List of Explorer missions

The list of Explorer missions leads in chronological order all the satellites , which in the Explorer program of NASA were realized. The satellites that failed to reach an orbit due to the failure of the launch vehicle are also mentioned. It does not include missions that were canceled before the start or were transferred from the Explorer program to another satellite program.

overview

By 2019, 105 Explorer satellites had been launched, 94 of them successfully. At least four more missions with eight individual satellites are planned for the next few years.

Research area	successes	False starts	Planned
Atmospheric density	4th	3	0
Earth atmosphere research	10	0	0
Exoplanet research	1	0	0
Gamma astronomy	4th	0	0
earth sciences	2	0	0
Infrared astronomy	2	0	1
Ionospheric research	11	5	0
Cosmic radiation / energetic particles	7th	3	0
Magnetospheric research	26th	0	2
Micrometeorites	4th	1	0
Microwave astronomy	3	0	0
Radio astronomy	2	0	0
X-ray astronomy	4th	0	1
Satellite geodesy	2	0	0
Solar research	6th	0	4th
Ultraviolet astronomy	5	0	0
total	94	11	8th

Missions

List updated on October 11, 2019

1950s - 1960s - 1970s - 1980s - 1990s - 2000s - 2010s - 2020s

Explorer	Surname	date	Launch rocket	Starting place	Orbit ( apogee , perigee , inclination )	Dimensions	description	image
1950s
Explorer 1		February 1, 1958	Juno I	CC	356 km 2,548 km 33.24 °	14 kg	Explorer 1 was the first successful American satellite mission.
Explorer 2		March 5, 1958	Juno I	CC	False start	14 kg	Satellite for exploring the ionosphere . Largely identical to Explorer-1, -3, -4 and -5.
Explorer 3		March 26, 1958	Juno I	CC	186 km 2,799 km 33.38 °	14 kg	Satellite for exploring the ionosphere . Largely identical to Explorer-1, -2, -4 and -5.
Explorer 4		July 26, 1958	Juno I	CC	263 km 2,213 km 50.25 °	17 kg	Satellite for exploring the ionosphere . Largely identical to Explorer-1, -2, -3 and -5.
Explorer 5		August 24, 1958	Juno I	CC	False start	17 kg	Satellite for exploring the ionosphere . Largely identical to Explorer-1, -2, -3 and -4.
After Explorer 5, the Explorer name was only given after successful starts. Each Explorer satellite has a subname - depending on which scientific project it was part of.
	S-1	July 16, 1959	Juno II	CC	False start	41 kg	Research on cosmic rays and energetic particles
Explorer 6	S-2	7th August 1959	Thor-DM18 Able-3	CC	245 km 42,400 km 47.00 °	64 kg	Investigation of geomagnetism and the propagation of radio waves in the higher atmosphere.
Explorer 7	S-1a	October 13, 1959	Juno II	CC	560 km 1,090 km 50.27 °	41 kg	Research on cosmic rays and energetic particles. Largely identical to the S-1.
1960s
	S-46	March 23, 1960	Juno II	CC	False start	41 kg	Satellite to measure the electron and proton energies in the radiation belt.
Explorer 8	S-30	November 3, 1960	Juno II	CC	416 km 2,290 km 49.98 °	41 kg	Exploration of the ionosphere .
	P.56	4th December 1960	Scout-X1	WFF	False start	7 kg	Balloon satellite for measuring the density of the atmosphere.
Explorer 9	S-56a	February 16, 1961	Scout-X1	WFF	634 km 2,583 km 38.86 °	7 kg	Balloon satellite for measuring the density of the atmosphere.
	S-45	February 24, 1961	Juno II	CC	False start	34 kg	Exploring the shape of the ionosphere
Explorer 10	P-14	March 25, 1961	delta	CC	221 km 181,100 km 33.00 °	35 kg	Investigation of the Earth's magnetic fields
Explorer 11	S-15	April 27, 1961	Juno II	CC	487 km 1,779 km 28.80 °	43 kg	First gamma astronomy satellite
	S-45a	May 25, 1961	Juno II	CC	False start	41 kg	Exploring the shape of the ionosphere
	S-55	June 30, 1961	Scout-X1	WFF	False start	85 kg	Measurement of the frequency of micrometeorites .
Explorer 12	EPE-A	August 16, 1961	delta	CC	314 km 77,310 km 33.10 °	38 kg	Energetic Particles Explorer : Exploring energetic particles in the magnetosphere .
Explorer 13	S-55a	August 25, 1961	Scout-X1	WFF	125 km 1,164 km 37.70 °	85 kg	Measurement of the frequency of micrometeorites . Orbit too low, mission failure .
