Project 667BD

Project 667BD

Project 667BD

Ship data country  Soviet Union / Russia   Shipyard Shipyard 402 in Severodvinsk Construction period 1973 to 1977 Decommissioning 1990s to 2004 Units built 4th

Ship dimensions and crew length 155 m ( Lüa ) width 11.7 m Draft Max. 8.6 m displacement surfaced: 10,500 t submerged: 13,600 t   crew 135 men

Machine system machine Main drive: 2 WWR - pressurized water reactors 180 MW th propeller 2 five-leaf

Mission data submarine Diving depth, normal 320 m Immersion depth, max. 400 m Top speed submerged 25 kn (46 km / h) Top speed surfaced 15 kn (28 km / h)

Armament 16 × R-29D starter tanks 4 × torpedo tubes ∅ 533 mm 2 × torpedo tubes ∅ 400 mm Sensors MGK-100- "Kerch" - Sonar MRP-10M- "Saliw-P" - ESM system MRK-50- "Kaskad" - Radar MRK-57- "Korma" radar

Project 667BD with the code name "Murena-M" ( Russian Мурена-М ) was a class of Soviet ballistic missile submarines . It was designated by NATO as the Delta II class .

Project 667BD was an enlarged version of Project 667B . The class was wearing the same kind of weapons as its predecessor, but was 16 instead of twelve ICBMs equipped.

development

The plans for Project 667BD were drawn up on behalf of the Soviet Navy by S. Kovalev from the “Rubin” development office. In order to accommodate the four additionally required silos with ICBMs, the missile department was expanded by a 16-meter segment and the remaining configuration of the predecessor was retained.

However, the upper edge of the extended missile compartment was led down to the stern with a continuous slope and not, as in the previous project 667B, by a slope that was interrupted by an intermediate stage; so the two classes could be clearly distinguished without counting the rocket shafts.

technology

hull

Drawing of the starboard view of Project 667BD

Project 667BD largely retained the internal structure and technical systems of its predecessor and was only extended by the additional fuselage section.

However, the noise insulation has been revised; on the one hand to make it more difficult to locate the boats using external sonar systems, on the other hand to increase the effectiveness of the own sonar system by removing disturbing sources of noise. For this purpose, the boats received a new sound-absorbing coating, pipes and hydraulic systems were decoupled from the pressure hull and the steam turbines were placed on a foundation that prevented the transmission of machine vibrations to the pressure hull and thus the surrounding water.

For the first time in the history of Soviet submarine construction, the submarines of the 667BD project received a system for water electrolysis , so that oxygen for the crew could be produced from seawater and electricity , thus making it unnecessary to go up to replenish the supplies of breathable air .

The pressure hull itself was divided into ten watertight, lockable compartments:

• 1: Torpedo room with torpedo tubes, reserve torpedoes, front exit hatch, first battery set, control units for the sonar system
• 2: Accommodation on two decks and second battery pack on the third deck
• 3: Control center with control instruments, radio room and access to the tower
• 4: Missile Division 1 with twelve missile silos
• 5: Missile Department 2 with four missile silos and pump systems for missile fuel
• 6: Technical department with tanks for diesel fuel
• 7: Reactor department with the two WM reactors positioned one behind the other
• 8: front machine department with turbines, condensers, electric motors
• 9: rear machine department with turbines, condensers, electric motors
• 10: stern area with rear exit hatch, access lock, steering gear for the stern rudder and trigger for the emergency buoy

drive

Main source of project 667BD was the WWR reactor complex with two World Cup 4-B - pressurized water reactors . The two reactors together generated 180 MW of thermal energy, which was used to generate steam that powered two GTSA turbines. The turbines could each transmit up to 20,000 HP (14,710 kW) to the two shafts , which moved the submarine forward at a top speed of 25 knots over the two propellers in diving mode. Alternatively, two DW-460 diesel engines could each provide 460 kW of drive energy by burning diesel fuel and atmospheric oxygen. Atmospheric oxygen can also be sucked into the boat via a snorkel .

Both energy sources could also charge the lead accumulators in the fuselage via a generator .

Range

Project 667BD was no longer subject to range restrictions due to its nuclear drive. Only the supplies of food and consumables carried for the crew limited the service life of the boats to an estimated 80 days.

Sensors and communication systems

Project 667BD was equipped with an Almas-BP combat information system , a Tobol-B navigation system, and a Molnija-L communication system. In addition, a system for friend-foe recognition of the type "Nichrome-M" was installed.

Armament

Project 667BD carried 16 R-29D intercontinental ballistic missiles in separate silos. The weapons were controlled by the D-5D missile complex, which, however, had been developed for the previous project 667B with only twelve missiles. The result was that Project 667BD could not fire its missiles in one short salvo, but had to carry out two launch sequences - one for the first twelve missiles and then a separate one for the remaining four.

