Praskowja Sergejewna Uvarowa

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Praskowja Sergejewna Uvarowa 1856/58
Praskowja Sergejewna Uvarowa around 1870
Praskowja Sergejewna Uvarowa around 1905
Praskowja Sergejewna Uvarowa around 1910

Countess Praskovya Sergejewna Uwarowa ( Russian Прасковья Сергеевна Уварова , scientific. Transliteration Praskov'ja Sergeevna Uvarova *  9. April 1840 in Terny , Russian Empire , now Ukraine ; †  30 June 1924 in Dobrna , Kingdom of Yugoslavia , now Slovenia ) was a Russian Amateur archaeologist .

Life

Praskovia Borissovna Tschetwertinski (1818-1899), the third of the six daughters of Prince Boris Antonowitsch Tschetwertinski (1784-1865), married Prince Sergei Alexandrovich Shcherbatov (1804-1872). Praskovia Sergeevna, the second of the couple's nine children, spent their childhood in the village of Bobrik. Because the eldest of the six sons had to attend school, the family moved to Prechistoyer Alley in central Moscow in 1852 . Praskowja Sergejewna was taught by the linguist Fyodor Ivanovich Buslajew (1818-1897), the pianist Nikolai Rubinstein and the landscape painter Alexei Sawrassow . In 1854 it was presented to the Russian Empress Alexandra Feodorovna in Saint Petersburg . Some literary scholars suspect that Leo Tolstoy designed the figure of Kitty Shcherbazkaya after Praskovia Sergeyevna in his novel Anna Karenina .

On January 14, 1858, the young girl married Count Alexei Sergejewitsch Uvarow (1825-1885), son of the Russian Education Minister Sergei Semjonowitsch Uvarow (1786-1855) and a well-known archaeologist, who was fifteen years her senior . The wedding took place in Moscow's Trinity Monastery . The couple then went on a six-week honeymoon in Italy. They met with archaeologists in Venice , Genoa , Naples and Sorrento . The excavation sites were visited in Herculaneum and Pompeii . On their way home, the couple met the rose grower Jacques Julien Margottin (1817–1892) in Paris . The French named one of his breeds Comtesse Ouwaroff in 1861 .

Back at home, the young woman lived in the Uvarov country estate in Poretschje, a village in the greater Moscow area. From 1865 onwards, as part of her husband's Zemstvo activities , she headed a school commission for the Moshaisk Raion that developed programs for teacher training. Her townhouse in Moscow became the center of historical research in Russia.

Her husband was a co-founder in 1864 and chairman of the Imperial Moscow Archaeological Society until his death . The society organized the All-Russian Archaeological Congresses from 1869 . After the death of her husband in January 1885, Praskowja Sergejewna Uvarowa took over the chairmanship of the company in May 1885 and held it until the October Revolution of 1917.

A few years before the October Revolution, she stayed mostly on her estate in Karacharovo near Murom . After the revolution she went to Essentuki on the edge of the Caucasus. There she worked on completing her extensive work Описание миниатюр грузинских Евангелий XV и XVI веков ( description of the miniatures in the Georgian Gospels of the 15th and 16th centuries ). Expropriated after the October Revolution, she chose Maikop as her residence in 1918 . In addition to the archaeological investigation of the urban environment, she earned her living as a foreign language teacher. In February 1919 she left Russia on board the ship St. Nikolaus from the port of Novorossiysk and emigrated to Yugoslavia . Praskowja Sergejewna Uvarowa found her final resting place in the New Cemetery in Belgrade .

She was particularly interested in the diverse cultures of the Caucasus and both pre-Christian and especially Christian monuments in the area.

family

The Uvarow couple had seven children:

  • Alexei (Алексей) (1859-1913)
  • Praskovja (Прасковья) (1860–1934)
  • Sergei (Сергей) (1862–1888)
  • Ekaterina (Екатерина) (* and † 1863)
  • Ekaterina (1864-1953)
  • Fyodor (Фёдор) (1866–1954)
  • Igor (Игорь) (1869–1934)

Nikolai Sergejewitsch Shcherbatow, the youngest of Praskovja Sergejewna's six brothers, became an archaeologist and director of the History Museum in Moscow, which was initiated by his brother-in-law Alexei Sergejewitsch Uvarow in 1872 .

