List of paintings by Leonardo da Vinci

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Portrait of Leonardo da Vinci,
red chalk on paper, 27.5 × 19.0 cm,
Francesco Melzi around 1510

Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) was one of the leading artists of the Renaissance .

The estate

The number of paintings by Leonardo da Vinci that have survived is small. At present, only fifteen surviving paintings are wholly or partially ascribed to him. The dating of the works is often uncertain. Most of them are available as oil paintings , on wood as picture carriers . The mural in the refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan has also been preserved: “ The Last Supper ”.

The attribution of further pictures is controversial. Some are missing and today only witness reports, copies by contemporary artists and Leonardo's studies and drafts for the preparation of the paintings indicate their previous existence. It is assumed, however, that no more than a handful of works that are entirely or largely his own have been lost. And of those paintings that are now considered to be Leonardo's major works, he seems to have never given up five or six, including the “ Mona Lisa ”.

The most recent example of a previously controversial attribution is the portrait “ La Bella Principessa ”. In 2009, the British art historian Martin Kemp caused a stir with the rewriting of the painting. Kemp justified the attribution of the "Bella Principessa" by forensic investigation methods. It would be the first discovery of a previously unknown Leonardo work in 100 years.

The small number of paintings is often explained by Leonardo's slow working method and his chronic habit of always delaying the completion of the works. Sometimes it is assumed that he was unable to bring projects that have already started to completion. On the other hand, it is believed that as an imaginative engineer and inventive technologist, he did not have to rely on making his income from the production and sale of works of art.

Nevertheless, Leonardo's few works, along with his notebooks , sketches, drawings and scientific treatises, became groundbreaking for later generations of artists.

Leonardo's workshop

Leonardo received his artistic training from around 1470 to 1477 as a student of the painter and sculptor Andrea del Verrocchio (1435 / 36–1488) in Florence . Some of Verrocchio's paintings from this period, such as Tobias and the Angel (dated around 1470–1475) and The Baptism of Christ (dated around 1472–1475), are attributed to a participation by Leonardo.

From around 1477 Leonardo da Vinci ran his own studio in Florence. In Milan , where he worked from 1482, he only founded a workshop (Italian: bottega ) at the end of the 1480s , in which he trained students and employed journeymen, but also craftsmen such as the metallurgist and paint mixer Tommaso Masini (1462 / 66– around 1520). From 1490/92 the workshop was in the “Corte Vecchia” (Italian for old court ), on the site of today's Palazzo Reale , in the south of the Piazza del Duomo . It gave rise to artists such as Ambrogio de Predis (around 1455– after 1508), Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio (1467–1516), Cesare da Sesto (1477–1523) and Marco d'Oggiono (around 1475– around 1530).

It is reported that the journeymen carried out the master's orders according to his instructions and that Leonardo occasionally lent a hand himself. In later epochs it was quite common for the master to also sign the work of his employees. However, the artists of the 15th and 16th centuries rarely signed their work. None of Leonardo's paintings or those that can be proven to have been made in his workshop bears a signature .

Leonardo's probably last painting, John the Baptist , is dated around 1513–1516. It is believed that in the last few years of his life he suffered from the effects of a stroke , a right-sided hemiparesis . Since Leonardo was left-handed and drew and wrote with his left hand, he was still able to make drawings and sketches. However, no paintings from the years 1516 to 1519 are known.

Well-known plants and their locations

Locations of the paintings by Leonardo da Vinci in Europe

The paintings are now in various collections in Europe and North America.

The " Portrait of Ginevra de 'Benci " is currently the only painting by Leonardo da Vinci that is currently in a collection outside Europe, in the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC

The National Gallery of Art acquired the work in 1967 for 5 million US dollars . This made the portrait of Ginevra de 'Benci the most expensive painting to date .

In the same museum you can find the Madonna picture “Maria with the child and a pomegranate” (also called “Madonna Dreyfus”). However, the authorship is controversial and is today attributed to Lorenzo di Credi (around 1459-1537).

