Project A615

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Project A615
Pr.-A615-Boot M-296
Pr.-A615-Boot M-296
Ship data
country Soviet UnionSoviet Union (naval war flag) Soviet Union
Shipyard Shipyard 196 in Leningrad

Shipyard 194 in Leningrad

Construction period 1953 to 1957
Decommissioning 1970s – 1980s
Units built 1 (project 615)

29 (project A615)

Ship dimensions and crew
length
56.76 m ( Lüa )
width 4.46 m
Draft Max. Hull: 2.78m

Lower edge of sonar: 3.59 m

displacement surfaced: 405.8 t
submerged: 493 t
 
crew 33 men
Machine system
machine Circulatory drive

2 × M-50A diesel engines 700  PS
1 × Type 32A diesel engine 900 PS
1 × PG-106 electric motor 78 PS

propeller 2 × four-leaf

1 × six-leaf

Mission data submarine
Diving depth, normal 100 m
Immersion depth, max. 120 m
Top
speed
submerged 		15 kn
Top
speed
surfaced 		16.1 kn
Armament
Sensors

Active sonar Tamir-5
passive sonar Feniks
Nakat ESM system
flag radar

Project A615 was the Soviet Navy name for a class of diesel-electric submarines intended for use near the coast. The NATO called Project A615 as Quebec Class .

history

Project 615

Drawing of the side view of Project 615

Project 615 was based on experiences that had been made in the 1940s with test arrangements to increase the operational efficiency of submarines. The idea was to use only one type of engine for both surface and underwater travel. For this purpose, German developers had already developed a functioning system that was independent of outside air at the same time as the closed-circuit drive. According to statements by the Soviet researchers, however, in their work they had no access to knowledge that had been obtained in Germany with Walter or circulatory systems.

Because of the experimental nature of the concept, it was decided to install an additional conventional marine diesel engine . Two normal M-50 and one type 32A diesel engine were installed, the latter being supplied with liquid hydrogen peroxide in order to be able to operate independently of the outside air. 100 tons of the substance were carried as a fuel reserve. Because hydrogen peroxide attacks metal, the fuel had to be stored in plastic tanks.

The two M-50 diesel engines with 900 hp each allowed a top speed above water of 17.2 knots. When diving with the Type 32A engine, 15.44 knots were achieved. The range was 1,700 nautical miles . The crew were 29 seafarers.

The armament consisted of four 533 mm torpedo tubes without reserve torpedoes, so that only four torpedoes could be fired before a Project 615 boat had to cancel its use for reloading. For defense against aircraft, a double-barreled 2M-8 automatic cannon was housed in an extension to the submarine tower, which could fire 25 mm shells at targets up to 3,000 meters away.

The small dimensions of the boats turned out to be a decisive disadvantage, as modern sonar systems could not be accommodated here.

After the completion of M-254 as the only boat of Project 615, it was decided to make various changes to the following submarines of the class.

Project A615

Project A615 was the series-produced version of Project 615. Here the two M-50 engines were replaced by more efficient M-50A engines that only made 700 instead of the previous 900 hp. The range of the boats increased to 3,150 nautical miles. To reduce the workload of the seafarers, the crew was increased to 33 men. Of 100 planned examples, only 29 boats of the A615 project were built between 1953 and 1957. Then the project was discontinued.

units

The M-261 in Krasnodar and the M-296 in Odessa were preserved as museum ships and can be viewed today.

M-256

The boat was laid down on September 23, 1953 at the Leningrad shipyard 196 and put into service after its completion in 1955. During a dive in the Baltic Sea , an explosion and a subsequent fire occurred in the engine room off Tallinn . Since there was a risk of further explosions, the commander showed up and evacuated the crew on deck. The fire that continued to burn damaged the boat so severely that after three hours water penetrated the hull and sank M-256 over the stern. Because of bad weather, rescue ships arrived late and were only able to rescue seven sailors from the water. M-256 was later lifted and examined. However, the cause of the explosion could not be determined and the wreck was scrapped in 1958.

Evidence and references

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b В. В. Гагин: Советские дизель-электрические подводные лодки послевоенной постройки. P. 41.
  2. ^ AB Shirokorad : Soviet post-war submarine structures. P. 140.
  3. ^ Oleg A. Godin, David R. Palmer: History of Russian underwater acoustics. P. 465.
  4. ^ AB Shirokorad: Soviet post-war submarine structures. P. 145.
  5. ↑ History of operations for M-256 at deepstorm.ru, viewed on November 11, 2011

literature

  • А.Б. Широкорад: Советские подводные лодки послевоенной постройки. (AB Shirokorad: Soviet U-Boat Post-War Buildings . ) Moscow 1997, ISBN 5-85139-019-0 (Russian).
  • В.В. Гагин: Советские дизель-электрические подводные лодки послевоенной постройки - К 300-лети Рос. Скоти Рос. (WW Gagin: Soviet Diesel-Electric Submarine Buildings - For the 300th Anniversary of the Russian Fleet. ) Voronezh 1996 (Russian).
  • Oleg A. Godin, David R. Palmer: History of Russian underwater acoustics. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2008, ISBN 978-9812568250 (English).
  • Robert (ed.) Gardiner [1995]: Conway's all the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995 . Conway Maritime, London, ISBN 0851776051 , OCLC 34284130 .

Web links

Commons : Quebec class  - collection of pictures, videos, and audio files