Oeslau
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Oeslau
City of Rödental
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| Height : | 316 m |
| Area : | 2.33 km² |
| Residents : | 3452 (December 31, 2011) |
| Population density : | 1,480 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1971 |
| Postal code : | 96472 |
| Area code : | 09563 |
Oeslau is a district of the Upper Franconian town of Rödental in the Coburg district . On January 1, 1971, Oeslau belonged to the "founding communities" of Rödental along with the former communities of Mönchröden , Einberg , Rothenhof , Kipfendorf and Unterwohlsbach .
geography
The historical core of Oeslaus, today's domain, lies between the Röden and Itz rivers . In the local area , the Röden flows into a mill ditch of the Itz, the Wohlsbach, and then into the Itz. There were up to four mills in the village.
history
The first mention of the settlement ozzelen, from which today's Oeslau developed, comes from the year 1162. Chuonart Marholt de Ozzelen was probably the head of the settlement and was mentioned in a letter from Bishop Eberhard II of Bamberg regarding a border dispute between the monastery of Banz and Hermann Sterker, Burgrave of Meissen , given as a witness.
The courtyard with a weir was built on a medieval trade route from the Main Valley to Erfurt and an earlier ford across the Röden river. Over the centuries, the fortification developed into a moated castle and finally a castle. Since the 14th century, the owners have been the von Coburg family of lords, who sold the property to the mint masters of Rosenau in 1451. In 1600, Duke Johann Casimir acquired the castle and estate for 28,000 guilders and passed it on to the Princely Chamber of Coburg as a domain. Nothing is left of the medieval stock. In 1632 the village was destroyed during the Thirty Years War . The reconstruction took about a hundred years. In 1848 a fire destroyed the moated castle. In place of the farm building, a new building in the old German castle style was built.
In 1858 the Coburg – Sonneberg railway with the Oeslau station was opened. Until a primary school was set up in 1884, the Oeslau students had to go to Einberg. In 1902 the community was connected to the gas supply network and in 1910/11 to the electricity network.
In 1604 the first wooden bridge was built over the Mühlgraben, which was replaced in 1806 by an arch bridge made of sandstone blocks and in 1901 by an iron bridge ( Herzog-Alfred-Brücke ). A wooden bridge over the Röden was built in 1869, followed by one made of stone blocks in 1890.
Place name
Graßmuck is based on a Slavic form Oslin, which belongs to Slavic osla "grindstone".
Population development
The population development is characterized by strong increases as a result of expanding industrial companies and as a result of the refugees after the Second World War .
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Attractions
The core of the parish church St. Johannis was probably built in 1517 by Heinz von Rosenau in place of a castle chapel. The late Gothic two-bay church house Duke Johann Casimir rebuild 1600/04 and a stucco ceiling of, pulpit and galleries in the form of the late Renaissance attach. In 1863 Queen Victoria arranged for the church to be renovated from her own resources. In 1950 Oeslau, which had previously been a subsidiary of Einberg for centuries, was elevated to an independent parish. In 1953/54 the nave was extended to the west. The wooden tower standing there was demolished and massively rebuilt on the north side. In addition, the double galleries were reduced to single-story galleries.
economy
The Annawerk founded in 1857 and the W. Goebel porcelain factory opened in 1871 have shaped Oeslau as an industrial location in the past centuries. In 1962 they had a total of 2,300 employees.
A street tavern and a brewery belonged to the Dömane. Over the centuries, today's Grosch brewery developed from the street tavern, which was granted the license to drink and brew beer in 1492. In 1820, the Bauersachs family got permission to brew outside the domain in their own house with an attached inn. The business, which was expanded to include a hotel in the 1970s, has been owned by the Grosch family since 1852. The domain brewery was outsourced after a fire in 1848. In 1907, Carl Sauerteig acquired the inn and the brewery, which changed its name to Brewery 66 in 1966 and ceased construction in 1984 after it was taken over by Kulmbacher Reichelbräu AG. The brewery building, erected in 1936, was demolished in 1998.
dialect
Itzgründisch , a Main Franconian dialect , is spoken in Oeslau .
literature
- Oeslau community: 800 years of Oeslau 1162–1962 . A. Roßteuscher printing house, Coburg 1962
Web links
- 40 years of Rödental (PDF; 12.3 MB)
- Location map from 1861
Individual evidence
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 442 .
- ↑ Horst GRASSMUCK: Place names of the county Coburg. Inaugural dissertation from the University of Erlangen 1955, p. 15
- ^ Wolfgang Vatke: Coburg breweries city and country . Veste-Verlag Roßteutscher, Coburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-925431-03-6 , p. 272
