Mikhail Fyodorovich Soimonov

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Michail Fjodorowitsch Soimonow ( Friedrich Kühnel )

Mikhail Fedorovich Soimonow ( Russian Михаил Фёдорович Соймонов ; born May 15 . Jul / 26. May  1730 greg. In Moscow , † October 17 jul. / 29. October  1804 greg. In Serpukhov ) one was Russian state official and president of Mountain College.

Life

Soimonov, son of the hydrographer Fyodor Ivanovich Soimonov , was sent to the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg in 1738 to learn languages, mathematics and more. From 1742 he studied at the Moscow Artillery School at Zemlyanoj Wal . After graduating in 1749, he served as a non-commissioned officer .

Soimonov was with his father in Siberia and participated in hydrographic, geodetic and cartographic work. He took part in the Nerchinsk expedition from 1753 to 1754. In his autobiography , he described how he personally settled 3,700 traders from Solikamsk in Nerchinsk and assigned them places for their houses with arable and pasture land. His father directed the construction of five earth bastions for defense.

In 1764 Soimonov became head of the Bergkollegium administration and senior procuror of the Senate . 1770-1771 he was very committed to founding a mining college in Russia . In 1771 he became president of the Bergkollegium as successor to Apollos Epafroditowitsch Mussin-Pushkin . In 1771 the Senate gave Soimonov the task of minting new ruble coins . In 1773, Soimonov stated in a report to the Senate that, due to the quality problems of the copper supplied with the existing equipment, minting was not yet possible. On the orders of Catherine II, the General Procuror Prince Alexander Alexejewitsch Vjasemski Soimonov instructed to do the necessary.

In 1772 Soimonov personally organized the renovation of the Olonec smelting works in Petrozavodsk . He brought in the best mountain officers, including Anikita Sergejewitsch Jarzow and the chemist Alexander Matwejewitsch Karamyshev , who discovered the quality problems in the Woizki gold mine .

When the Bashkir mining entrepreneur Ismagil Tassimov from the Urals submitted an application for a mining college to the mining college, Soimonov drew up a plan for the establishment of a mining college, which was examined by the Senate and approved by Catherine II in 1773 with an order for implementation. Soimonov was the first director of this new St. Petersburg Mining College , which is the first technical college in Russia. On the opening day, he presented the statutes and teaching program, and appointed the basic teachers. For the practical training of the students he had a suitable mine built and set up laboratories, a museum, a library , a publishing house and a printing house .

In 1776 Soimonov gave up the presidency of the Bergkollegium because of illness. He then became chief director of the department for mining and coinage matters. In 1776 he embarked on a long trip abroad together with his previous colleague Iwan Iwanowitsch Chemnitzer and the architect Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Lwow . They traveled to the Netherlands via Dresden , Leipzig , Frankfurt am Main and Cologne and visited Leiden , Amsterdam and other cities. They traveled on to France and arrived in Paris in February 1777 . In May 1777 they returned to the Netherlands and then traveled via Aachen to Spa where Soimonov sought healing. In October 1777 Soimonov returned to St. Petersburg.

In 1797, the Bergkollegium, which was dissolved in 1781, was set up again with Soimonov as chief director, with whom he was also responsible for the coin department. He took action to develop the Russian mining industry and led even the development of Olonezer and Nerchinsk lead - silver - deposits . In 1798 Soimonov, who was meanwhile Real Privy Councilor (2nd class ) and Senator, personally took care of the employment of a Lutheran pastor in Yekaterinburg . In 1800 a number of members of the government, particularly Soimonov, pushed for a change in the system of calling serfs to forced labor, since the work of free, profit-conscious workers in the iron and steel works was more effective. Paul I's ukase dated November 1800 , written at Soimonov's suggestion, to abolish the conscription system and establish the Institute of Indispensable Workers was not implemented because of the fierce opposition at court.

In 1801 Soimonov retired and settled in Moscow. He became a councilor of the Moscow School of the Order of Saint Catherine for noble girls and chief curator of the Moscow Orphanage.

Soimonov was buried next to his father in the cemetery of the Vysotsky monastery near Serpukhov.

Honors

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Большая российская энциклопедия: СО́ЙМОНОВ Михаил Фёдорович (accessed November 24, 2019).
  2. ↑ Секретная Нерчинская экспедиция 1753-1765 гг. и археологическое изучение Нерчинска (accessed November 23, 2019).
  3. ↑ РУБЛЁВЫЕ МЕДНЫЕ МОНЕТЫ (1770–1778) (accessed November 24, 2019).
  4. ↑ Начало частного книгопечатания в России (accessed November 24, 2019).
  5. ↑ Воицкий рудник (accessed November 24, 2019).
  6. ↑ Надхин Г. П .: Памятная книжка Хемницера . In: Русская старина . tape 5 , no. 4 , 1872, p. 601-611 ( [1] [accessed November 22, 2019]).
  7. ↑ Андреев А. Н .: Евангелическо-лютеранская община Екатеринбурга в XVIII в. и её взаимоотношения с местным населением . In: Известия Уральского государственного университета. Сер. 2, Гуманитарные науки . tape 72 , no. 1 , 2010, p. 135–148 ( [2] [accessed November 24, 2019]).
  8. ↑ Пролетарии по указу: история приписных крестьян в России (1630–1861 гг.) (Accessed November 24, 2019).
  9. ↑ История района (accessed November 24, 2019).
  10. ↑ Кавалеры ордена Святой Анны (accessed November 24, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Soimonov, Mikhail Fyodorovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Соймонов, Михаил Фёдорович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian civil servant and President of the Mountain College
DATE OF BIRTH May 26, 1730
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH October 29, 1804
Place of death Serpukhov