List of stumbling blocks in Dirmstein

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Stumbling blocks for nine members of the extended Hirsch family

The list of stumbling blocks in Dirmstein includes all stumbling stones that the artist Gunter Demnig laid as part of his Stolpersteine ​​project on March 27, 2009 in the local community of Dirmstein ( Rhineland-Palatinate ). The memorial stones remember people who were victims of deportation and / or murder during the Nazi era .

All ten stones are on the sidewalk in front of the house at Mitteltor 3 ( ); the majority of the nine Jewish victims lived there, to the left of the old town hall . Right next to their stones the one was used for the British Cyril William Sibley ; it could not be relocated to the alleged location of the murder ( ) because this was built over in the second half of the 20th century with the arterial road to Offstein ( Landesstraße  455).

history

In 1933, at the beginning of the National Socialist era, 15 Jewish citizens and a so-called "second degree Jewish hybrid" lived in Dirmstein . Eleven of them belonged to the extended Hirsch family, whose head Salomon Hirsch, together with Adolf Liebmann, was also the community leader.

Although Karoline Hirsch had emigrated to the Netherlands in 1934 , she fell victim to the Holocaust in 1942. The Liebmann family with their nine-year-old daughter managed to escape to Argentina in 1937 . Frieda Hirsch also emigrated there in the same year, but was unable to bring her nine-year-old son David, whom she had left behind with his grandparents, to catch up.

The eight Jews who remained in Dirmstein in 1940, all of whom had the surname Hirsch , were deported to the Gurs camp during the Wagner-Bürckel campaign . There, in southern France, David Hirsch, now 13 years old, and Elisabeth Klara Hirsch and her daughter Ella, who were largely related to him, were able to flee independently of one another in 1941. The two women emigrated to the USA , where Ella's older brother Julius had already emigrated - probably in 1938. David Hirsch followed his mother from Switzerland to Argentina in 1947 . The remaining five abducted fell victim to the Holocaust ; two died in Gurs, the three survivors were transported to Auschwitz two years later and were taken to the gas chamber immediately upon arrival .

On February 21, 1945, shortly before the end of the Second World War, Cyril William Sibley, Sergeant of the British Royal Air Force , survived the shooting down of his plane over Dirmstein as a crew member, but was subsequently the victim of a so-called air murder by Adolf Wolfert , the Dirmstein local group leader NSDAP, and his accomplice Georg Hartleb.

Commemoration

Dirmstein commemorated the victims of the Nazi regime with a series of events in the second half of March 2009. The central historical-literary memorial evening on the occasion of the laying of the Stolperstein on March 27, 2009 was organized by the Dirmstein authors Jürgen Bich, Albert H. Keil , who was also responsible for moderation, Walter Landin and Otfried K. Linde . The congregation's guest of honor was David Hirsch (1928–2019) as the only person still alive at the time from the deported Jews of Dirmstein, who had traveled from Argentina. Two days before the celebration, he had met Paul Niedermann , his escapee from 1941, who was almost the same age , in Dirmstein .

Stumbling blocks

Place of installation Surname inscription Laying date image Remarks
Middle gate 3 Cyril William Sibley Murdered in Dirmstein
Feb. 21, 1945
Cyril W.Sibley
born 1923
British soldier in the
Air Force
March 27, 2009 2009-Dirmstein-Sibley.jpg Born on October 10, 1923 in Merthyr Tydfil , Great Britain,
victim of an air murder
     by Adolf Wolfert and Georg Hartleb after a plane was shot down
Middle gate 3 Salomon Hirsch
Salomon Hirsch,
born in 1875
, lived here, deported in 1940,
Gurs
murdered in 1942 in
Auschwitz
March 27, 2009 2009-Dirmstein-Stolperstein-09-2.jpg born on October 13, 1875 in Birkenau (Odenwald)
husband of Dina Hirsch
Dina Hirsch
Dina Hirsch
nee lived here . Strauss
born in 1872
deported
Gurs
dead in the camp in 1940 on
October 27, 1941
March 27, 2009 2009-Dirmstein-Stolperstein-09-2.jpg born on April 14, 1872 in Dirmstein,
wife of Salomon Hirsch
Sarah Strauss
Sarah Strauss,
born in 1874
, lived here, deported in 1940
Gurs
dead in the camp on
November 16 , 1940
March 27, 2009 2009-Dirmstein-Stolperstein-09-2.jpg Born on July 21, 1874 in Dirmstein,
sister of Dina Hirsch
Note:
     Difference between the stone inscription and the Federal Archives
     for first name (Sarah / Sara) and year of birth (1874/1875)
Irma Hirsch
Irma Hirsch,
born in 1905
, lived here, deported in 1940,
Gurs
murdered in 1942 in
Auschwitz
March 27, 2009 2009-Dirmstein-Stolperstein-09-2.jpg born on August 24, 1905 in Dirmstein,
daughter of Salomon and Dina Hirsch
Lilli Hirsch
Lilli Hirsch,
born in 1909
, lived here, deported in 1940,
Gurs
murdered in 1942 in
Auschwitz
March 27, 2009 2009-Dirmstein-Stolperstein-09-2.jpg born on May 16, 1909 in Dirmstein,
daughter of Salomon and Dina Hirsch
David Hirsch
David Hirsch,
born in 1928
, lived here . Deported in 1940
Gurs
Escape 1941
survived in
Switzerland
March 27, 2009 C47-20090325-Maurer-Hirsch-Niedermann-14.jpg Born on May 15, 1928 in Mainz
Son of Frieda Hirsch, grandson of Salomon and Dina Hirsch
1947 Emigrated from Switzerland to Buenos Aires , Argentina
2005 and 2009 Visits to Dirmstein,
died 2019 in Buenos Aires
Karoline Hirsch

correction

Karoline Hirsch,
born in 1892
, lived here, deported 1940
Gurs
1942 Auschwitz
murdered August 28, 1942
March 27, 2009 2009-Dirmstein-Stolperstein-09-2.jpg born on August 15, 1892 in Dirmstein
Relationship unknown
Note:
     Spelling of the first name also "Carolina"
Elisabeth Klara Hirsch Here lived
Elisabeth Klara
Hirsch
born Lorch
born in 1866
deported 1940
Gurs
Escape 1941
survived in
USA
March 27, 2009 2009-Dirmstein-Stolperstein-09-2.jpg Born on April 13, 1866 in Laumersheim.
Mother of Julius and Ella Hirsch
. November 3, 1941 Escape to the South of France
1942 Emigrated to the USA,
died 1958 in Brookline (Mass.)
Ella Hirsch
Ella Hirsch,
born in 1899
, lived here, deported in 1940
Gurs
Escape in 1941,
survived in the
USA
March 27, 2009 2009-Dirmstein-Stolperstein-09-2.jpg Born on September 5, 1899 in Dolgesheim,
daughter of Elisabeth Klara Hirsch
November 3, 1941 Fled to the South of France
1942 Emigrated to the USA,
died on February 3, 1975 in Brookline (Mass.)

In Dirmstein without a stumbling block

Place of installation Surname inscription Laying date image Remarks
  Rosa Hirsch
born Seufers
   
BW
Born on 13 March 1903 in Dirmstein
family relationship unknown
in 1939 moved to Wiesbaden , then Holzhausen über Aar
June 11, 1942 from Frankfurt in
     the Sobibor extermination camp deported and murdered

Emigrated Jews

Surname place of birth birthday image Remarks
Frieda Hirsch Dirmstein September 19, 1907
BW
Daughter of Salomon and Dina Hirsch
July 8, 1937, emigrated to Argentina,
died in Buenos Aires
Julius Hirsch Dolgesheim August 15, 1896
BW
Son of Elisabeth Klara Hirsch
1938 emigrated to Brookline (Mass.) , USA
died in April 1969 in Malden (Mass.)
Adolf Liebmann Dirmstein September 25, 1890
BW
Emilia Liebmann's husband
June 1, 1937, emigrated to Argentina,
further life data unknown
Emilia Liebmann Kirchheim an der Weinstrasse June 27, 1892
BW
Wife of Adolf Liebmann
June 1, 1937, emigrated to Argentina,
further life data unknown
Gertrud Liebmann Ludwigshafen am Rhein June 25, 1928
BW
Daughter of Adolf and Emilie Liebmann
June 1, 1937 Emigrated with her parents to Argentina,
further details of her life unknown

literature

  • Michael Martin: Jews in Dirmstein . In: Michael Martin (ed.): Dirmstein - nobility, farmers and citizens . Chronicle of the Dirmstein community. Self-published by the Foundation for the Promotion of Palatinate Historical Research , Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 2005, ISBN 3-9808304-6-2 , p. 327-338 .
  • Ortgemeinde Dirmstein (ed.): "Dirmstein remembers". Days of Remembrance for the Victims of National Socialism . Dirmstein 2009 ( Online [PDF; 336 kB ] Editing: Albert H. Keil).
  • Hannes Ziegler: Dirmstein in National Socialism . In: Michael Martin (ed.): Dirmstein - nobility, farmers and citizens . Chronicle of the Dirmstein community. Self-published by the Foundation for the Promotion of Palatinate Historical Research , Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 2005, ISBN 3-9808304-6-2 , p. 197 ff .

Web links

Commons : Stolpersteine ​​in Dirmstein  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. a b c Michael Martin: Jews in Dirmstein . In: Dirmstein - nobility, farmers and citizens . Chronicle of the Dirmstein community. 2005, p. 327-338 .
  2. ^ The synagogue in Dirmstein. alemannia-judaica.de, accessed on February 1, 2010 .
  3. a b c Contrary to the information in the local chronicle and the inscription based on it on the Stolperstein, Karoline Hirsch was not deported from Dirmstein to Gurs in 1940; because she had already emigrated to the Netherlands on February 6, 1934 . After the occupation by the German Wehrmacht (1940), Hirsch was tracked down on August 15, 1942, locked up in Westerbork for two days and then deported to Auschwitz . August 28, 1942 was later recorded as the date of death.
  4. a b c d e Archive of the Dirmstein community: Emigration register . 1708–1812 incomplete, 1812–1905 carefully, 1905–1937 incomplete. In: Dirmstein - nobility, farmers and citizens . Chronicle of the Dirmstein community. 2005, p. 442 .
  5. ^ A b c d General State Archives Karlsruhe: Letter . April 6, 2004.
  6. a b c Christian Oldekop (col): Fifth stage of remembering . In: Die Rheinpfalz , local edition Frankenthaler Zeitung . Ludwigshafen March 31, 2009 ( online ).
  7. "Dirmstein remembers" - publication and press documentation. Verlag PfalzMundArt, 2009, accessed on June 5, 2017 .
  8. David Hirsch: Deceived about youth and home. (PDF; 336 kB) Letter dated December 8, 2000. In: “Dirmstein remembers”. Days of Remembrance for the Victims of National Socialism. Local community Dirmstein, March 2009, p. 51 f. , accessed on February 7, 2015 (Dirmstein March 26 to 29, 2009, editor: Albert H. Keil).
  9. Jürgen Bich (bjg): We are 120 years old . In: Die Rheinpfalz , local edition Frankenthaler Zeitung . Ludwigshafen March 28, 2009 ( online ).
  10. ^ Archive Report: Allied Forces. aircrewremembered.com, accessed June 12, 2017 .
  11. ^ Marie-Christine Werner: The English aviator . The murder of Cyril William Sibley. Mainz 2001 (typescript of the broadcast of the Südwestrundfunk from February 10, 2001, 9 to 10 p.m.).
  12. Entry: Hirsch, Salomon. In: Memorial Book - Victims of the Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 . On the website of the Federal Archives , accessed on January 22, 2015 .
  13. Entry: Hirsch, Dina. In: Memorial Book - Victims of the Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 . On the website of the Federal Archives , accessed on January 22, 2015 .
  14. ^ Entry: Strauss, Sara. In: Memorial Book - Victims of the Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 . On the website of the Federal Archives , accessed on January 22, 2015 .
  15. Entry: Hirsch, Irma. In: Memorial Book - Victims of the Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 . On the website of the Federal Archives , accessed on January 22, 2015 .
  16. Entry: Hirsch, Lilli. In: Memorial Book - Victims of the Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 . On the website of the Federal Archives , accessed on January 22, 2015 .
  17. On the picture from left: Arthur Mauer (founder of the St. Michael Dirmstein cultural association), David Hirsch (Holocaust survivor from Dirmstein) and Paul Niedermann (Holocaust survivor from Karlsruhe) on March 25, 2009 in Dirmstein
  18. a b c David Hirsch: Deceived about youth and home. (PDF; 336 kB) Letter dated December 8, 2000. In: “Dirmstein remembers”. Days of Remembrance for the Victims of National Socialism. Local community Dirmstein, March 2009, p. 3 f. , accessed on February 7, 2015 (Dirmstein March 26 to 29, 2009, editor: Albert H. Keil).
  19. David P. Boder: … Interviews with David Hirsch. Illinois Institute of Technology , August 26, 1946, accessed June 28, 2017 (interview with 18-year-old David Hirsch in Geneva ).
  20. David Hirsch: Deceived about youth and home. (PDF; 336 kB) Letter dated December 8, 2000. In: “Dirmstein remembers”. Days of Remembrance for the Victims of National Socialism. Local community Dirmstein, March 2009, p. 5 f. , accessed on February 7, 2015 (Dirmstein March 26 to 29, 2009, editor: Albert H. Keil).
  21. Entry: Hirsch, Karoline (Carolina). In: Memorial Book - Victims of the Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 . On the website of the Federal Archives , accessed on January 22, 2015 .
  22. a b Roland Paul : E-Mail to User Mundartpoet , from this forwarded to User Chronicler 47 . Ed .: Institute for Palatinate History and Folklore, Kaiserslautern. July 18, 2011.
  23. Entry: Hirsch, Rosa. In: Memorial Book - Victims of the Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 . On the website of the Federal Archives , accessed on June 27, 2017 .
  24. Information from David Hirsch (son of Frieda Hirsch).
  25. a b “Liebmann” has become “Liebener” in the emigration register.