Maxlaunmarkt

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Figure of Saint Maximilian von Celeia on a house wall in Niederwölz. A picture of the clearance is also visible .

The Maxlaunmarkt is a four-day fair that takes place annually on the second weekend in October in Niederwölz in Styria . The name Maxlaun is derived from the church patron Maximilian .

In 2013, the procession at Maxlaun , a procession with the market day landmark, was recognized by UNESCO as intangible cultural heritage .

history

Originally, Friedrich III. the community Niederwölz in 1450 the privilege of holding a fair on the day of the patron saint Maximilian. The associated document was lost in 1532 due to looting, which is why the exact content is unknown. Since the liberty burnt in addition to the document , the right to hold the Maxlaunmarkt could not be proven, which is why the market was banned at the beginning of the 16th century. On November 18, 1536, however , King Ferdinand I again issued a letter of freedom, which gave the Niederwölz family once again the right to hold the Maxlaunmarkt.

Until the middle of the 19th century, the Maxlaunmarkt was one of the largest annual fairs in Styria, with a focus on the sale of cattle and leather goods.

It is still well attended today, in 2014 the Maxlaunmarkt had between 70,000 and 80,000 visitors.

In September 2013, the Austrian UNESCO Commission included the customs as an outdoor exercise at Maxlaun in Niederwölz in the directory of national intangible cultural heritage in Austria , in the section Social Practices, Rituals and Celebrations. The purpose of this designation is binding protection as a living cultural tradition.

The freedom

The Freiung is a black sword hand carved from wood and was a symbol of criminal protection at the time of the market and guaranteed free trade and peace through a ban on weapons.

In 1656 a new clearing was made, which is identical to today's copy except for a few restorations. The original is kept by the Stinglbauer .

The carved sword arm of the Freiung is made of black painted wood and is 54 cm long. A tassel hangs on the 95 cm long sword and a coat of arms with a black double eagle is attached to the shoulder. The sword arm is mounted on a 370 cm long rod.

Carrying out freedom and other customs

Handover of the clearance at the Stinglbauer house
Decorated space and ferris wheel

Since the Second World War, a solemn procession has played a central role at the Maxlaunmarkt.

The Freiungsträger is chosen by the mayor of the municipality Niederwölz, turn the Freiungsträger determines the so-called Maxlauner , the Wegauskehrer. Usually the Maxlauner is chosen from unmarried Niederwölzers.

On the Sunday of the Maxlaunmarkt, the statue of Saint Maximilian is carried in a solemn procession to the Stinglbauer house , in which the original clearing from 1656 is kept. The liberation is lifted from the balcony of the Stinglbauer house and the pageant is initiated with the traditional liberation greeting. The volunteer then, accompanied by the band, the group of singers, the volunteer fire brigade, the rural youth, the mountain rescue service and the Kameradschaftsbund bring the clearing to the market area, clearing the way through the Maxlauner.

The Maxlauner strolls through the festival grounds on Sunday, drawing attention to himself by cheering. Female visitors to the Maxlaunmarkt are often deterred by the Maxlauner , transferring his red and blue cheek colors onto them. Necking is said to bring luck.

The visitors of the Maxlaunmarkt usually wear Styrian costumes on Sunday and express their pleasure with the exclamation "maxlaunerisch".

Freedom letter

The wording of the letter of freedom of November 18, 1536 in today's usage:

“We, Ferdinand, by the grace of God, Roman King, King of Hungary and Bohemia, Infant (Prince) in Spain, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy and Brabant, in Styria, Carinthia, Carniola and Württemberg, Prince in Swabia, Prince Count to Habsburg, to Tyrol and Pfiert, to Kieburg and Görz, etc. Landgrave in Alsace, Margrave of the Holy Empire and to Burgau, Lord of the Windischen Mark, to Portenau (Pordenone) and to Sallins.
We confess that our faithful, dear Jakob von Teuffenbach and Georg Winkler have appeared before us, and they humbly gave us to understand how their subjects at Niederwölz commemorate our ancestor Emperor Friedrich with a fair on the feast of St. Maximilian which they have had in quiet use and possession for a while since then. Then their certificate and the seal that they had about this freedom would have been destroyed by a conflagration, which is why this fair suffered so much, they asked us with submissive requests that we give these people at Niederwölz the named fair like you have had it from ancient times and as described above, release and confirm it again because of the loss in the fire and the recent passage of Spanish troops, especially after we have made inquiries and received reports on this.
As the ruling prince in Styria, we confirm this right by virtue of this document, on the basis of which you are entitled to hold this fair every year on the feast of St. Maximilian and to hold it according to the earlier freedom, as has been customary since ancient times, without that they should be prevented from doing so by anyone. That is why we command all noble, loved and loyal people, namely all captains, counts, free, lords, knights and servants, all caretakers, burgraves, land judges, mayors, judges, councilors, citizens, ordinary people and otherwise all our officials and subjects and loyal ones seriously, and we want you to let the mentioned people from Niederwölz and their descendants at this described fair and with their freedoms and to be able to enjoy and use them in peace. They should not hinder her in doing so, nor allow someone else to hinder her. We want that in all seriousness. With the certificate of this letter, made with our attached seal. Given in our city of Vienna on November 18th after the birth of Christ 1536, in the sixth year of reign as Roman king, in the eleventh in the other realms. "

The Maxlaunmarkt in the 1950s

Extract from the Murtaler Zeitung from 1953:

“People had flocked from all the ditches and single-shift farms to buy a new Styrian hat, a warm Leibl or a Zögger, hundreds and thousands from all Upper Styrian and neighboring Carinthian towns came by trains and buses for a real carnival with a swing boat and to experience animal show and all the clutter. Everyone will have got their money's worth: the buyers, the pleasure-seekers, the two hundred traders, the innkeepers - and the Murtalbahn .
The latter, however, was forced to take, let's say, preventive measure in order not to see the waving net profit slip into the channel of fare-dodging: they left the train at the small Lind- Scheifling stop , five minutes before Niederwölz, for twenty minutes hold in order to still be able to handle the three hundred Maxlaun visitors who got on in Unzmarkt . Otherwise they would easily have got the idea, without paying their obolus , to flee the Zügle in Niederwölz and thus through the mesh of the law! "

procedure

The usual course of the Maxlaunmarkt is:

Friday:

  • from 2 p.m .: Judmaier tent (small festival tent) open
  • from 2pm to 5pm: children's afternoon in the amusement park

Saturday:

  • 11 a.m .: Opening of the exhibition
  • 3 p.m .: Beer tapping in the large marquee

Sunday:

  • 9 a.m .: Festive service in the parish church
  • 10 a.m .: Traditional release of the day
  • from 11 a.m .: morning pint

Monday:

  • 9 a.m .: Discharge
  • from 11 a.m .: morning pint

literature

  • Helga Zugschwert: The Maxlaunmarkt in Niederwölz - the most traditional Upper Styrian market then and now. Self-published by the Niederwölz community , 2003

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Austrian folk dance movement. Austrian Commission for UNESCO: List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Austria. immaterielleskulturerbe.unesco.at (accessed July 9, 2015).
  2. ↑ Lit. Zugschwert 2003, p. 58 f.
  3. ↑ Maxlaun like in a picture book. Kleine Zeitung , October 14, 2014, archived from the original on May 14, 2016 . ;.
  4. ↑ Lit. Zugschwert 2003, p. 73
  5. ↑ Lit. Zugschwert 2003, p. 61 f.
  6. ↑ Lit. Zugschwert 2003, p. 131