Nicholas of Endres

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Nicholas Endres , since 1914 knight of Endres , (* 25. October 1862 in Würzburg ; † 23. September 1938 in Munich ) was a Bavarian Infantry General and Commanding General of the First Army Corps in the First World War .

Life

Nikolaus was the son of the district court president Philipp Endres and his wife Anna, née Schmidt. Karl von Endres was his brother.

Endres first graduated from high school and then joined the 1st Infantry Regiment "König" of the Bavarian Army as a three-year-old volunteer on October 1, 1881 . There he was appointed Portepéefährich on March 18, 1882 and promoted to Second Lieutenant on December 22, 1883 . On March 16, 1887 he was transferred to the 8th Infantry Regiment “Grand Duke Friedrich II of Baden” in Metz . Here he was promoted to prime lieutenant on June 13, 1892 , and on January 1, 1889, he was assigned to the military academy . From September 22, 1893 to September 30, 1894 he was adjutant of the 7th Infantry Brigade in Würzburg , was then assigned to the General Staff and promoted to captain on November 20, 1897 .

Endres was transferred to the General Staff of the Ingolstadt Governorate on July 21, 1900. In 1901 he was appointed company commander in the 2nd Infantry Regiment "Crown Prince" . Next Endres was transferred to the General Staff of the 1st Division in 1902 and major on September 21, 1902 . He stayed there for two years, came to the Central Office of the General Staff and in 1906 to the General Staff of the 1st Army Corps . Endres was promoted to lieutenant colonel on September 11, 1907 , appointed head of department and in 1908 chief of the general staff. As a colonel (since March 7, 1910), he took over the 1st Infantry Regiment on October 23, 1910. This was followed by his appointment as director of the War Academy and on January 21, 1913, his promotion to major general . In March of the same year he took over the 2nd Infantry Brigade .

In early 1914, Endres received the Knight's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown from the hands of his king . Associated with this was the elevation into the personal nobility and from this point on he was allowed to call himself "Knight of Endres".

With the outbreak of World War I, Endres was deployed as a brigade commander in the 6th Army on the Western Front . On March 6, 1915, he took over the 1st Infantry Brigade , shortly afterwards on April 20, 1915, he was given the command of the 5th Division and promoted to Lieutenant General on May 19, 1915 .

Endres replaced Oskar Ritter von Xylander on June 19, 1918 as commanding general of the 1st Army Corps .

On December 31, 1919 Endres was removed from the army while being promoted to General of the Infantry .

Endres kept a diary throughout the First World War, to which he entrusted insights into his service time and into his thoughts. The handwritten original of the records is in the Bavarian Army Museum in Ingolstadt. It was published in 2012.

Endres was married to Maria Thieme on May 21, 1898. The marriage produced a son and a daughter.

Awards

literature

  • Rudolf von Kramer, Otto Freiherr von Waldenfels: VIRTUTI PRO PATRIA. The Royal Bavarian Military Max Joseph Order. Acts of War and Book of Honor 1914-1918. Self-published by the Royal Bavarian Military Max Joseph Order, Munich 1966, pp. 284–285.
  • Elisabeth Haug (Ed.): The First World War: War Diary of General Nikolaus Ritter von Endres 1914-1918 , Hamburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-8482-6616-6 .
personal data
SURNAME Endres, Nikolaus von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Endres, Nikolaus Ritter von (full name); Endres, Nicholas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bavarian general of the infantry
DATE OF BIRTH October 25, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Wurzburg
DATE OF DEATH September 23, 1938
Place of death Munich