Landgraviate of Breisgau
The Landgraviate of Breisgau was a county in what is now Breisgau . The name Brisgavi is mentioned for the first time in Roman times, the term as landgraviate can be understood from 700 and from the time of the Dukes of Zähringen , who emerged from it. Because of its size, it was divided into an Upper and a Lower County as early as 900 , each with a count. It bordered the Mortenau in the north and the Sundgau in the west and the Albgau in the south .
history
In 1318, Margrave Heinrich von Hachberg married his sister Anna to Count Friedrich von Freiburg and, with the approval of his brothers and cousins, gave her the Landgraviate of Breisgau as a pledge for seven hundred silver marks for marriage tax, but for perpetual redemption and with the proviso that their villages were returned by the Reich . The Landgraviate of Breisgau remained with the Counts of Freiburg until 1395 , in that year Count Konrad von Freiburg handed over the Landgraviate to his brother-in-law, Margrave Rudolf von Hachberg . In 1398, through various debts, he was forced to hand over the landgraviate to loyal hands to Leopold Duke of Austria . After the usufruct and payment of the liabilities, which Duke Leopold also kept, the Landgraviate should be returned. But things turned out differently, because the son of Duke Leopold, Friedrich IV. (Tyrol) , did not think of paying the debts, even more: he considered the Landgraviate as a whole, including the Lower County (Sausenberg), as his property, he claimed this was irrevocable due to the purchase made, but could never produce a purchase letter.
Partial recovery
Count Hans von Freiburg , the son of Konrad, succeeded in regaining the power of Badenweiler . All other efforts and armed forces did not help: the landgraviate remained with Austria and became part of the foreland . Only the lower Landgraviate in Breisgau, the Landgraviate of Sausenberg, stayed with the Margraves of Hachberg. Nevertheless, the Hachbergers later had to pay 320,000 guilders to Austria for the whereabouts of Sausenberg, Badenweiler and Rötteln. The attack by the Austrian mash gau to the Baden house was therefore not a new acquisition for them, but rather the final re-entry into an age-old right of possession that had previously been forcibly withheld.
Ruler in the Breisgau
- Etichons
- Alaholfinger
- Ruthard (Graf) , 746 to 790
- Guntram the Rich , 904/930 to 952
- Berthold I. (Breisgau) , 962 to July 13, 982
- Diethelm, around 976
- Berthold II. (Breisgau) / Birchtilo , no later than 990 until after 1005
- Adalbero, at least 1006 to 1010
- Berthold I. (Zähringen)
- Hermann I. (Baden) , 1061 to 1074
- Hermann II (Baden) , around 1087
- Berthold II. (Zähringen) around 1090 to 1111
- Berthold III. (Zähringen) 1111 to 1122
- Konrad I. (Zähringen) 1122 to 1152
- Berthold IV. (Zähringen) 1152 to 1186
- Berthold V. (Zähringen) 1186 to † 1218,
Heirs were among others the Counts of Freiburg ; In 1218 Friedrich II. (HRR) withdrew the rights of the Zähringer to the empire, which received the loan:
- Heinrich I (Baden-Hachberg) 1218 to 1231
- Heinrich II. (Baden-Hachberg) 1231 to 1290
- Henry III. (Baden-Hachberg) 1290 to 1330
- Heinrich IV. (Baden-Hachberg) 1330 to 1369
The city of Freiburg came to Front Austria in 1368, the Breisgau from 1369 but without the Markgräflerland , for more details see → Rudolf IV. (Hachberg-Sausenberg)
- In the second coalition war, Article VI. in the peace of Lunéville der Breisgau from 1801 to 1806 to the Duchy of Modena under Ercole III. d'Este who handed it over to Ferdinand Karl von Österreich-Este (1754–1806) (see Duchy of Modena-Breisgau ). Then the Breisgau came to the newly founded Grand Duchy of Baden in the Peace of Pressburg as part of Front Austria .
literature
- Joseph Bader : The Landgraviate of Breisgau as it came to Austria. In: Badenia , 2nd year, Karlsruhe 1840, pp. 131–137 digitized version of the Heidelberg University Library
- Wilhelm Franck: The Landgraves of the Holy Roman Empire , Braunschweig 1873, pp. 94-108 in the Internet Archive
Individual evidence
- ↑ Joseph Bader: The Landgraviate of Breisgau as it came to Austria. In: Badenia , 2nd year, Karlsruhe 1840, pp. 131–137
- ^ Eduard Heyck: History of the Dukes of Zähringen , Freiburg im Breisgau 1891-1892, reprint Aalen 1980, ISBN 3-511-00945-6 , pp. 10-12 ( digitized version )
- ^ Eduard Heyck: History of the Dukes of Zähringen , Freiburg im Breisgau 1891-1892, reprint Aalen 1980, ISBN 3-511-00945-6 , p. 5 ( digitized version )