On November 15, 2017, the painting " Salvator mundi " was sold to an unknown bidder in an auction by Christie's auction house for the record amount of 450.3 million US dollars (the equivalent of around 382 million euros). According to Christie's, it is the most expensive work of art ever to be auctioned. In December 2017 it was announced that the painting will be on view in the Louvre Abu Dhabi in the future .

exhibition

From November 9, 2011 to February 5, 2012, the National Gallery in London showed nine of the fifteen paintings by Leonardo da Vinci and a large number of his sketches and drawings in the exhibition “Leonardo da Vinci - Painter at the court of Milan”.

The following list of well-known works by Leonardo da Vinci includes lost paintings and works that are not clearly attributed to him.

Title
(version; format)
Dating Museum / collection Location Attribution Illustration
Tobias and the Angel
( tempera on wood; 66 × 84 cm)
around 1470-1475 National Gallery London Andrea del Verrocchio , Leonardo da Vinci's involvement controversial Verrocchio workshop - Tobias and the Angel - NG.jpg
The baptism of Christ
(oil on wood; 152 × 180 cm)
around 1472-1475 Uffizi Gallery Florence Andrea del Verrocchio and Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo da Vinci 017.jpg
The Annunciation
(oil and tempera on wood; 98 × 217 cm)
around 1472-1475 Uffizi Gallery Florence secured Leonardo da Vinci - Annunciazione - c.  1472 - 1475 left.jpg
The adoration of the child with two angels in a landscape
(tempera on wood; 47 × 60 cm)
around 1473–1478 Institute of Arts Detroit Circle of Andrea del Verrocchio, participation of Leonardo da Vinci controversial Verrocchio and Leonardo da Vinci (attrib) The Detroit Adoration 02.png
Madonna with the Carnation
(oil on panel; 47.5 × 62 cm)
around 1473–1478 Old Pinakothek Munich secured Leonardo da Vinci Madonna of the Carnation.jpg
Portrait of Ginevra de 'Benci
(oil on panel; 37 × 43 cm)
around 1474–1478 National Gallery of Art Washington secured Leonardo da Vinci - Ginevra de 'Benci - Google Art Project.jpg
Madonna Dreyfus
(oil on panel; 13 × 16 cm)
around 1475-1480 National Gallery of Art Washington controversial, presumably Lorenzo di Credi Lorenzo di Credi - Madonna Dreyfus.jpg
Madonna Benois
(oil on canvas ; 31 × 48 cm)
around 1475–1478 Hermitage St. Petersburg secured Leonardo da Vinci 026.jpg
Saint Jerome
(oil and tempera on wood; 73.5 × 103 cm; unfinished)
around 1480 Vatican Museums Vatican secured
On the person depicted, see Hieronymus (Church Father) .
Leonardo da Vinci - Saint Jerome.jpg
The Adoration of the Magi of the Orient
(oil on panel; 247 × 246 cm, unfinished)
around 1481 Uffizi Gallery Florence secured.
For the depicted subject, see Three Kings .
Leonardo da Vinci - Adorazione dei Magi - Google Art Project.jpg
The Rock Grotto Madonna , 1st version
(oil on wood; 122 × 199 cm)
around 1483–1486 Louvre Paris secured Leonardo Da Vinci - Vergine delle Rocce (Louvre) .jpg
The Lady with an Ermine
(oil and tempera on wood; 40 × 55 cm)
around 1483-1490 National Museum Krakow secured The Lady with an Ermine.jpg
Portrait of a musician
(oil and tempera on wood; 32 × 45 cm)
around 1485-1490 Pinacoteca Ambrosiana Milan controversial
For the biography of the person presumably represented, see Franchino Gaffurio .
Léonard de Vinci - Portrait d'un musicien.jpg
Madonna Litta
(oil and tempera on canvas; 33 × 42 cm)
around 1490–1495 Hermitage St. Petersburg controversial Leonardo da Vinci attributed - Madonna Litta.jpg
La Belle Ferronnière
(oil on panel ; 44 × 62 cm)
around 1490–1496 Louvre Paris controversial
For the biography of the person depicted, see La Belle Ferronière .
La Belle Ferronnière.jpg
La Bella Principessa
(chalk and ink on vellum ; 22 × 33 cm)
around 1490? Privately owned controversial Profile of a Young Fiancee - da Vinci.jpg
The Rock Grotto Madonna , 2nd version
(oil on wood; 120 × 189.5 cm)
around 1493–1508 National Gallery London secured Leonardo, Felsgrottenmadonna2.JPG
The Last Supper
( Secco painting ; 422 × 904 cm)
around 1494–1498 Santa Maria delle Grazie monastery Milan secured Leonardo, ultima cena (restored) 02.jpg
Salvator Mundi
(oil on panel; 66 × 46 cm)
around 1500 Privately owned,
Louvre Abu Dhabi
Abu Dhabi controversial Leonardo da Vinci or Boltraffio (attrib) Salvator Mundi circa 1500.jpg
Madonna with the spindle around 1501 lost,
various copies available
Leonardo's work on this painting is considered certain Leonardo da Vinci, Madonna of the Yarnwinder, Buccleuch version.jpg
The battle of Anghiari
(presumably unfinished)
around 1503–1506 lost,
original location as a mural in Palazzo Vecchio , Florence.
Studies available in the holdings of the Royal Collection , Windsor
Leonardo's work on this painting is considered certain.
For the event of the battle, see Battle of Anghiari .
Leonardo da Vinci - Study of Two Warriors' Heads for the Battle of Anghiari - Google Art Project.jpg
Portrait of the Mona Lisa
(oil on panel; 53 × 77 cm)
around 1503–1505 Louvre Paris secured Mona Lisa headcrop.jpg
Leda with the swan around 1503–1508 lost,
various studies available
Leonardo's work on this painting is considered certain.
For the depicted subject, see Leda (mythology) .
Leonardo da Vinci - Study for a kneeling Leda - WGA12756.jpg
Anna selbdritt
(oil on panel; 130 × 168 cm)
around 1508-1510 Louvre Paris secured Leonardo da Vinci - Virgin and Child with St Anne C2RMF retouched.jpg
La Scapigliata
(oil on panel; 21 × 24.7 cm)
around 1508 Galleria nazionale di Parma Parma secured Lascapigliata.jpg
Bacchus
(oil on wood; 115 × 177 cm)
around 1510–1515 Louvre Paris secured Leonardo da Vinci 001.jpg
John the Baptist
(oil on wood; 57 × 69 cm)
around 1513-1516 Louvre Paris secured Leonardo da Vinci - Saint John the Baptist C2RMF retouched.jpg

