Victor Zuckerkandl (industrialist)
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Victor Zuckerkandl (also Viktor Zuckerkandl , born April 11, 1851 in Raab , Austrian Empire , † February 9, 1927 in Berlin ) was an Austrian industrialist , clinic operator and art collector .
Life
origin
He grew up in a Jewish family in Győr (Ger. Raab), Hungary . His father Leon Zuckerkandl (1819–1899) came from the village of Bunden in East Prussia . His mother Eleanor (1828–1900) was born a king.
job
After finishing school, Victor first joined the Austro-Hungarian army . From 1882 he worked in the wire factory "Heinrich Kern & Co." in Gleiwitz . In 1887 he became commercial director of the "Oberschlesischen Eisen-Industrie-AG für Bergbau und Metallbetrieb", founded in the same year, and in 1904 its general director . He founded and managed the "Russische Eisenindustrie-AG" in Gliwice, which also took over the Hantke company with locations in Warsaw , Yekaterinoslaw and Saratow , and expanded it into an international group.
In 1901 Zuckerkandl acquired a large property with a healing spring and several villas in Purkersdorf on the city limits of Vienna . Based on a recommendation from his sister-in-law Berta Zuckerkandl-Szeps , in the following years the architect Josef Hoffmann built a "hydropathic facility and spa park", the Purkersdorf sanatorium , and equipped it with the Wiener Werkstätte . The house soon became Vienna's social and artistic meeting place. The guests included Egon Friedell , Hugo von Hofmannsthal , Kolo Moser , Gustav and Alma Mahler , Arnold Schönberg , Arthur Schnitzler , Ferdinand Bloch , Adele Bloch-Bauer and August Lederer .
In 1916 Zuckerkandl moved to Berlin, where he had acquired another fully equipped villa in Grunewald . Whenever possible, he continued to spend the summer months in Purkersdorf.
Private
Victor was married to Paula, née Freund, from Gleiwitz. The marriage remained childless. His brothers Emil and Otto were successful doctors and university teachers in Vienna , his younger brother Robert was a lawyer and university professor in Prague , his sister Amalie Redlich married the neuropathologist Emil Redlich in 1901.
Art collections
Like his brothers, Victor was also an art collector and patron . The focus of his collection was paintings, watercolors and drawings from the 19th century ( Carl Agricola , Rudolf von Alt , Moritz Daffinger , Peter Fendi , Charles Hoguet , Eugen Jettel , Josef Kriehuber , Thomas Lawrence , Adolf von Menzel , August von Pettenkofen , Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld , Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller and others) and the Secession style ( Gustav Klimt , Walter Leistikow , Carl Moll and others), miniatures , copper engravings and high-quality furniture in Empire and Art Nouveau.
In addition, there was a collection of over 1200 pieces of East Asian art, for which he had a villa specially prepared as a "Japanese Museum" near the sanatorium in 1907 . During the First World War he donated the East Asian collection, estimated at 150,000 Reichsmarks, to the Museum of Applied Arts and Antiquities in Breslau . The museum was destroyed and looted during World War II , and a small part of the collection is now in the Wroclaw National Museum .
In connection with his move to Berlin, Zuckerkandl also had part of his antique furniture and art collection auctioned at the Viennese auction house CJ Wawra in October 1916.
estate
After the death of Zuckerkandl in February 1927 and his wife Paula 3 months later, the inheritance was divided among the close relatives. Most of the still impressive art collection was auctioned off again at CJ Wawra in May 1928. Some things remained unsold, such as Waldmüller's painting “ Children coming from school ” from 1836 , which Victor's sister Amalie Redlich finally took over along with other works of art, taking into account her inheritance. Zuckerkandl's seven paintings by Gustav Klimt, including two large portraits of his wife Paula and his sister Amalie, did not even make it to the auction: “Allee im Park von Schloss Kammer” was sold by the community of heirs to the Austrian gallery , the remaining works were distributed among themselves, three of them, including “Cassone” , “Litzlberg am Attersee” and her portrait, came into Amalie's possession. In 1941 Amalie was deported to Łódź and murdered there, her pictures were confiscated by the Secret State Police .
Awards
- 1917 Dr. Ing. Eh from the Technical University of Berlin for his efforts to improve the social situation of workers and employees
Sources and web links
- Kurt Schwerin: The Jews in Silesia. From their history and their contribution to economy and culture. In: Bulletin of the Leo Baeck Institute No. 56/57. Tel Aviv 1980, pp. 1-84.
- Stahl und Eisen , Volume 47, Issues 1–26, Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldorf 1927.
- Rudolf Vierhaus (ed.): Victor Zuckerkandl. In: German Biographical Encyclopedia. Walter de Gruyter , Munich 2008, p. 892.
- Austrian National Library (Ed.): Handbook of Austrian authors of Jewish origin, 18th to 20th centuries . 3 volumes. tape 3 . KG Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-11545-8 , p. 1524 .
- CJ Wawra: Auction of the collection by General Director Viktor Zuckerkandl. Catalog for auction on October 26, 1916 ff, catalog no. 236. Vienna 1916 [2]
- CJ Wawra: Collection General Director Dr. Victor and Paula Zuckerkandl, oil paintings, watercolors, miniatures and art objects. Catalog for auction on May 7th and 8th, 1928. Vienna 1928 [3]
- Thomas Trenkler : A farewell forever. In: derStandard.at , June 3, 2011
Individual evidence
- ↑ Leon Zuckerkandl's obituary notice. In: Neue Freie Presse , January 23, 1899, p. 7 (online at ANNO ). .
- ↑ Leo Baeck 1980, p. 38
- ↑ Vierhaus 2008, p. 892
- ↑ Kunstgewerbeblatt: Organ of the Kunstgewerbevereine Berlin, Dresden, Düsseldorf, Elberfeld, Frankfurt a. M., Hamburg, Hanover, Karlsruhe IB, Königsberg i. Preussen, Leipzig, Magdeburg, Pforzheim and Stuttgart - NF 28.1917 p. 176 [1]
- ↑ Amalie Zuckerkand in the Central Database of the Names of Holocaust Victims at the Yad Vashem Memorial
- ↑ https://www.museumdermoderne.at/
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Zuckerkandl, Victor |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Zuckerkandl, Viktor |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian industrialist, clinic operator and art collector |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 11, 1851 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Raab , Hungary |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 9, 1927 |
| Place of death | Berlin |