Paris Opera

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Edgar Degas : Ballet Hall of the Opera on Rue Le Peletier, 1872

The Paris Opera (official name: Opéra National de Paris ) and its predecessor institutes play an important role in opera history with their style-defining world premieres. The institution of the Opéra has always been viewed as independent of its changing venues. Before the French Revolution (since 1669) it was called the Académie Royale de musique and was incorporated into the Académie Royale .

history

The Opéra was the official theater of the French court at the end of the 17th century (similar to the Comédie-Française for spoken drama). In contrast to the Comédie-Française, the Opéra did not receive any royal subsidies and had to cover some of its costs by renting out its privileges. Although it was extensively regulated by the king, the Opera Academy was initially a private business of the owner of the privilege he had conferred, but after the years of management by Lully it became consistently in deficit and needed the support of the city of Paris to add the Menus Plaisirs and thus part of it shortly before the revolution of the royal family. At the end of the 18th century, the Opéra-Comique was opened as an institution of a bourgeois counterculture to the Opéra. In the 19th century the nobility withdrew from the opera, and as a counterweight to the emerging genre of the opéra-comique , the grand opéra developed as a new and equally bourgeois pillar of the opéra. From the dance performances of the operas, which were always very important in France, the independent ballet developed here .

The Opéra exists as a “national” institution.

Locations

Palais Garnier

Current

The Opéra National de Paris uses two opera houses:

  • The old opera, which opened on January 5, 1875, named Opéra Garnier or “Palais Garnier” after its architect , has been used mainly for ballet performances by the Ballet de l'Opéra de Paris and classical operas since the inauguration of the new opera house in 1989 . With an area of ​​11,237 m², the Opéra Garnier is the largest theater in the world, but is surpassed in the number of seats by the La Scala in Milan and the Vienna State Opera . This historic building is also the scene of the events in Gaston Leroux's classic horror novel The Phantom of the Opera .
Opéra Bastille, July 1989

Opened in 1875, the Opéra Garnier is one of the architectural sights of Paris. It has a capacity of 2150 spectators. The design of the staircase, the ballroom and the foyer shows the splendor of the Second Empire in perfection.

Since 1671

Duration building Street
March 19, 1671 - March 30, 1672 Jeu de Paume de la Bouteille Rue des Fossées-de-Nesles (as Rue Jacques-Callot )
November 15, 1672 - 1673 Jeu de Paume du Bel-Air Rue des Fossées-de-Nesles (as Rue de Médicis )
June 16, 1673 - April 6, 1763 Salle du Palais-Royal Rue Saint-Honoré (between Rue de Valois and Rue des Bons-Enfants ). Destroyed by fire on April 6, 1763.
January 24, 1764 - January 23, 1770 Salle des Tuileries in the Tuileries between the Pavillon de l'Horloge and the Pavillon de Marsan . Destroyed by fire in May 1871.
January 26, 1770 - June 1781 Salle du Palais-Royal Rue Saint-Honoré (on the site of the theater that burned down in 1673, destroyed by fire in June 1781)
August 14, 1781 - October 1781 Salle des Menus-Plaisirs (the former Salle de la Foire Saint-Laurent ) Rue Bergère , demolished in 1910
October 27, 1781 - August 1794 Salle de la Porte Saint-Martin Boulevard Saint-Martin (on the site of the later Théâtre de la Porte Saint-Martin ), destroyed by fire in May 1871
August 7, 1794 - February 1820 Salle Montansier Rue de la Loi (as Square Louvois ), demolished 1820–1821
April 19, 1820 - May 11, 1821 Salle Favart ( Théâtre Italy ) Rue Favart / Place Boieldieu (on the site of today's 3rd Salle Favart , venue of the Opéra-Comique ); on 13./14. Destroyed by fire January 1838.
May 15, 1821 - June 15, 1821 Salle Louvois Rue de Louvois , demolished in 1899
August 16, 1821 - October 27, 1873 Salle Le Peletier Rue Le Peletier , on 27./28. Destroyed by fire in October 1873
January 19, 1874 - December 30, 1874 Salle Ventadour (Opéra Italy) at the current location of the Banque de France
since January 5, 1875 Opera Garnier Place de l'Opéra
since July 13, 1989 Opera Bastille Place de la Bastille

Important world premieres

Important chief conductors

See also

Web links

Commons : Paris Opera  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jérôme de La Gorce: L'Opéra à Paris au temps de Louis XIV. Histoire d'un théâtre , Paris 1992, p. 185.