Nicolaus Friedreich

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Nicolaus Friedreich

Nicolaus Friedreich , also written to Nikolaus (* July 31, 1825 in Würzburg , † July 6, 1882 in Heidelberg ) was a German pathologist and internist in Würzburg and Heidelberg.

Life

Friedreich was the third famous doctor in his family. His father was the Würzburg medical professor and forensic doctor Johann Baptist Friedreich (1796–1862), his grandfather the pathologist Nicolaus Anton Friedreich (1761–1836), who described facial paralysis ("Bell's palsy").

Nikolaus studied medicine in Würzburg at the Julius Maximilians University from 1844 to 1850 , with a short break of one semester in 1847 in Heidelberg with Jakob Henle . In 1845 he joined the Corps Rhenania Würzburg . The court councilor Carl Friedrich von Marcus (1802–1862), Albert von Kölliker , Franz von Rinecker and Virchow were his most important teachers. He was friends with Carl Gegenbaur , a fellow student. Both wrote a work on the skull of the axolotl in 1848 .

After his doctorate in 1850 he worked together with Carl Gegenbaur until 1853 in the medical clinic of the Juliusspital as an assistant to Professor Marcus.

Under the patronage of the physiologist Albert von Kölliker and the pathologist Rudolf Virchow , he completed his habilitation there in 1853 for special pathology and therapy.

When Rudolf Virchow left Würzburg in 1856 and went to the Charité in Berlin, Friedreich was appointed acting head of Würzburg pathology and in 1857 associate professor for pathological anatomy . After August Förster was appointed to succeed Virchow in 1858, Friedreich became full professor of pathology and therapy and director of the medical clinic at Heidelberg University and left Würzburg on March 29, 1858.

Friedreich's students included Adolf Kussmaul , Wilhelm Erb , Richard von Krafft-Ebing and Friedrich Schultze . In 1863, with his work on degenerative atrophy of the posterior spinal cords, he described an ataxia that was later called Friedreich's ataxia . He succeeded in differentiating this disease from spinocerebellar hereditary ataxia. In 1881 Friedreich described the multiple paralyses and introduced the term "myoclonus" into neurology. He also paid special attention to cardiovascular diseases. In 1880 Friedreich was elected a member of the Leopoldina . From a medical point of view, Friedreich was the builder of the old Heidelberg University Hospital on Vossstrasse. He was a member of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors .

Honors

A patient station in the medical department of the Heidelberg University Hospital ( Ludolf von Krehl Klinik) on Bergheimer Strasse was named after Friedreich . Since moving to the clinic premises in Neuenheimer Feld in 2004, a display board in the foyer of the Medical University Clinic has been reminding of Nicolaus Friedreich.

Works (selection)

  • Another case of leukemia . Virchow's Archive for Pathological Anatomy and Physiology and for Clinical Medicine, Berlin, 1857, 12: 37–58.
  • The diseases of the nose, larynx, trachea, thyroid and thymus glands . In Virchow's Handbook of Special Pathology and Therapy. 1858.
  • A Contribution to the Pathology of Trichinella Disease in Humans . Virchow's Archives for Pathological Anatomy and Physiology and for Clinical Medicine, Berlin, 1862, 25: 399-413.
  • The diseases of the heart . Virchow's Handbook of Special Pathology and Therapy. Erlangen, 1854, 5, 1 abbot, 385-530. 2nd edition, Erlangen, F. Enke, 1867.
  • On degenerative atrophy of the posterior spinal cords . Virchow's Archive for Pathological Anatomy and Physiology and for Clinical Medicine, Berlin, (A) 26: 391, 433; 1863.
  • On ataxia with special consideration of the hereditary forms . Virchow's Archives for Pathological Anatomy and Physiology and for Clinical Medicine, Berlin, 1863.
  • The Heidelberg barracks for war epidemics during the campaign in 1870 and 1871 . Heidelberg, 1871.
  • About progressive muscular atrophy, about true and false muscular atrophy . Berlin, 1873.
  • The acute spleen tumor and its relation to the acute infectious diseases . (Volkmann's collection of clinical lectures), Leipzig, 1874.
  • Paramyoclonus multiplex . Virchows Archive for Pathological Anatomy and Physiology, and for Clinical Medicin, Berlin, 1881, 86: 421-430.

