the city of Friedland.

Mayor is Mr. Wolfgang Schulze (2018).

Church history

Kummerow was always in church in Beeskow.

Monuments and sights

Soil monuments

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the Oder-Spree district lists three archaeological monuments in Kummerow :

  • No. 90777 Corridor 1, 2: the village center from the modern era, the village center from the German Middle Ages, a settlement from the Slavic Middle Ages, a settlement from the Roman Empire
  • No. 90779 Corridor 1: an Iron Age settlement, a settlement from the Roman Empire
  • No. 90778 Kummerow, hall 2, Leißnitz hall 1: a settlement from the Stone Age

manor

The manor house in Kummerow, which was built around 1900, is not a registered monument , but is definitely worth seeing . A department of the Beeskow Hospital has been housed here since the 1960s. The building has been privately owned since the 1990s and has been modernized. The furnished apartments are rented.

natural reserve

The north-western tip of the district, which lies between the Spree and the K6715, belongs to the Spreewiesen nature reserve south of Beeskow , which was created in 2003 . In the southern part of the district, too, the bank south of the town center is protected.

literature

  • Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century; or geographical-historical-statistical description of the Province of Brandenburg, at the instigation of the State Minister and Upper President Flottwell. Second volume. 650 p., Printed and published by Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1855. Online at Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated to Berghaus, Landbuch, Vol. 2 with corresponding page number)
  • Alexander Freiherr von Dachenhausen: von Maltitz. Genealogical paperback of the primitive nobility, 2: 360–377, Brno, 1893 (hereinafter abbreviated to Dachenhausen, Maltitz with corresponding page number)
  • Ingrid Reisinger, Walter Reisinger: Well-known, unknown and forgotten manor houses and manor houses in the state of Brandenburg. An inventory. Volume 1, Stapp Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-87776-082-6 , pp. 240–241
  • Joachim Schölzel: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IX: Beeskow-Storkow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1989, ISBN 3-7400-0104-6 (hereinafter Schölzel, Historisches Ortslexikon, Beeskow-Storkow, page number).

