Berlin-Mitte thermal power station

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Berlin-Mitte thermal power station
The central thermal power station as seen from the Spree side
The central thermal power station as seen from the Spree side
location
Berlin-Mitte thermal power station (Berlin)
Berlin-Mitte thermal power station
Coordinates 52 ° 30 '41 "  N , 13 ° 25' 16"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 30 '41 "  N , 13 ° 25' 16"  E
country GermanyGermany Germany
Data
Type Combined gas and steam power plant
Primary energy Fossil energy
fuel natural gas
power 440 MW electrical gross
638 MW district heating
operator Vattenfall Europe Wärme AG
turbine 2 gas turbines
1 steam turbine
f2

The heating power plant Berlin-Mitte or Heizkraftwerk Mitte is a heating power plant (HKW) in the Berlin district of Mitte .

The power plant in operation was built from 1994 to 1996 according to plans by the Kassel architect Jochem Jourdan and is an example of modern industrial architecture . On the grounds of the adjacent south 1997 disused old plant resulted in a combined cycle (gas and steam turbine power plant) in which electric power and district heat in cogeneration be generated.

The power plant belongs to the Swedish energy group Vattenfall , whose subsidiary Vattenfall Europe Wärme , which belongs to the German subgroup, is responsible for its operation.

Technical

Two Alstom -GT13E2 gas turbines , two downstream waste heat boilers and a steam turbine with three heating condensers are combined in such a way that this system can generate electricity and heat at the same time with a fuel energy efficiency of almost 90 percent. The gas turbines are fired with natural gas and provide the drive energy for the generators to generate electricity. The exhaust heat from the gas turbines is used to generate steam in the waste heat boilers . This drives the steam turbine and the generator connected to it to generate additional electricity. The steam then releases its residual heat in the heating condensers to the central heating network. The installed electrical output of HKW Mitte was originally 380 MW, but has now been increased to 440 MW (gross). The heating output is 398 MW. In addition, two natural gas-fired hot water generators are available in the central heating plant to cover peak loads.

Integration into the Berlin supply network

For a densely populated city like Berlin, the combined generation of electricity and heat is ideal. Since the 1960s, in the course of growing new residential construction, this environmentally and resource-saving way of supplying households, industry and commerce with district heating and hot water has been promoted and expanded by Bewag . Due to the central location of the HKW Mitte and the resulting short transport routes to the residential and commercial areas in the center of the city, the heat losses remain low and the ecological impact as low as possible. The central heating network extends from Charité via Alexanderplatz to the Stralau peninsula and takes into account the energy requirements of the central area around Potsdamer Platz . The central heating plant is the largest and most important supplier of heat to this heating network, supported in the northern area by the Scharnhorststrasse heating plant with 132 MW heating capacity. With the Liebigstrasse coupling station, a connection that can be used in both directions has been created to the Klingenberg HKW and Lichtenberg HKW . This enabled the district heating supply in the central and eastern districts of Berlin to be optimized.

Another step was the creation of additional connections between HKW Mitte and supply areas outside the central heating network. The system supplies apartments, office buildings and industrial plants in the center of Berlin. The heating output of the HKW Mitte is sufficient to supply 60,000 apartments and 500 major customers such as public institutions, customers from the service sector, from trade and industry with district heating. The electricity is fed into the high-voltage network of Vattenfall Europe Distribution Berlin via a 110 kV switchgear with SF 6 gas-insulated components.

The electrical output of HKW Mitte is sufficient to supply around 600,000 households with electricity.

  • Power plant block

  • View of the shaft of the steam turbine

  • A transformer block

architectural art

The location of the HKW Mitte near the center of the capital on the banks of the Spree required great efforts by the architects under the direction of Jochem Jourdan and the engineers involved in designing the structure in accordance with its technical functionality. The location of the HKW Mitte was determined by the location of the old power plant. The consistently small distance to the neighborhood was also given. The aim was to create an urban ensemble that blends harmoniously into its surroundings. This is to be supported by six works of art that were selected at an international workshop ( curator : Kasper König ).

Works of art and artists

The Dan Grahams walk-in pavilion relocates the Spree, which flows beyond the HKW, into the entrance area using optical means, and its shape corresponds to the Trias building on the north bank of the river. In the foyer of the administration building there is a wall frieze by Franz Ackermann , which alienates details from the Berlin urban landscape and brings them into new context. The facade of the workshop building facing Michaelkirchstrasse provides the subsurface for Thomas Bayrle's 40 meter wide and six meter high “wall newspaper” . Here a quote from the Old Testament was shown on a total of 12,000 fired tiles . In addition to the public controversy about the Bible word today, the method of production also gives cause for reflection. Only when there is a sufficient distance to the work of art does the viewer understand the meaning of the words. Kirkeby's wall made of Wittmund clinker shields the area from the bank area, but creates the possibility of optically approaching the building from the water side by means of well-placed openings. The stair tower belonging to the ensemble was built from the same material and makes it possible to overcome the difference in level between Michaelkirchstrasse and the bank area. From the riverside path leading outside the power station, you can not only see the HKW, you can even feel one of its products. The benches by the Turkish artist Ayse Erkmen , which are heated with waste heat from a transformer, realize Bewag's principle that the functions hidden in the building should be made clear to the outside world.

  • Dan Graham's walk-in pavilion

  • Benches heated with waste heat

  • Benches heated with waste heat

Former power plant in Berlin-Mitte

The previous power station building, which is located directly on Köpenicker Strasse, has been used as an exhibition hall for some time, see “ Kraftwerk Berlin ”.

literature

See also

Web links

Commons : Heizkraftwerk Berlin-Mitte  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bundesnetzagentur power plant list (nationwide; all network and transformer levels), as of July 2, 2012. ( MS Excel ; 1.6 MB) (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on July 22, 2012 ; Retrieved July 21, 2012 .
  2. ↑ Wulf Olm, Stephan Natz: Spreeufer-Promenade with observation tower, heated benches and lots of trees: Artists upgrade the new power station in the middle . In: Berliner Zeitung , October 22, 1996.

This article is based on an advertising text from the same with the permission of Bewag AG.