List of survivors from the Sobibor extermination camp

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Sobibor Railway Station (2007)

This list of survivors of the Sobibor extermination camp lists those that during the Holocaust powered German extermination camp Sobibor survived. More than 150,000 and up to 250,000 Jews were murdered in the camp, which was set up as part of “ Aktion Reinhardt ” from the beginning of 1942, near today's Polish-Ukrainian border, most of them by gassing with diesel exhaust. The guards of the camp had so-called labor Jews do most of the work, which included sorting luggage and clothing, cutting off the women's hair before the gassing, clearing the gas chambers and burying or burning the corpses.

During the Sobibór uprising on October 14, 1943, the Jewish forced laborers who were deployed tried to eliminate the camp guards and break through the barriers around the camp by means of an uprising, whereby an estimated 365 prisoners managed to escape from the camp. Most of them were arrested or shot in the vicinity of the camp by SS men and Ukrainian guards ( Trawniki ). After the uprising, the camp was leveled by the SS and a farm was built in its place for camouflage.

This list includes people who stayed in the camp for a long time. A total of 47 survivors of the Sobibor extermination camp are known, 42 of whom managed to escape during the uprising on October 14th. Five had already been able to flee from the "forest command" on July 27, 1943 after Josef Kopp and Schlomo Podchlebnik had killed a Ukrainian security guard. Some survivors (e.g. Jules Schelvis ) who survived the deportation to Sobibor are not listed because they were selected for work outside of the camp immediately after arrival and only spent a short time in the camp.

The last survivor of the Sobibor extermination camp, Semyon Rozenfeld, died on June 3, 2019 in a hospital in central Israel. He was not only the last survivor of the Sobibor extermination camp, but also the last known witness to the murder in the context of the so-called "Aktion Reinhardt", the systematic murder of all Jews and Roma in the Generalgouvernement in German-occupied Poland during the Second World War . Aktion Reinhardt ”died between July 1942 and October 1943 between 1.6 and 1.8 million Jews and around 50,000 Roma from the five districts of the General Government ( Warsaw , Lublin , Radom , Krakow and Galicia ) in the three extermination camps Belzec , Sobibor and Treblinka murdered.

List of survivors

Surname Date of birth date of death nation Arrival in Sobibor Place of deportation annotation
Schlomo Alster Dec. 1, 1908 March 1992 Poland Nov 1942 Chelm
Moshe Bachir July 19, 1927 Nov. 2002 Poland May 24, 1942 Testified as a witness in the Eichmann trial .
Antonius Bardach May 16, 1909 1959 Poland March 25, 1943 Drancy
Philip Bialowitz Nov 25, 1929 6 Aug 2016 Poland Jan. 1943 Izbica Brother of Symcha Bialowitz.
Symcha Bialowitz Dec 6, 1912 Feb. 2014 Poland Apr 28, 1943 Izbica Brother of Philip Bialowitz.
Rachel Birnbaum 1926 March 2013 Poland Hid in the forest upon arrival.
Jakob Biskubicz March 17, 1926 March 2002 Poland June 1942
Thomas (Toivi) sheet Apr 15, 1927 Oct 31, 2015 Poland Apr 23, 1943 Izbica
Hershel Cuckierman Apr 15, 1893 July 1979 Poland May 1942 Nałęczów
Josef Cuckierman May 26, 1930 June 15, 1963 Poland May 1942 Nałęczów Son of Hershel Cuckierman.
Josef Duniec Dec 21, 1912 Dec. 1, 1965 Poland March 25, 1943 Drancy Duniec died the day before he was scheduled to testify at the Sobibor trial in 1965 .
Chaim angel Jan. 10, 1916 4th July 2003 Poland Nov 6, 1942
Leon Feldhendler 1910 Apr 6, 1945 Poland Early 1943 Feldhendler was one of the organizers and leaders of the uprising.
Ada Fischer (later: Ada Lichtman) Jan. 1, 1915 1993 Poland June 1943 Mielec Witness in the Eichmann trial , later married Itzhak Lichtman .
Berek Freiberg May 15, 1927 March 26, 2008 Poland May 15, 1942 Krasnystaw Testified as a witness in the Eichmann trial .
Herman Gerstenberg (later: Herman Posner) Oct 8, 1909 June 8, 1987 Poland March 14, 1943 Chelm
Moshe Goldfarb March 15, 1920 June 8, 1984 Poland Nov 6, 1942
Josef Herszman 1925 2005 Poland Early 1942
Zyndel Honigman Apr 10, 1910 July 1989 Soviet Union Nov 1942 Gorzków Fled from the forest command on July 27, 1943.
Abram Kohn July 25, 1910 Jan. 19, 1986 Poland May 1942 Wysocka
Josef Kopp 1944/45 Poland Early 1942 Fled from the forest command on July 27, 1943.
Chaim Korenfeld May 15, 1923 Aug 13, 2002 Poland Apr 28, 1943 Izbica According to fellow inmates, he fled from the forest command on July 27, 1943, according to his own statement, Korenfeld was in the camp until the uprising.
Chaim Leist (also: Chaim Lajst) Oct 2005 Poland Apr 23, 1943
Samuel Lerer Oct. 1, 1922 March 3, 2016 Poland May 1942 In 1949, together with Estera Raab, recognized SS man Erich Bauer on the street in Berlin.
Yehuda Lerner July 22, 1926 2007 Poland Sep 1943 Lublin
Itzhak Lichtman Dec 10, 1908 1992 Poland May 15, 1942 Later married Eda Fischer .
Yefim Litwinowsky Soviet Union 22 Sep 1943
Abraham Margulies Jan 25, 1921 1984 Poland May 1942 Zamość
Chaskiel Menche Jan. 7, 1910 1984 Poland June 1942 via Izbica and Lublin
Zelda Metz-Kelbermann May 1, 1925 1980 Poland Dec 20, 1942
Alexander Aronowitsch Pechjorsky Feb. 22, 1909 Jan. 19, 1990 Ukraine 22 Sep 1943 Pechjorsky was one of the organizers and leaders of the uprising.
Schlomo Podchlebnik Feb 15, 1907 Feb 1973 Poland Apr 28, 1943 Izbica Fled from the forest command on July 27, 1943.
Estera Raab June 11, 1922 Apr 13, 2015 Poland Dec 20, 1942 Staw labor camp In 1949, together with Samuel Lerer, recognized SS man Erich Bauer on the street in Berlin.
Semjon Rosenfeld Oct. 1, 1922 3rd June 2019 Ukraine 22 Sep 1943
Ajzik Rotenberg 1925 1994 Poland May 12, 1943
Ursula Stern (later: Ilona Safran) Aug 28, 1926 1985 Germany Apr 9, 1943 Westerbork Witness in the Sobibor trial .
Stanisław Szmajzner March 13, 1927 March 3, 1989 Poland May 12, 1943 Opole
Boris Taborinsky 1917 Soviet Union 22 Sep 1943 Minsk
Kurt Thomas (also: Kurt Ticho) Apr 11, 1914 June 8, 2009 Czech Republic Nov 6, 1942
Chaim Trager March 5, 1906 Aug 1, 1969 Poland March 1943 Chelm
Aleksey Waizen May 30, 1922 Soviet Union June 1942 Ternopil
Arkadi Moissejewitsch Waispapir 1921 Jan. 11, 2018 Soviet Union 22 Sep 1943 Kiev via Minsk
Abraham Wang Jan. 2, 1921 1978 Poland Apr 23, 1943 Izbica Fled from the forest command on July 27, 1943.
Hella Weiss Nov 25, 1925 Dec 1988 Poland Dec 20, 1942 Staw labor camp
Kalmen Wewerik June 25, 1906 Poland Autumn 1942 Chelm
Selma (Saartje) Wijnberg (later: Selma Engel) May 15, 1922 4th Dec 2018 Netherlands Apr 9, 1943 Westerbork
Regina Zielinski Sep 2 1924 Sep 2014 Poland Dec 20, 1942 Staw labor camp
Meier Ziss Nov 15, 1927 Poland May / June 1942

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Barbara Distel : Sobibór. In: Wolfgang Benz , Barbara Distel (eds.): The place of terror . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps. Volume 8: Riga, Warsaw, Vaivara, Kaunas, Płaszów, Kulmhof / Chełmno, Bełżec, Sobibór, Treblinka. CH Beck, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-57237-1 , p. 398.
  2. ^ Anne Lepper: Obituary Semyon Rozenfeld: Last survivor of the Sobibor concentration camp. In: Spiegel Online , History. Retrieved April 18, 2020 .