Parliamentary election in Hungary 2014

← 2010General election
20142018 →

 %

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

44.87

25.57

20.22

5.34

4.00

Fidesz ^a

MSZP ^b

Jobbik

LMP

Otherwise.

Gains and losses

compared to 2010

 % p

   8th

   6th

   4th

   2

   0

  -2

  -4

  -6

  -8th

-7.86

+6.27

+3.55

-2.14

+0.13

Fidesz ^a

MSZP ^b

Jobbik

LMP

Otherwise.

Remarks:

^a In electoral alliance with KDNP

^b In an electoral alliance of several left-wing parties (« Összefogás 2014 »)

38

5

133

23

38 5 133 23 

199 seats in total

• MSZP : 38
• LMP : 5
• Fidesz : 133
• Jobbik : 23

The parliamentary elections in Hungary in 2014 took place on April 6, 2014. The Hungarian parliament ( Országgyűlés ) was newly occupied .

Starting position

In the parliamentary elections in 2010 , the then MSZP- led government suffered a heavy defeat. The opposition Fidesz achieved a two-thirds majority together with the allied KDNP . Viktor Orbán became Prime Minister, which he had been from 1998 to 2002.

Political party	List votes in%	Seats
Fidesz - KDNP	52.7	263
MSZP	19.3	59
Jobbik	16.7	47
LMP	7.5	16
MDF	2.7
Others	1.1	1

Since 2010 there have been changes in the party structure mainly on the left. The two former prime ministers Ferenc Gyurcsány and Gordon Bajnai left the MSZP and became chairmen of their own parties, the Democratic Coalition / DK (Gyurcsány) and Együtt ( "Together" , Bajnai). The party "Dialogue for Hungary" (Hungarian abbreviation: PM ), which allied itself with Együtt in 2014, split off from the LMP . On January 14, 2014, MSZP, Együtt 2014, DK and the Liberal Party (MLP) of the former SZDSZ politician Gábor Fodor agreed on an electoral alliance that bears the name Összefogás 2014 and is dominated by the MSZP, whose chairman Attila Mesterházy is a joint top candidate has been. Of the 106 joint constituency candidates, the MSZP 71, Együtt-PM 22, the DK 13. Of the first 60 list places, the MSZP received 42, Együtt-PM 9, the DK 6 and the MLP 3.

Suffrage

The electoral system, which had not changed much since 1990, was fundamentally reformed in 2011. The main changes are:

• The size of parliament is almost halved from 386 to 199 seats.
• In the constituencies, whose number was reduced from 176 to 106, a relative majority is enough to win in the first ballot. The proportion of directly elected MPs increases from 45.6% to 53.3%, which strengthens the majority electoral element.
• The votes in the constituency of victorious candidates are also partly taken into account when allocating the seats to the national lists.
• There are no longer any regional party lists.
• Hungarians abroad who register are given the right to vote.
• Voters can register as a member of a minority and then choose a minority list that is favored when the first seat is allocated.

The controversial introduction of a provision that only citizens who register for the election can vote has been stopped by the Constitutional Court.

Voters living in Hungary have two votes, one list vote and one vote to vote for a direct candidate in the constituency. Hungarians abroad have only one list vote. Anyone who is registered as a minority voter can only vote on a minority list. The remaining voters can only choose one party list with their list vote.

The legislative period lasts four years (→ Hungarian constitution # Parliament and legislative process ).

Distribution of seats in the constituency

The candidate with the most votes is elected in each of the 106 constituencies. In contrast to the previous right to vote, there are no more runoff elections. Party applicants and non-party candidates who each need 500 supporting signatures from those eligible to vote in the constituency are allowed to stand in the constituency. According to the old electoral law, 750 signatures were required. Several parties can set up a joint applicant.

The number of eligible voters in the constituency may differ from the average by a maximum of 20%. In previous elections, there were constituencies with a significantly larger deviation. Nevertheless, the new constituency division was partially criticized as being partisan.

Distribution of seats according to lists

93 seats are distributed via national lists. Lists can be submitted by political parties and by national minorities. A party can only submit a list if it has put up candidates in at least a quarter of all constituencies and these constituencies are spread over at least 9 counties or Budapest (which does not belong to any county). Several parties can submit a joint list.