Explorer 14	EPE-B	October 2, 1961	Delta-A	CC	281 km 98,530 km 32.95 °	40 kg	Energetic Particles Explorer : Exploring energetic particles in the magnetosphere.
Explorer 15	EPE-C	October 27, 1962	Delta-A	CC	313 km 17,640 km 18.02 °	45 kg	Energetic Particles Explorer : Exploring energetic particles in the magnetosphere.
Explorer 16	S-55b	December 16, 1962	Scout-X3	WFF	750 km 1,181 km 52.01 °	101 kg	Measurement of the frequency of micrometeorites .
Explorer 17	AE-A	April 3, 1963	Delta-C	CC	255 km 917 km 57.63 °	184 kg	Atmosphere Explorer : Exploring the upper atmosphere
Explorer 18	IMP-A, IMP-1	November 27, 1963	Delta-C	CC	192 km 197,616 km 33.34 °	62 kg	Interplanetary Monitoring Platform : highly elliptical orbit for exploring the magnetosphere.
Explorer 19	AD-A	December 19, 1963	Scout-X4	VAFB	590 km 2,394 km 78.62 °	7 kg	Air Density Explorer : balloon satellite for measuring atmospheric density .
	BE-A	March 19, 1964	Delta-B	CC	False start	120 kg	Beacon Explorer : Exploring the Ionosphere
Explorer 20	IE-A	August 28, 1964	Scout-X4	VAFB	871 km 1,018 km 79.87 °	44 kg	Ionosphere Explorer : Exploring the ionosphere
Explorer 21	IMP-B, IMP-2	4th October 1964	Delta-C	CC	190 km 95,592 km 33.53 °	62 kg	Interplanetary Monitoring Platform : highly elliptical orbit for exploring the magnetosphere.
Explorer 22	BE-B	October 10, 1964	Scout-X4	VAFB	889 km 1,081 km 79.69 °	60 kg	Beacon Explorer : Exploring the Ionosphere.
Explorer 23	S-55c	November 6, 1964	Scout-X4	WFF	466 km 977 km 51.95 °	134 kg	Measurement of the frequency of micrometeorites .
Explorer 24	AD-B	November 21, 1964	Scout-X4	VAFB	525 km 2,498 km 81.36 °	9 kg	Air Density Explorer : balloon satellite for measuring atmospheric density .
Explorer 25	IE-B, Injun-4				522 km 2,494 km 81.36 °	40 kg	Ionosphere Explorer : Exploring the ionosphere.
Explorer 26	EPE-D	December 21, 1964	Delta-C	CC	316 km 26,191 km 20.14 °	46 kg	Energetic Particles Explorer : Exploring energetic particles in the magnetosphere.
Explorer 27	BE-C	April 29, 1965	Scout-X4	WFF	941 km 1,317 km 41.19 °	60 kg	Beacon Explorer : Exploring the Ionosphere.
Explorer 28	IMP-C, IMP-3	May 29, 1965	Delta-C	CC	229 km 261,206 km 30.50 °	59 kg	Interplanetary Monitoring Platform : highly elliptical orbit for exploring the magnetosphere.
Explorer 29	GEOS-A	November 6, 1965	Delta-E	CC	1,115 km 2,277 km 59.38 °	175 kg	Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite : geodetic survey of the earth.
Explorer 30	SE-A, Solrad-8, IQSY	November 19, 1965	Scout-X4	WFF	704 km 891 km 59.72 °	57 kg	Solar Explorer : Solar research in collaboration with the Naval Research Laboratory .
Explorer 31	DME-A	November 29, 1965	Thor-DM21 Agena-B	VAFB	505 km 2,978 km 79.82 °	98 kg	Direct Measurement Explorer : exploring the ionosphere, start together with Alouette 2
Explorer 32	AE-B	May 25, 1966	Delta C1	CC	289 km 2,716 km 64.66 °	225 kg	Atmosphere Explorer : Exploring the upper atmosphere.
Explorer 33	IMP-D, AIMP-1	July 1, 1966	Delta-E1	CC	30,532 km 494,230 km 29.00 °	212 kg	Interplanetary Monitoring Platform : Planned lunar satellite to explore the magnetosphere.
Explorer 34	IMP-F, IMP-4	May 24, 1967	Delta-E1	VAFB	4,006 km 207,380 km 66.97 °	75 kg	Interplanetary Monitoring Platform : highly elliptical orbit for exploring the magnetosphere.
Explorer 35	IMP-E, AIMP-2	July 19, 1967	Delta-E1	CC	Lunar orbit 764 km 7,886 km 147.30 °	kg	Interplanetary Monitoring Platform : Exploring the Earth's magnetosphere from a lunar orbit.
Explorer 36	GEOS-B	January 11, 1968	Delta-E1	VAFB	1,084 km 1,577 km 105.80 °	209 kg	Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite : geodetic survey of the earth.
Explorer 37	SE-B, Solrad-9	5th March 1968	Scout-B	WFF	513 km 881 km 59.43 °	90 kg	Solar Explorer : Solar research in collaboration with the Naval Research Laboratory .
Explorer 38	RAE-A	4th July 1968	Delta-J	VAFB	5,851 km 5,861 km 120.64 °	188 kg	Radio-Astronomy-Explorer : Radio astronomy satellite that examined radio emissions in the frequency range from 0.2 to 20 MHz.
Explorer 39	AD-C	August 8, 1968	Scout-B	VAFB	670 km 2,538 km 80.66 °	9 kg	Air Density Explorer : balloon satellite for measuring atmospheric density .
Explorer 40	IE-C, Injun-5				681 km 2,533 km 80.67 °	71 kg	Ionosphere Explorer : Exploring the ionosphere.
Explorer 41	IMP-G, IMP-5	June 21, 1969	Delta-E1	VAFB	3,920 km 172,912 km 85.10 °	79 kg	Interplanetary Monitoring Platform : Highly elliptical orbit for exploring the magnetosphere.
1970s
Explorer 42	SAS-A, SAS-1, Uhuru	December 12, 1970	Scout-B	SM	521 km 570 km 3.00 °	163 kg	Small Astronomy Satellite : First X-ray astronomy satellite for mapping X-ray sources.
Explorer 43	IMP-H, IMP-5	March 13, 1971	Delta-M6	CC	1,845 km 203,130 km 31.2 °	288 kg	Interplanetary Monitoring Platform Satellite in a highly elliptical orbit for exploring the magnetosphere
Explorer 44	SE-C, Solrad-10	July 8, 1971	Scout-B	WFF	436 km 630 km 51.00 °	118 kg	Solar Explorer Satellite for solar research in collaboration with the Naval Research Laboratory .
Explorer 45	SSS-A	15th November 1971	Scout-B	SM	272 km 18,149 km 3.20 °	52 kg	Small Scientific Satellite : Exploring the Magnetosphere.
Explorer 46	MTS A	August 13, 1972	Scout-D1	WFF	496 km 814 km 37.70 °	90 kg	Meteoroid Technology Satellite : Measurement of micrometeorite frequency
Explorer 47	IMP-I, IMP-7	23rd September 1972	Delta-1604		201,100 km 235,600 km 17.20 °	390 kg	Interplanetary Monitoring Platform : high orbit for exploring the magnetosphere
Explorer 48	SAS-B, SAS-2	November 15, 1972	Scout-D1	SM	526 km 526 km 1.00 °	186 kg	Small Astronomy Satellite : Gamma astronomy satellite for mapping individual gamma sources in the sky and the diffuse gamma emission.
Explorer 49	RAE-B	June 10, 1973	Delta-1913	CC	Lunar orbit 157 km 476 km 29.30 °	328 kg	Radio Astronomy Explorer : Radio astronomy satellite reached lunar orbit five days after launch.
Explorer 50	IMP-J, IMP-8	October 26, 1973	Delta-1604		141,185 km 288,857 km 28.70 °	390 kg	Interplanetary Monitoring Platform : high orbit for exploring the magnetosphere.
Explorer 51	AE-C	16th December 1973	Delta 1900	VAFB	158 km 4,303 km 68.12 °	658 kg	Atmosphere Explorer : Exploring the upper atmosphere and the ozone layer .
Explorer 52	IE-D, Injun-6, Hawkeye	3rd June 1974	Scout-E1	VAFB	802 km 126,602 km 83.10 °	27 kg	Investigation of the magnetosphere from a highly elliptical orbit.
Explorer 53	SAS-C, SAS-3	May 4th 1975	Scout F1	SM	499 km 508 km 2.99 °	195 kg	Small Astronomy Satellite : X-ray astronomy satellite for determining the position of X-ray sources.
Explorer 54	AE-D	October 6, 1975	Delta-2910	VAFB	155 km 3,816 km 90.10 °	676 kg	Atmosphere Explorer : Exploring the upper atmosphere and the ozone layer .
Explorer 55	AE-E	20th November 1975	Delta-2910	CC	156 km 2,983 km 19.70 °	721 kg	Atmosphere Explorer : Exploring the upper atmosphere and the ozone layer .
	DADA	5th December 1975	Scout F1	VAFB	False start	40 kg	Dual Air Density Explorer Measurement of atmospheric density
	DAD-B					9 kg	Dual Air Density Explorer : balloon satellite for measuring the density of the atmosphere.
After Explorer 55, the designation of the satellites and probes through their project names became common. However, the numbered Explorer designation is still assigned after a successful start.
Explorer 56	ISEE-1	October 22, 1977	Delta-2914	CC	337 km 137,904 km 28.95 °	340 kg	International Sun-Earth Explorer : Exploring the outer limits of the magnetosphere from a highly elliptical orbit.
Explorer 57	IUE	January 26, 1978	Delta-2914	CC	30,210 km 41,343 km 33.77 °	1479 kg	International Ultraviolet Explorer : Space telescope developed in cooperation with ESA for ultraviolet astronomy in a quasi-stationary orbit.
Explorer 58	HCMM , AEM-1	April 26, 1978	Scout-D1	VAFB	558 km 646 km 97.6 °	134 kg	Heat Capacity Mapping Mission : Thermal mapping of the earth
Explorer 59	ISEE-3 / ICE	August 12, 1978	Delta-2914	CC	L-1 orbit later heliocentric 0.93 AU 1.03 AU 0.10 °	469 kg	International Sun-Earth Explorer / International Cometary Explorer : Space probe for exploring the solar wind .
