Leopold of Austria (1823–1898)
Leopold Ludwig Maria Franz Julius Eustorgius Gerhard of Austria (born June 6, 1823 in Milan , † May 24, 1898 in Hernstein ) from the House of Habsburg-Lothringen was an Archduke of Austria and was an imperial general , inspector general and an important reformer of the engineering troops .
Life
Leopold was the eldest son of Archduke Rainer (1783-1853), viceroy of Lombardy from his marriage to Maria Elisabeth (1800-1856), daughter of Prince Karl Emanuel of Savoy-Carignan . On his father's side, he was a grandson of Emperor Leopold II.
In kuk . In military service, he reached the rank of Lieutenant Field Marshal in 1850 and that of General of the Cavalry in 1867 . He was the owner of the Infantry Regiment No. 53 as well as the chief of the Russian Ukrainian Uhlan Regiment No. 13 and the Prussian 6th Infantry Regiment, and since 1868 general inspector of the imperial engineering troops . During the revolution in Italy, Leopold was instrumental in the conquest of Fort Malghera. While researching military technology, Leopold excelled in inventing mines, sea mines and torpedo systems and reformed and modernized the engineering troops significantly. Under his leadership, the tunnels of the Vienna water pipeline were worked out by engineering troops.
From 1865 to February 25, 1868 Leopold was inspector of the naval troops and the fleet. Leopold was less successful as the commander of the 8th Army Corps. After a stroke in 1868, Leopold withdrew into private life. He let Hernstein Castle until 1880 by Theophil Hansen historicist remodel and devoted himself to hunting. More strokes in the last years of his life confined the Archduke to a wheelchair. He died unmarried and childless and was buried in the Ferdinand's crypt in the Vienna Capuchin crypt.
Leopold was a knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece , the Order of St. Stephen , the Imperial Russian Order of St. Andrew and Alexander Nevsky , the Polish Order of the White Eagle and the Order of St. Anne 1st Class, Sardinian Annunziaten -Orden , the Bavarian Order of Hubertus , the Prussian Black Eagle Order with Chain and the Red Eagle Order I Class, Hanoverian Guelph Order , the Hessian House Order of the Golden Lion , the Grand Ducal Hessian Order of Ludwig , the St. Ludwig and Constantine St. George Order of Parma .
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Habsburg, Leopold . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 6th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1860, p. 444 ( digital copy ).
- Oscar Criste: Leopold, Archduke of Austria . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 51, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1906, pp. 655-657.
- Egger: Leopold, Erzhg. from Österr. (1823–1898), Lieutenant Field Marshal. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 5, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1972, p. 145 f. (Direct links on p. 145 , p. 146 ).
- Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldier leadership . Volume 6, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1938], DNB 367632810 , pp. 491-492, no. 2115.
Web links
- http://www.stadt-wien.at/index.php?id=hernstein
- Archduke Leopold of Austria on thepeerage.com , accessed on August 12, 2015.
Individual evidence
- ^ Official daily newspaper Wiener Zeitung , No. 55, Vienna, March 4, 1868, p. 1
- ^ Genealogical paperback 1866. Verlag Justus Perthes, Gotha, p. 716 Marine troops and fleet inspector.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Leopold of Austria |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Leopold Ludwig Maria Franz Julius Eustorgius Gerhard of Austria |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian Archduke, General, Admiral |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 6, 1823 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Milan |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 24, 1898 |
| Place of death | Hernstein |