literature

Web links

Commons : Painting by Leonardo da Vinci  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b Kemp, p. 20
  2. Tom O'Neill: La Bella Principessa - a real da Vinci? In: National Geographic Germany . February 2012, pp. 122–129.
  3. New da Vinci discovered? - Dear princess. ( Memento of the original from October 17, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , October 14, 2009. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sueddeutsche.de
  4. Da Vinci code decoded: Real picture, wrong woman ?, by Ulli Tückmantel.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: RP Online , October 15, 2009.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.rp-online.de  
  5. Kemp, p. 7
  6. Kemp, p. 288
  7. Brown, p. 51
  8. Nicholl, p. 122 ff
  9. Nicholl, p. 323
  10. Nicholl, p. 300
  11. Angela Ottino della Chiesa (ed.): The Complete Paintings of Leonardo da Vinci. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London 1969, ISBN 0-297-17702-8
  12. Nicholl, p. 600
  13. Ingeborg Walter , Roberto Zapperi : The portrait of the beloved: stories of love from Petrarch to Titian . C. H. Beck, Munich 2007, p. 57 ISBN 978-3-406-55502-2
  14. Da Vinci painting auctioned for $ 450,312,500 , spiegel.de, October 16, 2017.
  15. a b c The most expensive painting in the world will hang in Abu Dhabi in future , sueddeutsche.de, December 7, 2017.
  16. Exhibition “Leonardo da Vinci - Painter at the court of Milan” ( Memento of the original from April 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the official website of the National Gallery (London) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nationalgallery.org.uk
  17. Da Vinci in London - The ruler of souls In: faz.net , November 8, 2011
  18. Kemp, p. 27