Explorer 60	SAGE , AEM-2	18th February 1979	Scout-D1	WFF	456 km 506 km 55.00 °	147 kg	Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment : Measurement of aerosols and ozone in the atmosphere.
Explorer 61	Magsat , AEM-3	October 30, 1979	Scout-G1	VAFB	352 km 561 km 96.80 °	181 kg	Investigation of the Earth's near magnetic field .
1980s
Explorer 62	DE-1	3rd August 1981	Delta-3913	VAFB	528 km 23,264 km 88.49 °	424 kg	Dynamics Explorer : Two identical satellites in different orbits to explore the interaction between plasma , the magnetosphere and the ionosphere .
Explorer 63	DE-2				298 km 996 km 90.00 °	415 kg
Explorer 64	SME	October 6, 1981	Delta-2310	VAFB	335 km 337 km 97.60 °	439 kg	Solar Mesosphere Explorer : Investigation of the ozone generating and destroying processes in the earth's mesosphere and the influence of solar radiation on these processes.
Explorer 65	CCE	August 16, 1984	Delta-3924	CC	1,095 km 49,688 km 3.19 °	242 kg	Charge Composition Explorer : Exploration of the magnetosphere together with a German (IRM) and a British (UKS-1) subsatellite.
Explorer 66	COBE	November 18, 1989	Delta-5920	VAFB	876 km 888 km 99.00 °	2,250 kg	Cosmic Background Explorer : Investigating cosmic background radiation to gather additional evidence for the Big Bang theory .
1990s
Explorer 67	EUVE	June 7, 1992	Delta-6920-10	CC	514 km 529 km 28.43 °	3,256 kg	Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer : Space Telescope for Ultraviolet Astronomy .
Explorer 68	SAMPEX , SMEX-1	4th February 1992	Scout-G1	VAFB	515 km 691 km 81.67 °	158 kg	Solar Anomalous & Magnetospheric Particle Explorer : Research into the effects of anomalous solar emissions on the magnetosphere.
Explorer 69	RXTE , XTE, Rossi	December 30, 1995	Delta-7920-10	CC	565 km 585 km 22.99 °	3,045 kg	Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer : Orbital X-ray telescope for the observation of rapidly changing high-energy X-ray sources.
Explorer 70	FAST , SMEX-2	August 21, 1996	Pegasus-XL	VAFB	351 km 4,165 km 82.98 °	180 kg	Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer : Study of the northern lights and related phenomena.
Explorer 71	ACE	5th August 1997	Delta-7920-8	CC	L-1 orbit	765 kg	Advanced Composition Explorer : Analysis of solar, interplanetary, interstellar and cosmic particles near the Lagrange point L 1.
Explorer 72	SNOE , STEDI-1	February 26, 1998	Pegasus-XL	VAFB	539 km 578 km 97.75 °	132 kg	Student Nitric Oxide Explorer : Atmospheric research satellite for measuring nitrogen oxide concentrations in the upper atmosphere.
Explorer 73	TRACE , SMEX-4	April 1, 1998	Pegasus-XL	VAFB	599 km 641 km 97.98 °	225 kg	Transition Region and Coronal Explorer : Investigation of the three-dimensional magnetic structures in the photosphere of the sun.
Explorer 74	SWAS , SMEX-3	December 6, 1998	Pegasus-XL	VAFB	637 km 653 km 69.90 °	283 kg	Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite : Space telescope for studying the spectra of interstellar matter .
Explorer 75	WIRE , SMEX-5	March 5, 1999	Pegasus-XL	VAFB	539 km 588 km 97.53 °	275 kg	Wide Field Infrared Explorer : Infrared telescope with a 30 cm telescope cooled with solid hydrogen to below 14 Kelvin.
Explorer 76	TERRIERS , STEDI-2	May 18, 1999	Pegasus-XL	VAFB	542 km 554 km 97.72 °	121 kg	Topographic Experiment using Radiative Recombinative Ionospheric EUV and Radio Sources : Atmospheric Research Satellite Missionsfehlschlag
Explorer 77	FUSE , MIDEX-0	June 23, 1999	Delta-7320	CC	754 km 770 km 24.99 °	1,360 kg	Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer : space telescope for ultraviolet astronomy
2000s
Explorer 78	IMAGE , MIDEX-1	March 25, 2000	Delta-7326	VAFB	987 km 45,993 km 89.92 °	494 kg	Imager for Magnetopause to Aurora Global Exploration : Investigation of the magnetosphere from a highly elliptical orbit.
Explorer 79	HETE 2	October 9, 2000	Pegasus-H	Kw	596 km 636 km 1.96 °	124 kg	High Energy Transient Explorer : Localization of gamma-ray bursts .
