Nieder Prauske
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Nieder Prauske
Delnje Brusy Community Rietschen
Coordinates: 51 ° 23 ′ 10 ″ N , 14 ° 46 ′ 20 ″ E
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| Height : | 146 m above sea level NHN |
| Residents : | 351 (Dec. 31, 2008) |
| Incorporation : | April 1, 1938 |
| Postal code : | 02956 |
| Area code : | 035772 |
Nieder Prauske , Delnje Brusy in Upper Sorbian , is a village in the Saxon municipality of Rietschen in the district of Görlitz with just under 400 inhabitants.
The prefix Nieder serves to distinguish it from the village of Ober Prauske, which is about 20 kilometers southwest . Both places are located in the Sorbian settlement area in Upper Lusatia .
geography
Lower Prauske located southwest of Rietschen on from there to Boxberg leading state road 131. Surrounding villages are belonging to the municipality Rietschen places Neuliebel in the West, Hammer city in the northwest, Werda in the north, Rietschen and Neuhammer in the Northeast and Teicha the east. South of Nieder Prauske is the Zedlig settlement belonging to the Kosel district of Niesky . Daubitz , to whose parish Nieder Prauske belonged until the 20th century, is about five kilometers to the northeast.
While there are large fields and only a few forests between the localities of the municipality of Rietschen, extensive forests connect to the south of the Neuliebel – Nieder Prauske – Teicha axis, with each of the three localities being surrounded by a small belt of fields.
East of Nieder Prauske from Rietschen, the federal highway 115 runs in the direction of Niesky and the Berlin – Görlitz railway line in the direction of Hähnichen .
history
Local history
Grave finds show that the area was already settled in the Bronze Age . After large parts of northern Upper Lusatia had been unpopulated for centuries after the migration of peoples , their repopulation mostly began in the 12th and 13th centuries.
When Nieder Prauske was created is unclear today, especially since the similarity of names and geographical proximity to Ober Prauske do not allow a clear allocation of earlier documents. For example, in the case of two documents in the Bautzen cathedral monastery archive from 1293, which name uilla Bruzk and villa Bruzch , it is unclear whether they refer to Nieder Prauske. Even with Heyne de Prusig , who is named in a Görlitz council bill in 1389, no clear conclusions can be found about his place of residence. A secure document mention took place in 1456 under the name Prawsk . The shape of the village as an extended round hamlet suggests a Sorbian foundation, which was extended by German settlers during the time of the eastern settlement .
At the latest since the Reformation , Nieder Prauske was parish in Daubitz. After the Daubitzer basic rule in the 17th century, the manor acquired Rietschen, which was Good low Prauske as Vorwerk connected in leasehold with this.
The Kingdom of Saxony had to cede many parts of the country to Prussia in 1815 because it fought on the French side in the Napoleonic Wars . Among other things , Lower Lusatia, which had belonged to Saxony since the Peace of Prague , and the north-eastern part of Upper Lusatia came to Prussia. As a result, Nieder Prauske was assigned to the newly founded district of Rothenburg ( province of Silesia ) in 1816.
A school was built in 1847, which was replaced by a new building in 1912. The building is now used as a residential building.
With the introduction of the administrative districts in Prussia, the rural community of Nieder Prauske was assigned to the administrative district of Rietschen in 1874 together with the rural communities of Rietschen and Werda and the manor districts of the same name . In the course of time, the administrative district was enlarged and the manor districts incorporated into the respective communities. On April 1, 1938 Werda ( Inselheide since 1936 ) and Nieder Prauske were incorporated into Rietschen.
Two brick factories were operated in Nieder Prauske . The production of the manor brickworks was stopped in 1915, the other brickworks was destroyed by combat effects towards the end of the Second World War .
After the war, the Silesian part of Upper Lusatia came back to Saxony. With the dissolution of the states in the GDR in 1952, Rietschen was assigned to the Weisswasser district in the Cottbus district . In 1956 Nieder Prauske was repared from Daubitz to Rietschen.
The school was closed in 1977, since then the students in Rietschen and Daubitz have been receiving lessons.
From 1990 to 1993 Nieder Prauske was expanded in the direction of Rietschen by a housing estate, which was created for resettlers from the Viereichen community affected by the Reichwalde opencast mine .
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1825 | 237 |
| 1871 | 388 |
| 1885 | 439 |
| 1905 | 504 |
| 1925 | 625 |
| 1938 | 662 |
| 2002 | 374 |
| 2008 | 351 |
In 1777 there were 4 possessed men , 7 gardeners and 17 cottagers in Nieder Prauske .
Between 1825 and 1925, the population more than doubled from 237 to 625. By the time it was incorporated in 1938, there was another increase of around 40 inhabitants.
From Arnost Mukas statistics of the Sorbs in Upper Lusatia shows that low Prauske was already almost settled early 1880s entirely German. He counted 10 Sorbs out of 408 inhabitants . In Neuliebel, Hammerstadt, Werda, Rietschen, Neuhammer, Daubitz and Teicha, the proportion of the Sorbian population was similarly low, while in the western towns Altliebel , Mocholz and Viereichen the structure was reversed.
Place name
The place name developed, apart from the uncertain names Bruzk, Bruzch and Prusig, from Prawsk (1456) via Prawssigk (1515), Brauske (1732), Brausberg (1745), Prauska (1791) to Prauske (1845). As with Ober Prauske , the German and Upper Sorbian names are derived from the Old Sorbian word brus " Wetzstein ".
Sources and further reading
Web links
- Nieder Prauske in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
literature
- From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein. Home book of the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District . Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2006, ISBN 3-929091-96-8 , p. 249 f .
Footnotes
- ^ Territorial changes in Germany and German administered areas 1874-1945: District Rietschen. Retrieved October 27, 2014 .
- ↑ Nieder Prauske in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Von der Muskauer Heide zum Rotstein , p. 249
- ^ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian rural population (= German Academy of Sciences in Berlin - publications of the Institute for Slavic Studies . Volume 4 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954, p. 116-123 .
- ^ Ernst Eichler / Hans Walther : Oberlausitz toponymy - studies on the toponymy of the districts of Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Görlitz, Hoyerswerda, Kamenz, Löbau, Niesky, Senftenberg, Weißwasser and Zittau. I name book (= German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . Volume 28 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975, p. 233 .
Old love (Stary Lubolń) | Daubitz (Dubc) | Hammerstadt (Hamoršć) | Neuliebel (Nowy Lubolń) | Rietschen (Rěčicy) with Neuhammer (Nowy Hamor) , Nieder Prauske (Delnje Brusy) , Werda | Teicha (Hatk)