Otto Zuckerkandl

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Atlas and floor plan of surgical operations theory" (English edition 1898)
Illustrations of gastrostomy and colostomy in the "Atlas and floor plan of surgical operation theory"

Otto Zuckerkandl ( December 28, 1861 in Raab ; † July 1, 1921 in Vienna ) was an Austrian urologist , surgeon and university professor .

Life

origin

Otto Zuckerkandl grew up in a Jewish family in Győr (dt. Raab), Hungary . His father Leon Zuckerkandl (1819–1899) came from the village of Bunden in East Prussia . His mother Eleanor (1828–1900) was born a king. His older brothers were the anatomist Emil Zuckerkandl (1849–1910) and the industrialist Victor Zuckerkandl (1851–1927). His younger brother Robert was a lawyer and university professor in Prague ; his sister Amalie was married to the doctor Emil Redlich until 1901.

education and profession

Zuckerkandl studied medicine and received his doctorate from the University of Vienna in 1884 . Arthur Schnitzler was one of his college friends . From 1889 he became assistant to the surgeon Eduard Albert (1841–1900) in Vienna, two years later he served at the Vienna General Hospital under the direction of Leopold von Dittel (1815–1898). In 1892 he became a lecturer in surgery and later received promotions as associate professor (1904) and full professor (1912). From 1902 he was the primary physician at the Rothschild Hospital in Vienna.

Zuckerkandl specializes in diseases of the urethra , bladder and prostate . In 1919 he founded the Vienna Urological Society (from 1936 Austrian Society for Urology) and became its first president. The "Zuckerkandl Prize" is an award for special achievements in the field of urology.

family

On July 7, 1895, Zuckerkandl married Amalie “Mirjam” Schlesinger (1869–1942), who had previously converted to Judaism for his sake . They had three children: Victor, Eleonore "Nora" and Hermine. Gustav Klimt painted a portrait of Amalie in 1917 , but it remained unfinished after Klimt's death in 1918. The couple divorced in 1919, and Otto died a short time later on July 1, 1921.

Gustav Klimt : Portrait of Amalie Zuckerkandl (1917–1918)

Amalie then lived in the Purkersdorf Sanatorium , which belonged to her brother-in-law Victor , in modest circumstances. At the end of the twenties she sold the Klimt painting to Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer for a small pension . After the annexation of Austria , Amalie announced to the property transfer office in July 1938 that she would receive a pension of 800 Reichsmarks per year from the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde “by mercy”. In addition, they receive "from friends" - Bloch-Bauer is meant - a support of 133.33 Reichsmarks per month, which "will probably expire soon". In the summer of 1941 Bloch-Bauer, who had fled to Zurich , returned the portrait to Amalie and stopped making payments.

In November 1941, the now 72-year-old Amalie was "resettled" with her daughter Nora in a collective apartment, deported to Izbica in April 1942 and probably murdered in the Belzec extermination camp . Their property fell to the German Reich .

Descendants and inheritance

Family grave of Otto Zuckerkandl in the old Israelite part of the Vienna Central Cemetery

Otto Zuckerkandl's marriage to Amalie had three children:

  • Viktor (1896–1965) became a well-known musicologist and emigrated to the USA in 1938 before the Nazis.
  • Eleonore (1898–1942) married Paul Stiasný (* 1894, missing 1942). In 1927 she inherited one sixth of the Purkersdorf sanatorium. In 1930 her husband Paul Stiasný became managing director there until the " Aryanization " in 1938 . In 1941–41 she was deported and murdered with her mother Amalie (see above). Her son Otto Stiasný (1921–1944) was deported from Brno to Theresienstadt in 1942 , from there to Auschwitz in 1944 and murdered there.
  • Hermine (1902–2000) inherited another sixth of the sanatorium and married the painter Wilhelm Müller-Hoffmann (1885–1948), professor at the Vienna School of Applied Arts . After the "Anschluss", her husband was given leave of absence, "because he is married to a Jewish woman, was a member of a Masonic lodge for many years and, before the seizure of power, expressed his opposing attitude to the NSDAP with a poem of ridicule against the Führer". His work was declared "degenerate" and destroyed. Hermione had to pay 7000 Reichsmarks for a "kinship certificate" that showed Hermione to be "half-Jewish" and thus turned out to be worthless. In an emergency, the Klimt family sold Amalie portrait for 1,600 Reichsmarks to Vita Künstler , who had taken over the Neue Galerie from Otto Kallir . Vita's husband bought it for 2,000 marks. It had an insurance value of 10,000 marks. Today it is kept in the Belvedere in Vienna .

Fonts

  • Atlas and outline of the surgical operation theory. Vienna 1897. Edition 1909  - Internet Archive . After d. Author death new ed. by Ernst Seifert , JF Lehmanns Verlag, 1924, 6., revised. u. presumably ed.
  • Handbook of Urology. (with Anton von Frisch ) Vienna 1904-06,
  • Local diseases of the urinary bladder. Vienna 1899, reprint by VDM Verlag, Dr. Müller, Saarbrücken 2007
  • Studies on the anatomy and clinic of prostate hypertrophy. (with Julius Tandler ), Vienna 1922; Reprint at VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, Saarbrücken 2007.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Leon Zuckerkandl's obituary on MyHeritage , accessed September 17, 2018.
  2. ↑ lostart.de
  3. ↑ holocaust.cz
  4. ↑ gaestebuecher-schloss-neub throw.de
  5. ↑ Thomas Trenkler 2006.
personal data
SURNAME Zuckerkandl, Otto
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian urologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 28, 1861
PLACE OF BIRTH Győr
DATE OF DEATH July 1, 1921
Place of death Vienna