Explorer 80	WMAP , MAP, Wilkinson, MIDEX-2	June 30, 2001	Delta-7425-10C	CC	L-2 orbit	800 kg	Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe : Measurement of the cosmic background radiation .
Explorer 81	RHESSI , HESSI, SMEX-6	February 5, 2002	Pegasus-XL	VAFB	588 km 609 km 38.04 °	293 kg	Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager : Investigation of the sun in the X-ray and gamma-ray range
Explorer 82	CHIPSat , UNEX 1	January 12, 2003	Delta-7320-10C	VAFB	586 km 594 km 94.00 °	60 kg	Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer Satellite : Research satellite for the investigation of hot gas in space using ultraviolet spectroscopy. Started together with ICESat
Explorer 83	GALEX , SMEX-7	April 28, 2003	Pegasus-XL	CC	691 km 699 km 29.01 °	312 kg	Galaxy Evolution Explorer : Observation of galaxies in the ultraviolet part of the electromagnetic spectrum
Explorer 84	Swift , MIDEX-3	November 20, 2004	Delta-7320-10C	CC	587 km 604 km 20.55 °	1,331 kg	The fastest possible registration of gamma-ray flashes to enable follow-up observation through earth-based telescopes.
Explorer 85	THEMIS A , MIDEX-5A	February 17, 2007	Delta-7925-10C	CC	3,827 km 210,480 km 3.9 °	126 kg	Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms : Project consisting of five identical satellites that investigate partial storms in the Earth's magnetosphere.
Explorer 86	THEMIS B , MIDEX-5B				1,276 km 120,550 km 9.80 °	126 kg
Explorer 87	THEMIS C , MIDEX-5C				3,827 km 67,610 km 7.00 °	126 kg
Explorer 88	THEMIS D , MIDEX-5D				3,827 km 67,610 km 7.00 °	126 kg
Explorer 89	THEMIS E , MIDEX-5E				1,913 km 77,180 km 12.00 °	126 kg
Explorer 90	AIM , SMEX-9	April 25, 2007	Pegasus-XL	VAFB	585 km 600 km 97.79 °	200 kg	Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere : Exploring the glowing night clouds in the mesosphere
Explorer 91	IBEX , SMEX-10	October 19, 2008	Pegasus-XL	Kw	43,057 km 333,439 km 26.02 °	107 kg	Interstellar Boundary Explorer : Exploring the boundary layer between the heliosphere and the local interstellar medium by measuring energetic neutral atoms generated in the region.
Explorer 92	WISE , MIDEX-6	December 14, 2009	Delta-7320-10C	VAFB	525 km 525 km 97.36 °	532 kg	Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer : Infrared telescope
2010s
Explorer 93	NuSTAR , SMEX-11	June 13, 2012	Pegasus-XL	Kw	604 km 619 km 6.03 °	360 kg	Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array : Orbital X-ray telescope .
Explorer 94	IRIS , SMEX-12	June 28, 2013	Pegasus-XL	VAFB	623 km 670 km 97.95 °	200 kg	Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph : Orbital solar telescope with spectrograph for studying the chromosphere
Explorer 95	TESS , MIDEX-7	April 18, 2018	Falcon 9	CC	1,063 km 355,646 km 28.91 °	365 kg	Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite : small space telescope to find extrasolar planets using the transit method .
Explorer 96	ICON , MIDEX-8	October 11, 2019	Pegasus-XL	CC	574 km approx. 616 km 26.99 °	287 kg	Ionospheric Connection Explorer Satellite for exploring the interactions between the earth's atmosphere and the surrounding space
Scheduled missions
Explorer	IXPE , SMEX-14	April 2021	Falcon 9	KSC	540 km 540 km 0 °	170 kg	Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer : Satellite designed to explore black holes, neutron stars and pulsars
Explorer	PUNCH A (SMEX)	August 2022			approx. 560 km		Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere : Constellation of four microsatellites that are supposed to investigate the solar corona and the heliosphere
Explorer	PUNCH B (SMEX)				approx. 560 km
Explorer	PUNCH C (SMEX)				approx. 560 km
Explorer	PUNCH D (SMEX)				approx. 560 km
Explorer	Tracer A (SMEX)	August 2022			approx. 600 km		Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites : two satellites to study the magnetopause
Explorer	Tracer B (SMEX)				approx. 600 km
Explorer	SPHEREx , MIDEX-9	2023				69 kg	Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization, and Ices Explorer : Satellite to measure 450 million galaxies in the near infrared range .