For self-defense, each boat carried four bow torpedo tubes in caliber 533 mm and two in caliber 400 mm. 16 torpedoes for the 533 mm tubes and four 400 mm weapons can be carried on board. The 533 mm torpedo models SET-65, SAET-60M, 53-65K or 53-65M could be used in addition to the 400 mm SET-40.

disposal

The disposal of the boats in the 667BD project consisted of three steps: securing and storing the reactor section, scrapping the boats and, if required by the START disarmament treaties , rendering the rocket launcher unusable. The work was initially financed by the Soviet Union and later by Russia as an obligation under the START contracts, but also financially supported by the USA as part of the Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) program. The work is carried out for boats of the Northern Fleet by the “Nerpa” and the “Svyosdotschka” shipyards.

units

Four boats of the 667BD project were built at shipyard 402 “ Sevmasch ” in Severodvinsk . A fifth, K-424, was already under construction as Project 667BDR.

K-182

K-182 was laid down in Severodvinsk on April 10, 1973 and launched on January 12, 1975. She was assigned to the Northern Fleet and was given the honorary name 60 Years of the Great October Revolution on November 4, 1977 on the occasion of the October Revolution of 1917. She carried out rocket launches and several tests, and in 1980 was involved in attempts to break through the American sound surveillance system unnoticed. In 1992 the honorary name was given up again with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the boat was decommissioned on April 24, 1996. In 1999 it was towed to the scrapping yard.

K-92

The boat was laid down in Severodvinsk on July 9, 1973 and launched on May 3, 1975. In 1982 it broke the ice sheet at the geographic North Pole and carried out two rocket launches. K-92 was decommissioned on April 24, 1996 and scrapped from 1999 at the "Nerpa" scrap yard.

K-193

K-193, hull number 353, was laid down on September 3, 1973 and launched on July 18, 1975. In 1985 the boat was badly damaged by the depth rudders during a dive trip and had to surface and go to the next port on the surface. K-193 carried out rocket launches and torpedo launches after its repair and was decommissioned on April 24, 1994. The reactor section was separated from the hull at the “Svyosdotschka” scrapping yard in 1999 and the boat was scrapped.

K-421

The boat was laid down on November 30, 1973 and launched on July 1, 1975. In the course of her acceptance, she performed a dive to a depth of 320 meters and was assigned to the northern fleet. In 1976, the K-421 was scheduled to sail on patrol, although a heavy storm had raged over the base for several days. The wind caused the boat to roll so strongly that the lateral inclination temporarily exceeded 50 °. A seaman broke his ribs, but the K-421 was able to do its job. In 1982 she performed two missile launches as part of an exercise while moored at her base pier. The boat carried out several patrols that took it all the way to the Azores . On April 24, 1996 she was decommissioned and scrapped between 1997 and 1999 at the "Nerpa" scrap yard. The reactor department was towed to a naval storage facility.

Evidence and references

Remarks

1. ↑ 15,750 tons in submerged condition according to SA Spirichin: surface ships, vehicles and submarines built at shipyard No. 402. p. 142.
2. ↑ Alpakow mentions the identification MRP-57 for the system on p. 24 with the same name as “Saliw-P”, which could not be confirmed by other sources.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ 667 BD at atrinaflot.narod.ru, viewed on August 15, 2011 ( Memento from March 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
2. ↑ J. Apalkow: Ships of the USSR - Strategic missile submarines and multipurpose submarines. P. 24.
3. ↑ Russia: CTR Program Destruction and Dismantlement on nti.org, viewed on August 10, 2011
4. ↑ Specifics of the Multi-Purpose Nuclear Submarine Dismantlingat FGUP MP "Zvezdochka" and Needs for Upgrades. P. 1 (PDF; 229 kB)
5. ↑ History of Zvezdochka State Machine-Building Enterprise on nti.org, spotted 8 August 2011
6. ↑ Specifics of the Multi-Purpose Nuclear Submarine Dismantlingat FGUP MP Zvezdochka and Needs for Upgrades. P. 11 (PDF; 229 kB)

literature

• Ю.В. Апальков: Корабли ВМФ СССР Том I - Подводные лодки. Часть 1 - Ракетные подводные крейсера стратегического назначения и многоцелевые подводные лодки. (For example: J. Apalkow: Ships of the USSR - Strategic Missile Submarines and Multipurpose Submarines. ) Saint Petersburg 2002, ISBN 5-8172-0069-4 (Russian).
• С.А. Спирихин: Надводные корабли, суда и подводные лодки постройки завода №402. (For example: SA Spirichin: Surface ships, vehicles and submarines built at shipyard No. 402. ) Arkhangelsk 2004, ISBN 5-85879-155-7 (Russian).

Web links

Commons : Delta II class  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Project 667BD at deepstorm.ru (Russian)
• Project 667BD at atrina.flot.narod.ru ( Memento from March 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (Russian)