Nature in Stolberg (Rhld.)

Calamine particles

Yellow-bellied toad

Calamine carnation and pigeon goiter catchfly

Bird's nest

Gehlen Quarry

The nature in today's urban area of Stolberg (Rhld.) In the urban region of Aachen is characterized, among other things, by rare species and habitats, the cause of which is the geological and scenic nature of the urban area .

Eighty percent of the open space is under landscape or nature protection, and half of the urban area is designated as a landscape protection area. The lion's share of this is made up of the North Eifel Nature Park , which includes areas of the Vennvorland in the Stolberg urban area. In 1979 there was the first Werther Heide Napoleonsweg nature reserve , ten years later there were already six protected landscape components (gLB) and fourteen nature reserves (NSG): a current list can be found in the list of nature reserves in North Rhine-Westphalia .

Galme flora

The calamine flora as part of an Ice Age alpine relict flora thrives in Stolberg thanks to the geogenic distribution of calamine in the soil. Its most prominent representatives include the yellow-flowering calamine milk , the white -flowering calamine pocket herb , the white-flowering calamine spring chickweed and the calamine fescue .

Heathland

A heathland area is located in the NSG Münsterbusch in the north of Stolberg. Insects such as flat bellies , mosquitoes , small pitch dragonflies , black darter and common darter and the natterjack toad live here .

Limestone-influenced wetlands and forest areas

Limestone areas are primarily home to the orchid species white forest bird , small-leaved stendellum , bee garlic and bird nest root . Due to deforestation, only remnants of the two orchid-beech forests between Breinigerberg and Vicht and in the area of the Binsfeldhammer quarry remain , which M. Schwickerath described in his detailed "Vegetation Map of 1940". Also thrives daphne . The dry grassland areas on Devonian mass limestone , which were created by clearing the beech forest, are home to the rare orchid species small orchid , flywort and mosquito-handelwort as well as the gentian species fringed gentian and German gentian . The Brockenberg is one of the few areas of distribution of the steppe fennel or steppe selenium in western Germany. The herb vegetation is also influenced by lime. The gLB is located in a Voreifel valley near Vichter Burgberg, where the overfertilization of the wet meadows made many plants that Schwickerath found in the Jägersfahrt valley in 1944 extinct in Stolberg. Broad-leaved orchid still grows here .

Wetlands are located in Stolberg in the NSG on Saubach and Lehmsief near Steinbachshochwald on Propsteier Forest and on the Inde on the border with the city of Eschweiler . The gLB Wehebachtäler and Leyberg is on the border with the municipality of Hürtgenwald in the Düren district . In the gLB Gedautal and in the Tatternsteine nature reserve with floodplain , shortly after the Inde entered the urban area behind Kornelimünster , residual populations of amphibians such as common frogs , common toads , pond newts and yellow-bellied toads settled in artificial waters . The GLB Münsterbachtal between Ach and carbon bush protects one of alder, ash and broken willow-lined stream, the rainbow trout , chub , minnow , stickleback , Koppen , gudgeon and loach houses. Birds here are kingfisher , dipper and gray wagtail .

Former quarries

Some quarries in Stolberg are located in protected areas: The gLB Wiesenstrasse / Donnerberg / Blankenberg around the Obersteinfeld quarry protects a meadow area with a nutrient-poor spring swamp and fallow land. The Schomet limestone quarry to the south of Breinig has a nutrient-poor lake, and its hornbeam forest is home to spring geophytes and a meadowsweet high herbaceous meadow. The quarry area Auf der Rüst forms an ecological unit with the Bärenstein nature reserve and the Brockenberg nature reserve and houses two mud ponds with an extensive cattail reed zone and an alder swamp. The NSG Steinbruch Binsfeldhammer and the gLB Steinbruch Bernhardshammer form a cohesive nature reserve with the forest area on the Hammerberg and offer a comprehensive geological standard profile. The forest area is home to warmth-loving species, threatened amphibian species on the wet bed, which spawn here, and ruderal vegetation in dry areas . Fossils can be found in the rocks of the NSG Schomet and Bernhardshammer.

literature

Ulrich Haese: Stolberg - nature conservation in an industrial city. Rhenish landscapes 31, Neuss 1987.
Friedrich Holtz and Birgit Engelen: Galmeiveilchen, a piece of home, delicate and adapted. Meyer & Meyer Verlag Aachen 2000. ISBN 3-89124-684-6