Starting locations

So far, the Explorer satellites have been launched into space from five different launch sites:

• CC = Cape Canaveral Air Force Station , Florida
• KSC = Kennedy Space Center , Florida
• Kw = Kwajalein , Marshall Islands
• SM = San Marco Platform , off the coast of Kenya
• VAFB = Vandenberg Air Force Base , California
• WFF = Wallops Flight Facility , Virginia

literature

• The RAE Tables of Earth Satellites 1957-1989

Web links

Commons : Explorer Missions  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• NASA: NASA's Explorer Program Satellites (English)
• NASA: Explorers Program (English)
• RAE Tables of Earth Satellites with supplements (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Michael Clormann: Open ISIS! in Raumfahrer.net, Date: June 28, 2013, Accessed: July 2, 2013; Inclination of Space-Track.org, October 11, 2019
2. ↑ Video recording of the start , from 1:06:30.
3. ^ NASA Awards Launch Services Contract for Groundbreaking Astrophysics Mission. In: NASA. July 8, 2019, accessed July 9, 2019 . 
4. ↑ IXPE (Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer) in eoPortal, accessed on 11 October of 2019.
5. ^ ^{A b} NASA Selects Missions to Study Our Sun, Its Effects on Space Weather. NASA, June 20, 2019, accessed October 11, 2019 . 
6. ↑ NASA selects PUNCH, a new mission to study the Sun. In: Astronomy.com. June 21, 2019, accessed October 11, 2019 . 
7. ↑ Four Berkeley satellites could be exploring Mars and Earth by 2022. In: Berkeley News. July 9, 2019, accessed October 11, 2019 . 
8. ↑ NASA Selects New Mission to Explore Origins of Universe. nasa, February 13, 2019, accessed on February 17, 2019 .