List of antique spiral stairs
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Trajans-Column-lower-animated.svg/220px-Trajans-Column-lower-animated.svg.png)
The list of ancient spiral staircases includes a selection of Greek and Roman spiral staircases from ancient times . The spiral staircase is a staircase shape that found its way into architecture relatively late due to its complex helix structure. Although this staircase shape lasted until the 5th century BC. It is only the construction of the style-defining Trajan Column in Rome that brought about its final breakthrough in Roman architecture .
In addition to the victory columns in the imperial capitals of Rome and Constantinople , temples , baths , basilicas and mausoleums were also provided with spiral staircases. In the art of fortification, however, unlike in medieval castles, they have not yet appeared, provided that their absence can be generalized in the towers of the city wall of Rome . In late antiquity , people started moving the staircase to their own stair towers on the outer wall of the central building. B. in the church of San Vitale .
The construction and use of spiral staircases are taken from Christian and Islamic architecture.
Spiral stairs
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Marc_Aurel_column_detailed_view_01.jpg/220px-Marc_Aurel_column_detailed_view_01.jpg)
Building | place | country | construction time | height | Number of stairwells | comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Temple A | Selinunte | Italy | approx. 480 BC Chr. | 2 | ||
Temple of Bel | Palmyra | Syria | 1st century | |||
Trajan's Column | Rome | Italy | 113 | 29.68 m | 1 | 14 steps per revolution |
Marcus Aurelius column | Rome | Italy | Late 2nd century | 29.62 m | 1 | 14 steps per revolution |
Round temple in Ostia | Ostia Antica | Italy | 3rd century | 1 | ||
Caracalla Baths | Rome | Italy | 212-216 | 2 | ||
Baths of Diocletian | Rome | Italy | 298-305 | 4th | ||
Santa Costanza | Rome | Italy | approx. 350 | 1 | ||
Mausoleum of Galerius | Thessaloniki | Greece | Early 4th century | 2 | ||
Kaiserthermen | trier | Germany | Early 4th century | 8th | ||
Column of Theodosius | Constantinople | Turkey | Late 4th century | 1 | ||
St. Gereon | Cologne | Germany | Late 4th century | 16.50 m | 1 | |
Pillar of Arcadius | Constantinople | Turkey | 401-421 | 1 | ||
San Vitale | Ravenna | Italy | 527-548 | 2 | Two stair towers | |
Great Palace Gate | Constantinople | Turkey | 532 | ? | ? | Prokop (Pers. 1.24.43) reports failure of the spiral staircase |
Sangarius Bridge | Adapazarı | Turkey | 559-562 | 10.37 m | 1 | In the south pillar of the triumphal arch |
See also
Remarks
- ↑ Preserve ancient structures up to this height.
- ↑ Reported date of the event.
- ↑ Height of the round arch.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Beckmann (2002), p. 354
- ↑ a b c Ruggeri (2006), p. 77
- ↑ a b c Beckmann (2002), pp. 353-356
- ↑ Beckmann (2002), p. 355
- ↑ Jones (1993), pp. 28,31
- ↑ Jones (1993), pp. 28,38
- ↑ a b Beckmann (2002), p. 352
- ↑ Werner Schäfke (1984), p. 102
- ↑ Rasch (1985), p. 123, fn. 27
- ↑ Beckmann (2002), p. 349
- ^ Whitby (1985), p. 129
literature
- Martin Beckmann: The 'Columnae Coc (h) lides' of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius . In: Phoenix . Vol. 56, No. 3/4, 2002, pp. 348-357
- Mark Wilson Jones: One Hundred Feet and a Spiral Stair: The Problem of Designing Trajan's Column . In: Journal of Roman Archeology . Vol. 6, 1993, pp. 23-38
- Lynne Lancaster: Building Trajan's Column . In: American Journal of Archeology . Vol. 103, No. 3, 1999, pp. 419–439 (not evaluated)
- Jürgen Rasch: The dome in Roman architecture. Development, design, construction . In: Architectura . Vol. 15, 1985, pp. 117-139
- Stefania Ruggeri: Selinunte . Edizioni Affinità Elettive, Messina 2006, ISBN 88-8405-079-0 , p. 77
- Werner Schäfke : Cologne's Romanesque churches. Architecture, furnishings, history . Cologne 1984, ISBN 3-7701-1360-8 , p. 102
- Michael Whitby : Justinian's Bridge over the Sangarius and the Date of Procopius' de Aedificiis . In: The Journal of Hellenic Studies . Vol. 105, 1985, pp. 129-148
Web links
- Traianus - Technical investigations of Roman buildings