Aperschnippeln

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Aperschnalzen in the historic Rupertiwinkel
Intangible cultural heritage Intangible cultural heritage emblem
Aperschnalzen - Loig near Salzburg.jpg
Pass at the Rupertigau price slash 2005 in Loig near Salzburg
State (s): AustriaAustria Austria GermanyGermanyGermany 
List: National list
Weblink: unesco.at
Admission: 2013

The Aperschnalzen (Southern German: aper , free of snow ') denotes a Bavarian-Salzburgian custom and is a form of Goaßlschnalzens that in the Christmas and Carnival is maintained. It is a rhythmic click and bang with a whip , the goassl , in small groups, the pass .

The Aperschnalzen in the historic Rupertiwinkel was recognized by UNESCO as an intangible cultural heritage in 2013 .

Technique of the aperture snap

Goaßl

The whip for snapping the Aperschnalzen is called "Goaßl", is held with both hands and has a short handle. The handle is round, made of wood, the diameter is approx. 3 cm and the length approx. 50 cm. The whip cord is a hemp rope twisted from several hemp cords with a length of up to 4 m, the diameter of which tapers from approx. 4 cm on the wooden handle towards the end and at the end of the drift cord, called bast (was previously made of bast ) or Poschn ('Clap', compare Paschen in music) called, is attached. The hemp rope is attached to the upper end of the wooden handle in a groove so that it can turn around it. The bast is made from plastic cords.

The clicking bang is caused by the swinging of the Goaßl and the skillful bringing about a sudden change of direction of the drift line at the end of the Goaßl. The loud bang of the Goaßln is intended to symbolically drive away winter and awaken the spirit of spring. There are areas where the Goaßln is used to generate a bang on the ground in order to awaken the fertility spirits.

  • Goaßl

  • Goaßl detail

  • Goaßl bast

Fit

The pass consists of 7 or 9 people (always an odd number). The special art of the Aperschnalzens is that not only each individual has a good hit, but especially the whole group, in rhythmic succession or "on the beat" together. The choreographies of the bang patterns are similar to those used in pillory shooting (firecrackers). The passes always click two rounds. Usually the smallest man in each pass is the so-called "untwist". He initiates the click with a shout like: "aufdrahd, oani, zwoa, three, there it goes". Then all nine men clicked one after the other. As the last, the strongest guy is assigned to snap on. Each man clicks nine or eleven times per round.

History and events

The Aperschnalzen is traditionally carried out from St. Stephen's Day (December 26th) to Shrove Tuesday and today usually takes place publicly at the end of January / beginning of February. The earliest evidence of "Apachschnalzen" does not come from the Rupertigau, where it is practiced almost exclusively today, but from the Lungau. According to Lorenz Huebner (1796), the dairyman start with the aperschnalzen in spring, as soon as the animals are driven to the pastures in the higher elevations. In a newspaper report of January 28, 1818 about the winter in Salzburg's Lungau, it says that the cattle drive begins with the aperschnalzen : ardent fellows, equipped with 4 to 5 fathom long whips, which with both hands over their heads waved many times in a circle and then be knocked off with full force to a bang, give people and animals the signal to the close trip to the Alps. It becomes aperitif, or apa, says the alpine man, when the thaw of spring begins.

As early as 1884, August Prinzinger reported on Aperschnalzen in the villages of Maxglan, Liefering and Siezenheim, i.e. in Flachgau. Even today, the custom is only practiced in the Bavarian Rupertiwinkel and in the neighboring Salzburg Flachgau , mostly in the form of competitions with large participation. Since this time falls during Mardi Gras, this custom is often also referred to as Mardi Gras.

In 1936 the first price cracking took place in Maxglan in Salzburg. The biggest event since 1954 has been the Rupertigau-Preisschnalzen, in which well over 100 passports (in the youth and general classes ) take part every year . It is traditionally held every third year in one place on the Salzburg side, otherwise on the Bavarian side. At the Rupertigau-Schnalzen 2012 in Teisendorf, 68 youth passes and 124 general ones were represented with more than 1,800 participants.

The Bavarian town of Saaldorf is the seat of the Bavarian-Salzburg Schnalzervereinigung Rupertiwinkel , which was founded here in 1957 and organizes Schnalz events. That is why the big price slash has been taking place in Saaldorf every ten years since 1954. The Schnalzervereinigung Rupertiwinkel represents the interests of the Aperschnalzer and only recognizes Schnalzer groups based in the Rupertiwinkel: for example in Laufen, Saaldorf, Surheim, Tittmoning, Teisendorf and Waging in the Bavarian part of the Rupertiwinkel; in the city of Salzburg in Liefering and Maxglan, as well as in Flachgau in Anthering, Bergheim, Gois, Loig, Muntigl, Siezenheim, Steindorf, Viehhausen and Wals.

In many municipalities, individual small price cracks take place before the big price cracks, in which the municipality master is determined.

In March 2013, the Austrian UNESCO Commission included this culture as an Aperschnalzen in the historical Rupertiwinkel in the directory of the national intangible cultural heritage in Austria , in the section Social Practices, Rituals and Celebrations. The purpose of this designation is binding protection as a living cultural tradition.

literature

  • 50 years of Rupertigau-Preisschnalzen 1954-2004 Festschrift ( PDF 3.5 MB , on schnalzen.de)
  • The aperture snap. Seminar paper ( PDF 2.3 MB , on schnalzen.de)
  • Kuno Brandauer: "Aperschnalzen", in: Österr. Mountain and Folk costumes newspaper , 7th year / no. 15 (1925), p. 1.
  • Kuno Brandauer: "The Aperschnalzer-Treffen in Maxglan", in: Österr. Mountain and Folk costumes newspaper , 20th year / no. 3 (1938), pp. 21-22.
  • Kuno Brandauer: "Das Aperschnalzen", in: Salzburger Zeitung , 2nd year / no. 14 (1943), p. 3.
  • Kuno Brandauer: "Das Aperschnalzen", in: Salzburger Zeitung , 2nd year / no. 47 (1943), p. 4.
  • Kuno Brandauer: "Das Aperschnalzen", in: Salzburger Zeitung , 2nd year / no. 64 (1943), p. 3.

Web links

Commons : Aperschnalzen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The word can be found analogously in the Perchten , Krampus groups and other customs.
  2. ↑ Lorenz Huebner: Description of the archbishopric and imperial prince of Salzburg with regard to topography and statistics. Second volume. The Salzburg mountains. Pangau, Lungau, Pinzgau , Salzburg: L. Hübner 1796, pp. 536-537
  3. ↑ '' Renewed Fatherland Papers for the Austrian Imperial State '', January 28, 1818, Issue 8, p. 32. [1]
  4. ↑ August Prinzinger the Elder Ä .: "Directory of the more important sources on regional studies of the Duchy of Salzburg", in: MGSLK 24 (1884), p. 288.
  5. ^ Report in the Bergheimer Gemeindezeitung from March 2012 ( bergheim.riskommunal.net PDF 3.8 MB, bergheim.riskommunal.net, accessed on March 9, 2012).
  6. ↑ Aperschnalzen in the historical Rupertiwinkel. Austrian Commission for UNESCO: List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Austria. immaterielleskulturerbe.unesco.at (accessed August 27, 2019).