Parties must receive at least 5% of all list votes in order to participate in the distribution of seats. In the case of a joint list of two parties, the threshold clause is 10%; in the case of a joint list of three or more parties, 15%. Minority lists are allocated a seat in advance if they reach the so-called "preference quota". This is 1/93 of the number of all list votes divided by four (i.e. 1/372 or approx. 0.27%). Minority lists only take part in the further distribution of seats if they achieve at least 5% of all list votes.

The 93 list seats, minus the seats that may already have been allocated to minority lists in advance, are distributed based on the following number of votes:

• In the case of a party or a list of several parties, all list votes are taken into account, to which the votes of the candidates from the same party (s) not elected in the constituency are added. If a candidate from the party (s) in the constituency has been elected, his lead over the runner-up, reduced by one, is added to the list votes.
• In the case of minority lists, all list votes are taken into account, minus the number of votes required to achieve the preference quota.

On the basis of these votes to be taken into account, the seats are distributed according to the D'Hondt procedure .

Candidacies

A total of 18 party lists and 1,554 applicants in the constituencies (including 39 non-party members) were admitted. Four parties or party alliances put up applicants in all 106 constituencies:

• Fidesz - KDNP
• MSZP - DK - Együtt - PM - MLP (the " Merger 2014 ", Összefogás 2014 )
• Jobbik
• LMP

None of the other parties were represented in parliament or had any serious chance of winning a seat. According to surveys, a change of government was unlikely. Thirteen minority lists were approved.

Results

The FIDESZ-KDNP achieved 133 seats (96 of which were direct mandates) and thus exactly the number of seats required for constitutional amendments ( two-thirds majority , which was lost due to a by-election in Veszprém in February 2015). The alliance of MSZP and four other parties was able to win 10 direct mandates, 8 of them in the capital. The five parties achieve a total of 38 mandates (MSZP: 29, DK: 4, Együtt: 3, PM: 1, MLP: 1). Jobbik has 23 mandates. The remaining 5 seats go to the LMP. All other parties get far less than 1%. The minorities have not won any seats either, but will send representatives without voting rights. The turnout is just under 62%.

Constituency majorities (constituency winners) by party: Fidesz merger 2014



	Constituency votes			List votes			Total seats
	be right	%	Direct MAN date	be right	%	Seats
Eligible voters	8,047,769			8,241,488
Votes cast	4,963,336	61.67		5,093,536	61.80
Valid votes	4,908,608	98.90		5,047,363	99.09
Fidesz - KDNP	2,165,342	44.11	96	2,264,780	44.87	37	133
MSZP - DK - Együtt - PM - MLP	1,317,879	26.85	10	1,290,806	25.57	28	38
Jobbik	1,000,637	20.39		1,020,476	20.22	23	23
LMP	244.191	4.97		269.414	5.34	5	5
Munkáspárt	12,712	0.26		28,323	0.56
Other parties (all <0.5%)	154.997	3.16		154.021	3.05
Minority lists	-			19,543	0.39
Non-party	12,850	0.26		-
Total	4,908,608	100	106	5,047,363	100	93	199

The number of eligible voters and votes is greater in the list election, since the Hungarians abroad only have one list vote. Of the approximately 128,000 absentee Hungarians (mainly from Romania), 95.5% go to Fidesz-KDNP.

Web links

Commons : Parliamentary Election in Hungary 2014  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ politics.hu: Opposition leaders agree on joint list for general election ( memento of the original from January 15, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ Konrad Adenauer Foundation, Country Report Hungary from January 16, 2014
3. ^ Constitutional Court in Hungary overturns controversial voter registration. In: derStandard.at. January 4, 2013, accessed December 8, 2017 . 
4. ↑ http://lapa.princeton.edu/hosteddocs/hungary/Beyond%20democracy%20-%2027%20Nov%202011.pdf
5. ↑ Electoral Law (English translation)
6. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from February 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
7. ^ Pester Lloyd: Elections in Hungary 2014
8. ^ By-election in Hungary: Orbán party loses two-thirds majority , Spiegel-Online from February 22, 2015
9. ↑ FAZ.net February 23, 2015: Cracks in the block
10. ↑ Presentation of the results of the election commission ( memento of the original from April 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.