Individual evidence

  1. Community and district directory of the state of Brandenburg. Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg (LGB), accessed on June 21, 2020.
  2. ^ Entry "Komorow" in the Lower Sorbian place name database on dolnoserbski.de
  3. a b Main Statute of the City of Friedland from June 4, 2009, PDF
  4. Schölzel, Historisches Ortslexikon, Beeskow-Storkow, pp. 146–147.
  5. Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics, Historical Community Directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald, PDF
  6. ^ Albert Schiffner: Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. Volume 17 (Supplement 4) Hornbude to Lüttnitz. Verlag der Gebrüder Schumann, Zwickau 1830, online at Google Books , p. 669
  7. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Friedrich von Biberstein zu Beeskow and Storkow enfeoffed Hans [von Zickow on the Kietz in front of Beeskow with the Freihof there and the Brandwerder near Kummerow. 1444 October 28.]
  8. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Friedrich von Biberstein zu Beeskow and Storkow compares Anna and Nickel [von Bennewitz zu Kummerow because of the personal property. 1448 February 22.]
  9. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Hans von Biberstein zu Sorau, Beeskow and Storkow confirms the sale of the city court of Beeskow by the brothers Hans and Nickel von Bennewitz zu Kummerow to Simon Kruße (Große) and enfeoffs him with it and with inclines in the village of Neuendorf in 1475 March 20.
  10. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis . Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents. Part 1 (A), Volume 20, Reimer, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books , p. 412
  11. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel: Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis. Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents. Part 1 (A), Volume 20, Reimer, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books , p. 432
  12. ^ Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück : History of the former diocese of Lebus and the country of this taking. Second part. Self-published, Berlin 1829, p. 441.
  13. ^ Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands. Prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or horse service and fiefdom. Creutz, Magdeburg 1840, online at Google Books , p. 55
  14. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Elector Johann Georg, Margrave of Brandenburg, gives his consensus on the sale of the Kummerow estate by the heirs of Heinrich von Lossow to Albrecht von Maltitz for 3500 thalers and enfeoffs it. 1583 November 28.
  15. Dachenhausen, Maltitz, p. 363
  16. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: The von Maltitz zu Tauche brothers conclude an inheritance agreement for the Kummerow estate. 1646 December 10.
  17. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Complaint by the judges and lay judges of the city of Friedland against Wolf Ernst von Burgsdorff auf Merz, Georg Wilhelm von Maltitz auf Kummerow and Siegmund von Maltitz auf Tauche because of an act of violence against Mayor David Bock. 1649
  18. ^ Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 , pp. 611 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  19. Topography of the lower courts of the Kurmark Brandenburg and the associated parts of the country. Oehmigke, Berlin 1837, online at Google Books , p. 50
  20. Bernd-Ulrich Hergemöller: Man for man. Biographical lexicon on the history of love for friends and male-male sexuality in the German-speaking area. Volume 2: Rat – Z. Lit, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-643-10693-3 , online at Google Books , p. 1087
  21. ^ Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 , pp. 917 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  22. Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Creation of a mill with a Grütz or Graupengang to Kummerow in the Beeskow district by the war council of Schütze. 1805-1807
  23. ^ Karl Friedrich Rauer: Hand register of the manors represented in all circles of the Prussian state on district and state parliaments. Berlin 1857, p. 85
  24. ^ Karl Friedrich Rauer: Hand register of the knight estates represented in all circles of the Prussian state on district and state parliaments. 454 p., Self-published by Rauer, Berlin 1857 Online at Heinrich Heine University and State Library, Düsseldorf , p. 85.
  25. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch, Vol. 2, p. 619 Online at Google Books
  26. ^ Adolf Frantz: General register of lordships, knights and other goods of the Prussian monarchy with information on the area, yield, property tax, owner, purchase and tax prices. 117 p., Verlag der Gsellius'schen Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1863, p. 24.
  27. ^ Address book for merchants, manufacturers and tradespeople in Brandenburg and Berlin. Verlag C. Leuchs & Comp., Nuremberg, 1877 (Volume 8 of the 31-volume new edition of the large address book of all countries in the world) Online at Goole Books , p. 4.
  28. a b Paul Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of the manor and estate owners in the German Empire. With details of the properties, their size (in Culturart), their net income from property tax, their tenants, branches of industry and post offices. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery The Province of Brandenburg. 311 pp., Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, PDF , pp. 24-25.
  29. ^ Paul Ellerholz: Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size (in culture style); your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Postal stations; Breeding of special cattle, exploitation of livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 2nd improved edition, 340 pp., Berlin, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1885, pp. 182-183.
  30. a b R. Reichert, Royal Authorities and Chamber of Agriculture for the Province of Brandenburg (Ed.): Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. Brandenburg Province. 5th completely revised edition. I-LXXXVI (1-86), 376 p., + 24 p. (Location register), Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin, 1910 (p. 240–241)
  31. ^ Erich Seyfert: Goods address book for the province of Brandenburg. 2nd completely revised and greatly increased edition, I-XLV (1-45) + 433 p., Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig 1914 (p. 240/1)
  32. R. Stricker, with the participation of the authorities and chambers of agriculture (ed.): Handbuch des Grundbesitzes im Deutschen Reiche. Brandenburg Province. Complete address book of all manors, estates and larger farms with details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, as well as the telephone connections, the property property, the property tax net income, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock farming, livestock exploitation, animal breeding and special crops, industrial facilities, courts and administrative districts, along with an alphabetical register of places and persons, an overview of the agricultural and structural conditions of the relevant part of the country, a directory of the agricultural authorities and associations, cooperatives and industrial companies, as well as an exact map. 6th completely revised edition, 296 pp., Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1921, pp. 150–151.
  33. Ernst Seyfert, Hans Wehner, Alexander Haußknecht, Ludwig Hogrefe (eds.): Agricultural address book of the manors, estates and farms of the province of Brandenburg: List of all manors, estates and farms from approx. 20 ha upwards with information on the property, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, the livestock, the company's own industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons , a directory of the most important government agencies and agencies, agricultural associations and corporations. 4th increased and improved edition, 464 p., Leipzig, Verlag von Niekammer's address books, Leipzig, 1929 (Niekammer's goods address books Volume VII)
  34. List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Landkreis Oder-Spree (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum