Ludwig Hevesi

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Ludwig Hevesi , photo by Josef Löwy

Ludwig Hevesi ( pseudonym ), originally until 1872: Ludwig Hirsch or Lajos Lövy (born December 20, 1843 in Heves , Hungary , † February 27, 1910 in Vienna ) was a Hungarian-Austrian writer and journalist .

Life

The son of the Jewish doctor Mór (Mauritz) Lövy, who came from Heves ['heve besuchte] in Hungary, and his wife Adél (Adele) attended the Piarist grammar school in Pest from 1854 to 1862 . He then studied classical philology and medicine in Budapest and Vienna from 1862 to 1865 , but without a degree, since he was early active as a journalist and writer. Around 1872 he adopted the pseudonym "Ludwig Hevesi", and for Hungarian publications the name "Hevesi ['heveʃi] Lajos".

In 1866 he became a member of the editorial board of Pester Lloyd , initially under the editorial management of Adolf Dux , and advanced to the main column author with categories such as "Pester sketches", "Pester letters", "Pester bagatelles", "Viennese letters", "From the Viennese art life" . In 1875 he moved to Vienna and was a member of the editorial team in the features section of the Vienna Foreign Journal . In total he wrote for over 20 newspapers and magazines, including the Breslauer Zeitung , Ver Sacrum , magazine for visual arts (Leipzig, Seemann); himself he founded a youth newspaper (“Kleine Menschen”) and, with others, the humorous paper “Borsszem Jankó”.

The focus of his work was theater reviews ( reviews ), for example of the Vienna Hofburgtheater , as well as art reviews of the Viennese art scene and literary essays .

He was one of the most important art critics of the Franciscan Josephine era. In particular, he supported the Vienna Secession journalistically and thereby contributed to its success. In turning away from the 19th century society painting, which was influenced by the Makart style, he promoted the first "Secessionists" such as Anton Romako or the landscape painter Theodor Hörmann von Hörbach , and then later the so-called Klimt Group . His work Altkunst - Neukunst uses the term “Neukunst” for the first time, which has established itself in French as “art nouveau”, but in the German-speaking area as Art Nouveau .

Grave of Ludwig Hevesi in the Vienna Central Cemetery

For the Café Museum established by Adolf Loos in 1899 , he coined the succinct name Café Nihilism . Hevesi also wrote the slogan above the entrance to the Olbrich Secession building: "Time is its art - art is its freedom".

He also published travel books (Germany, England, Greece, Italy with Sicily) and numerous humoresques ("Jules Verne in hell." "Jules Verne in heaven."). Hevesi is known as the first important collector of utopian novels in Europe. His collection included in the estate comprised 1840 books and served as a reference work for rare works.

Hevesi remained unmarried; He shot himself at the age of sixty-six in his apartment at Walfischgasse 8, Vienna-Innere Stadt . A letter found next to the deceased and addressed to Ignaz Schnitzer on the day of his death allows the conclusion that Hevesi's suicide was based on spontaneous actions. Ludwig Hevesi was buried on March 1, 1910 in the Vienna Central Cemetery , Protestant section (location of the grave: Gate 4, Group 2, No. 541).

Eduard Kaiser created a half-length portrait of the writer as one of his later works .

Memorial plaque for Ludwig Hevesi

Posthumous honors

  • 1964: Name of Hevesigasse in Vienna- Hietzing (13th district of Vienna )
  • 2013: Unveiling of a memorial plaque at Walfischgasse 8, Vienna's inner city

Works (selection)

Own works

  • A kereskedelmi levelezésnek kézikönyve. Pest 1864. [Handbook of commercial correspondence].
  • You shouldn't have it: cheerful things from a serious time. Koehler, Leipzig 1871.
  • Little people: Illustrated children's newspaper. (7 volumes). Budapest 1871/74.
  • Jelky András: bajai fiú rendkivüli kalandjai ötödfél világrészben. Pest 1872.
    New translation: The adventures of András Jelky in three continents. Revised by János Czibor based on the third edition from 1879. Translated by Jószef Takách. Corvina, Budapest 1961. (Several editions).
  • Budapest and its surroundings. Ráth, Budapest 1873. Hungarian edition: Budapest és környéke. Budapest 1873.
  • The tailor's journeyman Andreas Jelky adventures in four parts of the world. According to historical sources, presented in detail for the first time and dedicated to the more mature youth by Uncle Tom. Editor of the "Little People". With six woodcuts based on drawings by Johann Greguss. Franklin Society, Budapest 1875. (Of these 18 editions and translations into several languages)
  • Karczképek az ország fővárosából. Budapest 1876. [Sketches from the capital of the country]
  • On the cutting edge: a story book. Bonz, Stuttgart 1884.
  • New story book. Bonz, Stuttgart 1885.
  • On the sunny side: a story book. Bonz, Stuttgart 1886.
    Microfiche edition: Belser, Wildberg 1989/90, ISBN 3-628-40726-5 .
  • Almanaccando: Pictures from Italy. Bonz, Stuttgart 1888.
  • Book of Mood: New Stories. Bonz, Stuttgart 1889.
  • An English September: cheerful cruises across the canal. Bonz, Stuttgart 1891.
  • Rainbow: seven cheerful stories. With illustrations by Wilhelm Schulz. Bonz, Stuttgart 1892.
  • From Kalau to Säkkingen: A cozy criss-cross Bonz, Stuttgart 1893.
  • Tübingen: A travel sketch. 1893.
  • Zerlina Gabillon : An Artist's Life . With 18 drawings by Helene Bettelheim-Gabillon . Bonz, Stuttgart 1894.
  • Happy trips. Bonz, Stuttgart 1895.
  • Wilhelm Junker : Life picture of an Africa explorer. Weidmann, Berlin 1896.
  • Victor Tilgner's selected works. Vienna 1897.
  • The Althof People: A Summer Novel. With illustrations by Wilhelm Schulz. Bonz, Stuttgart, 1897.
  • Blue distances: New travel pictures. Bonz, Stuttgart 1897.
  • The colorful book: Humoresques from time and life, literature and art. Bonz, Stuttgart 1898.
  • Wiener Totentanz: Occasional about deceased artists and their kind. Bonz, Stuttgart 1899.
    New edition: Innsbruck, Univ. 2007, ISBN 3-226-00352-6 .
  • Ideas. Olbrich Josef M .; Introduction by Ludvig Hevesi. Vienna undated [1899].
  • Broken Franz along with other humores and stories. Bonz, Stuttgart 1900.
  • Mac Eck's strange journeys between Constantinople and San Francisco. Bonz, Stuttgart 1901.
  • Austrian art in the 19th century. 1st part: 1800-1848. Part 2: 1848–1900. Seemann, Leipzig 1903.
  • Eternal city, eternal land: Have a good trip in Italy. Bonz, Stuttgart 1903.
  • Homer's Sun: Cheerful journeys through Greece and Sicily 1802-1904. Bonz, Stuttgart 1905.
  • Rudolf von Alt : Variations. Konegen, Vienna 1905.
  • Schiller - Lenau : - Two Concordia speeches. Konegen, Vienna 1905.
  • The fifth dimension: the humor of time, life, art. Konegen, Vienna 1906.
  • 8 years of the Secession : (March 1897 - June 1905); Criticism - Polemics - Chronicle . Konegen, Vienna 1906.
    Reprint: Wiederhrsg. u. introduced by Otto Breicha . Ritter, Klagenfurt 1984, ISBN 3-85415-023-7 .
  • The train to the mouth. Bonz, Stuttgart 1907.
  • Rumor has it: New humor of the new time. Bonz, Stuttgart 1909.
  • Old art - new art: Vienna 1894 - 1908. Konegen, Vienna 1909.
    Wiederhrsg. u. introduced by Otto Breicha . Ritter, Klagenfurt 1986, ISBN 3-85415-034-2 .
  • Flagranti and other cheerfulnesses Bonz, Stuttgart 1909.
    New edition: Metroverlag, Vienna 2009, ISBN 978-3-902517-97-5 .
  • Ludwig Speidel . A literary-biographical appreciation. Meyer & Jessen, Berlin 1910
  • Rudolf von Alt : His life and work. Prepared for printing by Karl M. Kuzmany based on the manuscripts left behind. Edited by the Imperial and Royal Ministry of Culture and Education. With 61 panels and 100 text images. Artaria, Vienna 1911.
  • The big no-one. Edited by Gunther Martin. Zsolnay, Vienna, Darmstadt 1990, ISBN 3-552-04203-2 .

Translations into German

  • Árpád Berczik: Mothers and Daughters , comedy in three acts. After the Hungarian of Arpad von Berczik. Bonz, Stuttgart 1893
  • Hungary volumes by: Az Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia írásban és képben. Hungarian edition of: The Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in words and pictures . Vol. 5, 9, 12, 16, 18, 21, 23, 1888-1902

literature

  • Hevesi Ludwig. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 2, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1959, p. 310.
  • Ursula Meißl-Novopacky: The art critic Ludwig Hevesi, 1843-1910. His influence on the understanding of art in Austria-Hungary at the turn of the century . Dissertation. University of Vienna, Vienna 1989, OBV .
  • Friedrich von Kleinwächter : Catalog of a strange collection (...) utopian content 16. – 20. Century from the estate of the writer Ludwig Hevesi. With an introduction by (...) Friedrich von Kleinwächter. Obtainable from Gilhofer and Ranschburg (...) Vienna (etc.) at the prices shown . Alkalay and Son, Pressburg 1911, OBV . (Reprint Kraus, Munich 1980, ISBN 3-601-00127-6 , OBV ).
  • Ludwig Hevesi art library - art history, painting, architecture, sculpture . (3237 nos.). Vienna: Gilhofer & Ranschburg (approx. 1912).
  • Ilona Sármány-Parsons: Ludwig Hevesi - more than an Austro-Hungarian art critic, chronicler and pioneer. In: Kurt Rossacher et al. (Ed.): Old and modern art. Issue 203 (1985), ISSN  0002-6565 . AMK-Verlag, Innsbruck 1985, p. 30 f. - online .
  • Ilona Sármány-Parsons: Ludwig Hevesi and the role of art criticism between 1889 and 1997. In: Acta Historica Artium. Budapest 1990/92, ZDB -ID 252431-4 , pp. 3-28.
  • Ilona Sármány-Parsons: Ludwig Hevesi 1842–1910 - The creation of a canon of Austrian art. (3 parts) 1st part: Early years and pioneers. In: Austria in history and literature. 47th year 2003, No. 6, ZDB -ID 123374-9 , pp. 342-358; Part 2: Early reviews and feature sections. In: Austria in history and literature. 48th year 2004, issue 6, ZDB-ID 123374-9, pp. 338-355; 3rd part. In: Austria in history and literature. 50. Jg. 2005, No. 1-2, ZDB-ID 123374-9, pp. 16-30.

Web links

Commons : Ludwig Hevesi  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Ludwig Hevesi  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ferenc Szász: Hevesi, Ludwig . In: Christoph König (Ed.): Internationales Germanistenlexikon 1800–1950 . Volume 2: H-Q . de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2003, ISBN 3-11-017587-8 , pp. 741 f.
  2. ↑ suicide Ludwig Hevesi. (...) The personality of Ludwig Hevesis. From a friend. In:  Neue Freie Presse , afternoon paper. No. 16351/1910, February 28, 1910, p. 6, top left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfp.
  3. ↑ http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=gre&daten=19100228&seite=3&zoom=33&query=%22Ludwig%22%2B%22Hevesi%22&provider=P03&ref=anno-search
  4. ↑ http://www.viennatouristguide.at/Friedhoefe/Zentralfriedhof/Tor4_ev/html_ehrengraeber/gr02_541_hevesi.htm
  5. ↑ Little Chronicle. (...) Ludwig Hevesi. In:  Neue Freie Presse , Morgenblatt. No. 16352/1910, March 1, 1910, p. 6, bottom center. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfp;
    Little chronicle. (...) Ludwig Hevesi. In:  Neue Freie Presse , Morgenblatt. No. 16353/1910, March 2, 1910, p. 8 middle. (Online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfp
  6. ↑ Commemorative dedication and symposium in honor of the Hungarian art critic Ludwig Hevesi . In: mein district.at , accessed on February 13, 2014.
personal data
SURNAME Hevesi, Ludwig
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hirsch, Ludwig (real name, German); Lövy, Lajos (real name, Hungarian, until 1872); Hevesy, Ludwig; Hevesi, Ludvig; Uncle Tom (pseudonym); Lőwy; Löwy Hevesi Lajos; Lövy Hevesi Lajos; Hevesi Lajos; Hi L .; HL
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian writer, journalist, columnist, art critic, humorist
DATE OF BIRTH December 20, 1843
PLACE OF BIRTH Heves
DATE OF DEATH February 27, 1910
Place of death Vienna