Prestoea

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Prestoea
Prestoea acuminata

Prestoea acuminata

Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Palm- like arecales
Family : Palm family (Arecaceae)
Genre : Prestoea
Scientific name
Prestoea
Hook.f.

Prestoea is a genus of palm foundin tropical America . It is named after the British botanist Henry Prestoe (1842–1923).

features

The trunks of the palm trees are short to medium in size. The palms are multi-stemmed, rarely single-stemmed. The leaves are pinnate, rarely simple. The leaf sheath is open and does not form a crown shaft. It is seldom partially closed and forms a partial crown shaft. The petiole is short to long, concave on the top and rounded on the underside. The rachis is furrowed on the top, rounded or flat on the underside. The leaflets are few or numerous, mostly linear-lanceolate with several secondary veins on each side of the midrib.

The inflorescences are simply branched, less often spike-shaped or paniculate . They arise between the leaves and are upright or arched to flower. Inflorescences are proterandric . The inflorescence stalk is often long, longer than the inflorescence axis . The cover sheet is shorter than the bract on the inflorescence stalk and it is mostly permanent. The bract is leathery and mostly durable. The side axes of the inflorescence are scattered hairy, white at flowering and red at fruit ripeness. The flowers are in triads.

The male flowers are asymmetrical. The sepals are not fused and slightly overlap in the lower area. The petals are also not fused and are flap-like to each other. The six stamens have dorsifix, arrow-shaped anthers . The female flowers have free, broadly overlapping sepals. The petals are also free, overlapping a little at the bottom, short flaps at the top. There are six staminodes . The ovary is unicompartmental with an ovule . This is attached to the side.

The fruits are spherical, the remnants of the stigma remain slightly below the tip. The seed has a basal embryo . The raphe is branched in a network. The scar (hilum) is elongated. The endosperm is furrowed, rarely homogeneous. The primary leaf is two-part or pinnate.

distribution

The representatives of the genus occur in the Antilles , in Central America and in South America in the Andes and in the highlands of Guiana .

Prestoea acuminata in Puerto Rico

Systematics

The genus Prestoea Hook.f. is placed within the family Arecaceae in the subfamily Arecoideae , tribe Euterpeae . An extensive cladistic analysis revealed the genus Neonicholsonia as a sister group , but the genus Oenocarpus was missing from the representatives of the tribe in this analysis .

Henderson and Galeano accepted ten species in their 1996 monograph. These were adopted by Rafael Govaerts and John Dransfield in their World Checklist of Palms in 2005 :

  • Prestoea acuminata (Willd.) HEMoore : Home is tropical America. It occurs there in three varieties.
  • Prestoea carderi (W.Bull) Hook.f. : The homeland is western South America to Venezuela.
  • Prestoea decurrens H.E. Moore : The range extends from Nicaragua to western Ecuador.
  • Prestoea ensiformis (Ruiz & Pav.) HEMoore : The range extends from Costa Rica to Peru.
  • Prestoea longepetiolata (Oerst.) HEMoore : The distribution area extends from Central America to northwestern Venezuela. It comes in three varieties.
  • Prestoea pubens H.E. Moore : The home is Panama and western Colombia. It comes in two varieties.
  • Prestoea pubigera (Griseb. & H. Wendl.) Hook.f. : The home is Trinidad and northwestern Venezuela.
  • Prestoea schultzeana (Burret) HEMoore : The distribution area extends from southeastern Nicaragua to Peru.
  • Prestoea simplicifolia Galeano : The home is the province of Antioquia in Colombia.
  • Prestoea tenuiramosa (Dammer) HEMoore : The distribution area extends from southern Venezuela to Guiana and northern Brazil.

The genus was established in 1883 by Joseph Dalton Hooker for the species Prestoea pubigera , which had previously been placed in the genus Hyospathe . This species is also a type species .

supporting documents

  • Andrew Henderson, Gloria Galeano: Euterpe, Prestoea, and Neonicholsonia (Palmae: Euterpeinae) . Flora Neotropica, Volume 72, New York Botanical Garden Press, New York 1996, pp. 1-90. (JSTOR)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Umberto Quattrocchi: CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names , Volume 3, pp. 2164. 2000. ISBN 0-8493-2673-7
  2. ^ John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: A New Phylogenetic Classification of the Palm Family, Arecaceae . Kew Bulletin, Vol. 60, 2005, pp. 559-569. (JSTOR)
  3. ↑ Conny B. Asmussen, John Dransfield, Vinnie Deickmann, Anders S. Barfod, Jean-Christophe Pintaud, William J. Baker: A new subfamily classification of the palm family (Arecaceae): evidence from plastid DNA phylogeny . Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 151, 2006, pp. 15-38. doi : 10.1111 / j.1095-8339.2006.00521.x
  4. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Prestoea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 14, 2009.

Web links

  • Prestoea on the homepage of the Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden