Peniocereus
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| ( A. Berger ) Britton & Rose |
Peniocereus is a genus of plants inthe cactus family (Cactaceae). Its botanical name ( Latin penio "thread, stick", generally something long, thin) refers to the typically thin rung in the genus.
description
Peniocereen are slender shrubs up to 3 m high with large, succulent roots . They grow upright or with creeping or climbing sprouts and branch only slightly. The only slightly succulent and sometimes quickly woody , about 0.5 to 2 cm thick rungs are either clearly angular, then usually only three to five-sided, or almost cylindrical with many flat ribs. In some species the sprouts are angular at first and then become cylindrical, in other species both sprout forms appear separately next to each other. Sometimes the plants have branches that break off easily , which, if they fall off, soon take root and thus reproduce vegetatively . The areoles of the shoots have five to 15 bright thorns , rarely more than 4 mm long , which are often tight and are shed with age. The large, strongly succulent roots that make up most of the plant's volume can weigh over 50 (up to 62) kg in some species. They are tubers or turnips and are sometimes fingered like dahlias .
The 7 to 25 cm long flowers , which appear individually from the areoles, open at night and usually have an intense smell. Moths are thought to be suitable pollinators for their narrow flower tubes . Of the long and narrow, upright bracts , the outer ones are mostly greenish to brownish-red, the inner ones are mostly white to cream-colored, more rarely pale yellow, pink or green. The stamens are a ring around the pen . After pollination of the flowers, elongated fruits up to 9 × 5 cm in size form , which turn red when ripe . They contain elongated, black seeds in a red pulp .
Systematics and distribution
The distribution area of the genus extends from the southwest of the United States over the northwest to southern Mexico to Central America .
Alwin Berger established Peniocereus in 1905 as a subsection of Cereus ( Cereus subsect. Peniocereus ). Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose raised the subsection to the rank of genus in 1909. The type species of the genus is Cereus greggii . The genus includes the following species:
- Peniocereus castellae Sanchez-Mej.
- Peniocereus chiapensis (Bravo) Gómez-Hin. & HMHern.
- Peniocereus cuixmalensis Sanchez-Mej.
- Peniocereus fosterianus Cutak
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Peniocereus greggii (Engelm.) Britton & Rose
- Peniocereus greggii var. Greggii
- Peniocereus greggii var. Transmontanus (Engelm.) Backeb.
- Peniocereus hirschtianus (K.Schum.) DRHunt
- Peniocereus johnstonii Britton & Rose
- Peniocereus lazaro-cardenasii (JLContr. Et al.) DRHunt
- Peniocereus macdougallii Cutak
- Peniocereus maculatus (Weing.) Cutak
- Peniocereus marianus (Gentry) Sanchez-Mej.
- Peniocereus oaxacensis (Britton & Rose) DRHunt
- Peniocereus occidentalis Bravo
- Peniocereus rosei J.G. Ortega
- Peniocereus serpentinus (Lag. & Rodr.) NPTaylor
- Peniocereus striatus (Brandegee) Buxb.
- Peniocereus tepalcatepecanus Sanchez-Mej.
- Peniocereus viperinus (FACWeber) Buxb.
- Peniocereus zopilotensis (J.Meyrán) Buxb.
Synonyms of the genus are Neoevansia W.T. Marshall (1941) and Cullmannia Distefano (1956).
literature
- Nathaniel Lord Britton, Joseph Nelson Rose: The Genus Cereus and its Allies in North America . In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium . Volume 12, p. 428, 1909, (online) .
- Salvador Arias, Teresa Terrazas, Hilda J. Arreola-Nava, Monserrat Vázquez-Sánchez, Kenneth M. Cameron: Phylogenetic relationships in Peniocereus (Cactaceae) inferred from plastid DNA sequence data . In: Plant Research Journal . Volume 118, Number 5, 2005, pp. 317-328, DOI: 10.1007 / s10265-005-0225-3 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Alwin Berger: A Systematic Revision of the Genus Cereus . In: Missouri Botanical Garden Annual Report . 1905, p. 77 ( JSTOR 2400072 ).
- ^ NL Britton, JN Rose: The Genus Cereus and its Allies in North America . In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium . Volume 12, 1909, p. 428 ( online ).
- ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 522-526 .
- ^ Carlos Gómez-Hinostrosa, Héctor Manuel Hernández: A new combination in Peniocereus (Cactaceae) . In: Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad . Volume 76, 2005, pp. 129–135, PDF ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
