Linseeds

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Linseeds
Common flax (Linum usitatissimum)

Common flax ( Linum usitatissimum )

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Rosids
Eurosiden I
Order : Malpighiales (Malpighiales)
Family : Linseeds
Scientific name
Linaceae
DC. ex Perleb

The linaceae are a family in the order Malpighiae (Malpighiales) within the flowering plants (Magnoliopsida). The 10 to 16 genera with around 290 species are distributed almost worldwide from the permafrost zone to the tropics.

description

Illustration of the common flax ( Linum usitatissimum ) from Koehler's medicinal plants

Appearance and leaves

The types of linseed are mostly herbaceous plants , more rarely woody plants: lianas , shrubs or, very rarely, trees .

The ever undivided, sessile leaves are alternate and usually arranged spirally or opposite. The leaf margins are smooth or serrated. They often have no stipules , if they are present then they are small.

Inflorescences and flowers

In zymos branched inflorescences differently structured partial inflorescences are combined.

The hermaphrodite flowers are radially symmetrical and usually five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are sometimes fused at the base. The five petals are free. There are one, two or very rarely three circles with five stamens each, part of which is often converted to staminodes . Two to five carpels have become a top permanent ovary grown.

Fruits and seeds

Many different fruit types are formed within this family (see subfamilies). The well-developed embryo is straight to slightly curved and has two large germ layers ( cotyledons ).

Distribution of the Linaceae (shown in black)

Systematics and distribution

Subfamily Linoideae: Cliococca selaginoides
Subfamily Linoideae: flower of Hesperolinon congestum
Subfamily Linoideae: Flower of Linum australe var. Australe
Subfamily Linoideae: dwarf flax ( Radiola linoides )
Subfamily Hugonioideae: branch with leaves and flowers of Hugonia mystax

The Linaceae family was established in 1818 by Augustin Pyrame de Candolle in Karl Julius Perleb : Experiment on the medicinal powers of plants , p. 107 under the name "Lineae". The type genus is Linum L. A synonym for Linaceae DC. ex Perleb is Hugoniaceae Arn.

The species of the Linaceae family thrive almost worldwide from the permafrost zone to the tropics .

The Linaceae are divided into two subfamilies, the Linoideae and the Hugonioideae. There are a total of about 10 to 16 genera with about 290 to 300 species:

  • Subfamily Linoideae: The Linoideae are predominantly herbaceous plants with mostly narrow leaves and they only develop capsule fruits . It contains six to eight genera with about 240 species:
    • Anisadenia Wall. ex Meisn. : Distributed with only two species from northeast India , Bhutan , Nepal , northern Myanmar , northern Thailand to China (both species).
    • Cliococca Bab. : It contains only one type:
    • Hesperolinone (A.Gray) Small : The 13 or so species only occur in California .
    • Flax ( Linum L. ): The approximately 180 species are distributed almost worldwide from temperate to tropical areas; the center of biodiversity is the Mediterranean.
    • Radiola Hill : It contains only one species:
    • Reinwardtia Dumort. : It contains about two types, including:
    • Sclerolinon C.M. Rogers : It contains only one type:
    • Tirpitzia Hallier f. : It contains only three species in China (two species) and northeastern Thailand and Vietnam.
  • Subfamily Hugonioideae Mabb. ex Reveal : The Hugonioideae (Syn .: Hugoniaceae Arn. ) are mostly woody plants that have quite broad leaves and develop a stone fruit or other fruit types. It contains four to eight genera with around 61 species:

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Individual evidence

  1. Linaceae at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 5, 2014.
  2. a b c d Linaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 5, 2014.

Web links

Commons : Linaceae  - Collection of images, videos and audio files