Nikolai Dmitrievich Kashirin

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Army Commander Nikolai Kashirin

Nikolai Dmitrievich Kashirin ( Russian Николай Дмитриевич Каширин * February 4 . Jul / 16th February  1888 greg. In the Cossack settlement Verkhneuralsk , Orenburg Governorate ; † 14. June 1938 in Moscow ) was a Soviet military commander of the cavalry and the infantry .

Life

Nikolai Kaschirin was born in a family of teachers and worked as a teacher until he joined the Imperial Russian Army in 1906. In 1909 he graduated from the Cossack military school in Orenburg and served in the 5th regiment of the Orenburg Cossacks. In 1912 he was dismissed from the regiment for revolutionary propaganda.

From 1914 Nikolai Kaschirin fought for the Tsar on the fronts of the First World War - initially in the 1st Orenburg Cossack Division. In 1915 he commanded a hundred of the 10th and then the reconnaissance division of the 9th Orenburg Cossack Regiment. Before he was seriously wounded in 1916, he was honored six times for bravery before the enemy. After his recovery he trained Orenburg Cossacks in the rank of staff captain .

In 1917 Nikolai Kashirin took part in the revolutionary events . In March he was elected chairman of the soldiers' council in his regiment. After the October Revolution he founded and headed the Orenburg Red Guard , commanded the Orenburg Red Cossacks from the beginning of 1918 and joined the Communist Party of Russia (Bolsheviks) . In the first half of 1918 Nikolai Kashirin fought the whites in his homeland, that is in the area south of the Urals ; fought against General Dutow and against the Czechoslovak legions . Seriously wounded in August, he was appointed deputy to regimental commander Blücher . In late summer both defeated the Czechoslovak legions as partisans and were soon integrated into the Red Army.

In the Red Army, Nikolai Kaschirin had been adjutant to the chief of the 4th Ural Rifle Division from September 1918, which was later transformed into the 30th Rifle Division. After Blucher was recalled, Kashirin took command of this force in the fight against Admiral Kolchak on the Eastern Front. From August 1919 he commanded the Orenburg military district of the Red Army and from October 1919 the 49th division of the Turkestan Front. From March 1920 Nikolai Kaschirin was chairman of the executive committee of the Orenburg - Turgai governorate . In October 1920 he commanded the 3rd Cavalry Corps on the southern front against General Wrangel - took Melitopol and Genichesk, and Kerch in the autumn . In 1921 Nikolai Kashirin fought against Nestor Machno .

1922–1923 he commanded the 7th Cavalry Division of the Red Army, from 1923 the 14th Infantry Corps and the 1st Cossack Corps (cavalry). From 1925 Nikolai Kashirin was deputy commander of the Urals, Belarus , Moscow and North Caucasus military districts . He commanded the latter from June 1931 to July 1937.

From 1934 Nikolai Kaschirin was a member of the military council at the People's Commissariat for Defense of the Soviet Union.

In June 1937 he was an assessor at the Supreme Court of the USSR, which convicted the defendants in the Tukhachevsky case.

In July 1937 Nikolai Kashirin became head of combat training in the Red Army.

Nikolai Kaschirin was arrested on August 19, 1937, sentenced to death by the Military Council at the Supreme Court of the USSR on June 14, 1938, and shot on the same day.

On September 1, 1956 - during the Khrushchev thaw - he was posthumously rehabilitated by the same military tribunal.

His two brothers Iwan and Pyotr were both victims of the Great Terror in 1937 and 1938 .

Honors

literature

Web links

Commons : Nikolay Kashirin  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

annotation

  1. ↑ The novel City of Fear by Anatoly Rybakov is a narrative analysis of the Stalinist purges . The author writes at the end of the 46th chapter of his novel, the members of that military council, among them Kashirin, which Tukhachevsky , Yakir , Uborevich , Primakov , Putna and Schmidt had sat in judgment were - except Shaposhnikov and Budyonny - also Victim of the Great Terror. (Rybakow, p. 477, 12. Zvo)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Russian Cossack Military School Orenburg
  2. ↑ Russian Orenburg Cossacks
  3. ^ Russian Eastern Front in the Russian Civil War
  4. ^ Russian Southern Front in the Russian Civil War
  5. ↑ Russian operation on the Isthmus of Perekop
  6. ^ Russian members of the People's Commissariat for Defense of the USSR
  7. ↑ Russian People's Commissariat for Defense of the USSR
  8. ↑ Russian special assessors at the Supreme Court of the USSR
  9. ↑ Russian. The Tukhachevsky case
  10. ↑ Russian Управление Боевой Подготовки Красной армии
  11. ↑ Russian Iwan Dmitrijewitsch Kaschirin
  12. ↑ Russian Pyotr Dmitrijewitsch Kaschirin
personal data
SURNAME Kashirin, Nikolai Dmitrievich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Каширин, Николай Дмитриевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION soviet general
DATE OF BIRTH February 16, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Verkhneuralsk , Orenburg Governorate
DATE OF DEATH June 14, 1938
Place of death Moscow