Honors

Fonts (selection)

  • Кавказ. Путевые заметки (Caucasus. Travel pictures). 3 volumes. Moscow 1887–1904.
  • Историческая записка о деятельности Императорского Московского археологического общества за первые 25 лет существования (Note Moscow about the activities of the Imperial Archaeological Society in the first 25 years of existence). 1890.
  • Областные музеи (Regional Russian Museums). 1891.
  • Каталог выставки изображений Богоматери: древний период (exhibition catalog on Pictures of Our Lady . The Older Epoch). 1896.
  • Город Бреславль и его музей (The city of Wroclaw and its museums). 1900.
  • Музей в Триесте (The Museum in Trieste). 1900.
  • Могильники Северного Кавказа (= Материалы по археологии Кавказа Volume 8) (North Caucasian burial grounds ). Moscow 1900 ( digitized version ).
  • Архитектурные памятники Юго-Западного края (Architectural Monuments of the Southwestern Russian Territory). 1902.
  • Коллекция Кавказского музея / The Collections of the Caucasian Museum , ed. by Gustav Radde . Volume 5: Archeology . Tbilisi 1902 ( digitized version ).
  • Обзор деятельности первых 12 съездов (Review of the first twelve congresses of the Moscow Archaeological Society). 1905.
  • Финифть в Порецком музее (emails in the Museum of Poretskoye ). 1909.
  • О защите памятников живой старины (On the protection of cultural monuments). 1914.
  • Былое. Давно прошедшие счастливые дни (The past. Happy days long past). State Historical Museum, Moscow 2005, ISBN 5-89076-083-1 (posthumously published memoirs).

literature

  • Сборник статей в честь графини Прасковьи Сергеевны Уваровой, 1885–1915 . Moscow 1916 (Festschrift).
  • Annegret Plontke-Lüning: Praskov'ja Sergeevna Uvarova . In: Stefan Heid, Martin Dennert (Hrsg.): Personal Lexicon for Christian Archeology . Researchers and personalities from the 16th to the 21st century. Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-7954-2620-0 , Volume 2, pp. 1264-1265.

Web links

Commons : Praskowja Sergejewna Uvarowa  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ Прасковья Борисовна Четвертинский.
  2. ↑ Сергей Александрович Щербатов.
  3. ↑ Бобрик (Белопольский район).
  4. ↑ Пречистенский переулок
  5. ↑ Фёдор Иванович Буслаев.
  6. ↑ Об отражении жизни в "Анне Карениной": из воспоминаний С. Л. Толстого ( On reflections on real life in Anna Karenina . From the memories of Sergei Lwowitsch Tolstoy (1863–1947); son of Leo Tolstoy). In:?, 1939, pp. 566-590 ( digitized version ).
  7. ↑ Rose Comtesse Ouwaroff
  8. ↑ Поречье (Можайский район)
  9. ↑ Императорское Московское археологическое общество . At the end of the 19th century, the society had around 500 members, including Vasily Ossipowitsch Klyutschewski , Mikhail Petrovich Pogodin (1800–1875, Погодин, Михаил Петрович), Sergei Mikhailovich Solovyov , Ivan Yegorovich, Ivan Yegorovich Sabelin (1820), Ivan Yegorovich, Ечанагиванавиванавиванавиванавививанавививанавиран Ечанавир (1820). Wassili Alexejewitsch Gorodzow (1860-1945, Городцов, Василий Алексеевич), Fedor Fjodorowitsch Gornostajev (1867-1915, Горностаев, Фёдор Фёдорович) Apollinary Vasnetsov and Ilya Semjonowitsch Ostroukhov (1858-1929, Остроухов, Илья Семёнович).
  10. ↑ Карачарово (Муром)
  11. ↑ Николай Сергеевич Щербатов (1853–1929).
personal data
SURNAME Uvarowa, Praskowja Sergejewna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Уварова, Прасковья Сергеевна (Russian); Tschetwertinski, Praskowja Sergejewna (maiden name); Uvarova, Praskov'ja Sergeevna
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian amateur archaeologist
DATE OF BIRTH April 9, 1840
PLACE OF BIRTH Terny , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH June 30, 1924
Place of death Dobrna , Kingdom of Yugoslavia