Lepismium

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Lepismium
Lepismium houlletianum

Lepismium houlletianum

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Cactus family (Cactaceae)
Subfamily : Cactoideae
Tribe : Rhipsalideae
Genre : Lepismium
Scientific name
Lepismium
Whistle.

Lepismium is a genus of plants from the cactus family(Cactaceae). The botanical name of the genus is derived from the Greek noun λεπίς lepis for "shell", "scale" and refers to the way in which the flowersbreakthrough the epidermis in some species.

description

The species of the genus Lepismium grow epiphytically or lithophytically , shrubby with creeping or hanging shoots that branch out from the shoot sides ( mesotonically ). The mostly segmented shoots are cylindrical, ribbed, winged, angular or flattened leaf-like, but not humped. The leaves are usually visible as rudimentary flakes on the shoots . The areoles sit conspicuously on the edges of the ribs and often in their notches. Thorns may be present or absent.

The flowers appearing to the side are wheel-shaped, bell-shaped or slightly tubular. Your pericarpel is often bumpy and thorny, but it can also be angular or not thorny. The flower tube is very short or completely absent.

The berry-like fruits are brightly colored or translucent. They are noticeably veined and sometimes thorny. The fruits contain elongated or egg-shaped, brown or black seeds that are up to 1 millimeter long.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Lepismium is mainly found in the east of Bolivia . Some species are found in Brazil and Argentina .

The first description was published in 1835 by Ludwig Georg Karl Pfeiffer . Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose set Lepismium commune as the lectotype in 1923 . According to Wilhelm Barthlott and Nigel Paul Taylor , the genus is divided into six sub-genera and includes the following species:

Synonyms of the genus are Pfeiffera Salm-Dyck , Acanthorhipsalis (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose , Acanthorhipsalis Kimnach , Lymanbensonia Kimnach , Nothorhipsalis Doweld and Ophiorhipsalis (K.Schum.) Doweld .

In his The New Cactus Lexicon in 2006, David Richard Hunt limited the genus Lepismium to the subgenus Lepismium , Ophiorhipsalis and parts of the subgenus Houlletia and placed the subgenus Acanthorhipsalis , Lymanbensonia and two species of the subgenus Houlletia in the Genus Pfeiffera , which he recognized again. According to Hunt, only the species Lepismium cruciforme , Lepismium houlletianum , Lepismium incachacanum , Lepismium lorentzianum , Lepismium lumbricoides and Lepismium warmingianum belong to the genus Lepismium .

Further molecular genetic studies in 2010 showed that the description of the genus Pfeiffera proposed by Hunt is not monophyletic to this extent. Lepismium brevispinum , Lepismium incachacanum ( Pfeiffera ianthothele ) and Lepismium crenatum ( Pfeiffera crenata ) form a line of development that is clearly separate from the other species of the genus Pfeiffera , for which the authors proposed the recognition of the genus Lymanbensonia on a wider scale. As a result of these research results, the genus only consists of the five species Lepismium cruciforme , Lepismium houlletianum , Lepismium lorentzianum , Lepismium lumbricoides and Lepismium warmingianum .

proof

literature

  • Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 350-354 .
  • Nadja Korotkova, Leonie Zabel, Dietmar Quandt, Wilhelm Barthlott: A phylogenetic analysis of Pfeiffera and the reinstatement of Lymanbensonia as an independently evolved lineage of epiphytic Cactaceae within a new tribe Lymanbensonieae . In: Willdenowia . Volume 40, number 2, 2010, pp. 151-172, S1-S4, doi : 10.3372 / wi.40.40201 .
  • Frank Süpplie: EPRIC: Rhipsalis & Lepismium . 2007, ISBN 90-5716-498-1

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ General garden newspaper . Volume 3, 1835, p. 315 and p. 380 .
  2. ^ W. Barthlott, NP Taylor: Notes towards a Monograph of Rhipsalideae (Cactaceae) . In: Bradleya . Volume 13, 1995, pp. 43-79.
  3. ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 350-354 .
  4. ↑ Reto Nyffeler: Phylogenetic relationships in the cactus family (Cactaceae) based on evidence from trnK / matK and trnL-trnF sequences . In: American Journal of Botany . Volume 89, 2002, pp. 312-326, (online) .
  5. ^ David Hunt: The New Cactus Lexicon . dh books, Milborne Port 2006, ISBN 0-9538134-4-4 , pp. 142 .
  6. ↑ Nadja Korotkova, Leonie Zabel, Dietmar Quandt, Wilhelm Barthlott: A phylogenetic analysis of Pfeiffera and the reinstatement of Lymanbensonia as an independently evolved lineage of epiphytic Cactaceae within a new tribe Lymanbensonieae . In: Willdenowia . Volume 40, number 2, 2010, pp. 151-172, S1-S4, doi : 10.3372 / wi.40.40201

further reading

  • Maria Regina Torres-Boeger, Patricia Soffiatti, Marco Antônio Gomes-Souto, Márcia Budchen, Katiane Paula Bagatini, Manuela Dal Forno: Functional morphology of two Lepismium species (Rhipsalideae, Cactaceae) . In: Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad . Volume 81, 2010, pp. 393-400, PDF

Web links

Commons : Lepismium  - collection of images, videos and audio files