Oskar Wolff (chemist)

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Oskar Wolff (born February 26, 1858 in Walsrode ; † September 1, 1943 there ) was a German chemist, industrialist and politician.

Life

Oskar Wolff was the second of four children of the powder manufacturer Wilhelm Wolff from Walsrode and his wife Clara, née. Marcard, born. He attended the Rector's School in Walsrode until around 1871. Afterwards he switched to the commercial school in Hildesheim for two years and to the Wöhlerschule in Frankfurt am Main for two more years . From 1875 to 1877 he completed an apprenticeship in the Walsroder trading office of the Deutsche Pulverfabriken AG. After its dissolution in 1876, the paternal businesses, located in neighboring Bomlitz , traded under the name Wolff & Co KGaA . In 1877 he went to study chemistry at the Hanover Polytechnic . He became active in the Corps Saxonia Hannover . As early as 1878, while still studying, he received power of attorney in his father's company. In 1879 he continued his studies at the Technical University of Charlottenburg ; However, he broke it off at his father's request and returned to Walsrode. From autumn 1880 he did his military service. In 1882 he married Maria Heyn from Lüneburg .

In 1886, after the death of his father, Oskar Wolff took over the management and management of Wolff & Co. In 1887, he signed a cartel agreement with the Cramer & Buchholz powder factory in Rönsahl . The cartel was expanded in 1889 to include the other two important German powder producers, who were to merge in 1890 to form the United Cologne-Rottweiler Pulverfabriken AG . 1888 Wolff started next to black powder and smokeless gunpowder manufacture. Other products were nitrocellulose , so-called gun cotton, and hunting cartridges . After the First World War he took up the production of viscose products . This included the crystal-clear paper Transparit , artificial casing for food packaging ( Walsroder casing ), electrical insulation material and bottle caps.

While the other members of the powder cartel were absorbed by IG Farbenindustrie AG in 1926 , Wolff & Co. retained its independence. However, IG Farben held 75% of the limited partnership shares. Oskar Wolff led the company for 55 years until January 1, 1943. He was a board member of Section III of the trade association for the chemical industry.

During the empire, Oskar Wolff was a member of the Hanover Provincial Parliament (1889 to 1920) and the Prussian House of Representatives . During the Weimar Republic he was mayor- word holder of the city of Walsrode (1896–1933) and deputy of the Fallingbostel district. During the time of National Socialism , he opposed the coordination of the municipal committees of the Fallingbostel district .

Honors

literature

  • Stephan Heinemann: "The King of Walsrode". From the life of Oskar Wolff (1858–1943) . Published in the series Rückblende (4) of the Foundation Geschichtshaus Bomlitz eV, Walsrode 2008
  • Beatrix Herlemann , Helga Schatz: Biographical Lexicon of Lower Saxony Parliamentarians, 1919–1945 , Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 2004, p. 398
  • Wolff, Oskar. In: Robert Volz: Reich manual of the German society . The handbook of personalities in words and pictures. Volume 2: L-Z. Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1931, DNB 453960294 , p. 2066.
  • Carsten Walczok: The powder mills of Meckelfeld and Bomlitz - The manufacture of gunpowder in the 18th and 19th centuries using the example of two powder mills . Published in the series: Publications of the Hamburg Working Group for Regional History (HAR) , Volume 26, 2009, ISBN 978-3-643-10138-9
  • Rainer Ertel (text), Antje Doll, Gunter Mühge (ed.): Oskar Wolff / chemist, entrepreneur , in this: The bearers of the Karmarsch medal 1925 to 2011. A foray through German scientific and economic history . Edited by the Freundeskreis der Leibniz-Universität Hannover eV, Hannover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 2011, ISBN 978-3-7752-6163-0 , pp. 24f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Rainer Ertel (text), Antje Doll, Gunter Mühge (red.): Oskar Wolff / chemist, entrepreneur , in this: The bearers of the Karmarsch medal 1925 to 2011. A foray through German scientific and economic history . Edited by the Freundeskreis der Leibniz-Universität Hannover eV, Hannover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 2011, ISBN 978-3-7752-6163-0 , pp. 24f.
  2. ↑ Bernhard Mann : Biographical Handbook for the Prussian House of Representatives 1867-1918 (= Handbooks on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 3). Droste, Düsseldorf 1988, ISBN 3-7700-5146-7 , p. 424.
  3. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung , 36th year 1916, No. 30 (from April 12, 1916) (online) , p. 212 (section official communications ).
personal data
SURNAME Wolff, Oskar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German industrialist and politician
DATE OF BIRTH February 26, 1858
PLACE OF BIRTH Walsrode
DATE OF DEATH September 1, 1943
Place of death Walsrode