Pembroke College (Cambridge)
Pembroke College | |
---|---|
founding | 1347 Hall of Marie Valence, 1856 Pembroke College |
Sponsorship | University of Cambridge |
place | Cambridge |
master | Sir Richard Dearlove |
Students | 420 postgraduates : 194 |
Website | www.pem.cam.ac.uk |
The Pembroke College is the third oldest existing College of the University of Cambridge ; it has more than 600 students and fellows .
history
On Christmas Eve 1347, King Edward III. of England to Marie de Saint-Pol , widow of Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, the right to found a new educational institution at the young university in Cambridge . The Hall of Marie Valence , as the college was originally called, was intended to accommodate both students and teachers. The statutes remarkably state, on the one hand, that preference was given to students from France who had already studied at other schools in England, and on the other hand, that the students were asked to notify fellow students if they indulged in excessive drinking or visited houses with bad repute.
The college was later renamed Pembroke House and finally Pembroke College in 1856 .
building
The first buildings stood around a simple courtyard, today's Old Court, and contained all the facilities the college needed: chapel, hall, kitchen and pantry, accommodation for teachers and students. The statutes also promised an administrator, a cook, a hairdresser and a laundress. Both the establishment of the college and the construction of the city's first college chapel (1355) required the approval of a papal bull .
The original courtyard was the university's smallest at 95 × 55 feet (29 × 6.5 meters) and was not expanded to its present size until the 19th century when the southern front was demolished.
The college gatehouse, on the other hand, is the original structure, making it the oldest in Cambridge. The hall was rebuilt in the 19th century by Alfred Waterhouse after declaring the existing one unsafe.
The old chapel now forms the Old Library. It has an eye-catching plaster ceiling from the 17th century depicting birds in flight , by Henry Doogood . During the English Civil War , one of the college fellows and chaplain of later King Charles I , Mathew Wren , was imprisoned by Oliver Cromwell . When released after 18 years, he kept a promise by commissioning his nephew Christopher Wren to build a large chapel in his former college. The structure was consecrated on St Mathew's Day 1665 and enlarged on its east side by George Gilbert Scott in the 1880s .
Pembroke College also has well-tended gardens with a large area reserved for carefully selected plants. Highlights are The Orchard , a partially natural piece in the middle of the college, an impressive avenue of plane trees and an immaculately kept bowling green , which is said to be the oldest continuously used in Europe. Since 1997 there is also a new building, Foundress Court , which mainly contains offices.
Well-known alumni of Pembroke College
- Arthur John Arberry (Orientalist)
- Robin Leonard Bidwell (Orientalist)
- Tim Brooke-Taylor (actor)
- RAB Butler (politician)
- Peter Cook (actor)
- Ray Dolby (inventor)
- Simon Donaldson ( Fields Medal Winner )
- Abba Eban (politician)
- William Eliot (politician)
- Thomas Gray (poet)
- Stephen Greenblatt (literary scholar)
- Edmund Grindal (Archbishop of Canterbury)
- Naomie Harris (actress)
- Tom Hiddleston (actor)
- Ted Hughes (poet)
- Eric Idle (entertainer)
- Clive James (writer)
- Humphrey Jennings (filmmaker)
- Peter May ( cricketer )
- Bill Oddie (actor and bird watcher)
- William Pitt the Younger (politician)
- Edwin Plowden, Baron Plowden (industrialist)
- Nicholas Ridley (martyr)
- Martin Rowson (cartoonist)
- Tom Sharpe (writer)
- Christopher Smart (poet)
- Chris Smith (politician)
- Edmund Spenser (poet)
- George Gabriel Stokes (physicist)
- Peter Taylor, Baron Taylor of Gosforth ( Lord Chief Justice )
- Karan Thapar (Indian TV reporter)
- William Turner (medic)
- Wavell Wakefield, 1st Baron Wakefield of Kendal ( rugby player )
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 12 ′ 6.1 ″ N , 0 ° 7 ′ 9.1 ″ E