literature

  • Rudolf Virchow : In memory of Nicolaus Friedreich , Virchows Archiv Pathol. Anat. Physiol. Klin. Med., Reimer Berlin 1882, pp. 213-220.
  • Julius Pagel:  Friedreich, Nicolaus . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 48, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1904, p. 785 f.
  • Robert Herrlinger:  Friedreich, Nikolaus. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 458 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Dagmar Drüll: Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon 1803-1932 . (Ed.): Rectorate of the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität-Heidelberg. Springer Berlin Heidelberg Tokyo. 2012. 324 pp. ISBN 978-3-642-70761-2
  • Thomas Sauer, Ralf Vollmuth : Letters from members of the Würzburg medical faculty in the estate of Anton Ruland. Sources on the history of medicine in the 19th century with short biographies. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 9, 1991, pp. 135-206, here: p. 151.

Web links

Commons : Nikolaus Friedreich  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Melchior Josef Bandorf :  Friedreich, Johannes Baptista . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 400.
  2. ↑ August Hirsch:  Friedreich, Nicolaus Anton . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 400 f.
  3. ^ Kösener corps lists 1910, 209 , 93
  4. ^ Klaudia Tomasevic: The medical care of children in the middle of the 19th century using the example of Würzburg. Würzburg, January (2002) Inaugural dissertation p. 47, online (PDF; 3.7 MB)
  5. ^ Robert Herrlinger:  Friedreich, Nikolaus. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 458 f. ( Digitized version ).
  6. ^ Habilitation thesis: Contributions to the theory of tumors within the cranial cavity
  7. ↑ Werner E. Gerabek : Friedreich, Nikolaus. In: Werner E. Gerabek, Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 440 f .; here: p. 440.
  8. ^ Paul Girard: History of Neurology , in: Illustrated history of medicine. (Jean-Charles Sournia, Jacques Poulet, Marcel Martiny: Histoire de la médicine, de la pharmacie, de l'art dentaire et de l'art vétérinaire. Ed. By Albin Michel-Laffont-Tchou and colleagues, Paris 1977–1980, 8 volumes) German adaptation by Richard Toellner with the collaboration of Wolfgang Eckart , Nelly Tsouyopoulos , Axel Hinrich Murken and Peter Hucklenbroich, 9 volumes, Salzburg 1980–1982; also as a special edition in six volumes, ibid. 1986, vol. 2 of the special edition, p. 1149.
  9. ^ Friedreich N .: Neuropathological observation in multiplex paramyoclonus. In: Virchows Arch path Anat physiol klin Med . tape 86 , 1881, pp. 421-434 .
  10. ^ Erich Kuhn: Nikolaus Friedreich , in: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann : Doctors Lexicon. From antiquity to the present , 3rd edition Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2006, pp. 129–130, ISBN 978-3-540-29584-6 (print), ISBN 978-3-540-29585-3 (online). doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-540-29585-3
  11. ↑ Member entry of Nikolaus Anton Friedreich at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on September 7, 2016.
  12. ^ Wilhelm Doerr : The Pathological Institute, in: Gotthard Schettler (ed.): The Heidelberg University Hospital and its Institutes , Springer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin 1986, p. 11. ISBN 3-540-16033-7
  13. ↑ Members of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors 1857
  14. ^ Erich Kuhn: Nicolaus Friedreich , in: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann : Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the 20th century , 1st edition, CH Beck Munich 1995, p. 146 a .
personal data
SURNAME Friedreich, Nicolaus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Friedreich, Nikolaus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pathologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH July 31, 1825
PLACE OF BIRTH Wurzburg
DATE OF DEATH July 6, 1882
Place of death Heidelberg